含三维内裂纹试件单轴压缩裂纹扩展机理及数值模拟

为了研究含三维椭圆内裂纹在压载条件下的裂纹尖端应力强度因子变化及裂纹扩展规律,基于裂纹尖端的应力状态,定义了应力集中系数函数δ,得到了裂纹前缘的转角θ和扭角Φ(分别对应裂纹的二型与三型破坏)随着裂纹前缘的变化规律.同时基于M积分与最大周向拉应变准则,计算出了裂纹前缘的应力强度因子及裂纹扩展规律,与室内试验成果进行对比,结果表明:裂纹的转角θ沿着裂纹前缘从长半轴到短半轴的过程中不断减小,裂纹的扭角Φ沿裂纹前缘不断增大;基于最大周向拉应变准则得出了椭圆裂纹压载条件下的裂纹扩展规律,并与试验结果进行了对比,解析规律及数值模拟规律与室内试验一致,验证了本文解析分析及数值分析的合理性.     

基于光滑有限元的含裂纹复合材料的虚拟裂纹闭合法

为提高求解断裂参数的精度和效率,将光滑有限元法与虚拟裂纹闭合法相结合,提出光滑有限元-虚拟裂纹闭合法.对含不同长度和角度的倾斜裂纹复合材料圆板的断裂参数进行了求解,并与有限元-虚拟裂纹闭合法计算结果进行了对比.数值算例结果验证了该方法具有高精度,裂纹尖端处单元不需特殊处理,对网格尺寸要求低等优点,是分析断裂问题简洁高效的数值计算方法.     

直缝焊管裂纹扩展过程有限元数值模拟

采用扩展有限元方法,基于ABAQUS软件平台来模拟研究直缝焊管裂纹扩展过程,可以模拟出在内压作用下裂纹扩展的整个过程,得到裂纹扩展过程中裂纹尖端的应力云图以及裂纹尖端的应力场云图及应力强度因子;而对于多裂纹问题,能够通过数值模拟得出小裂纹扩展成大裂纹的整个过程.     

材料构型力驱动的复合型疲劳裂纹扩展行为研究

基于材料构型力断裂准则,提出了一种描述复合型疲劳裂纹扩展规律的新模型,该模型不仅能够预测复合型裂纹的扩展路径,而且可以计算裂纹扩展寿命。以该模型为基础,对疲劳问题中的复合型裂纹扩展失效问题进行了研究。首先,根据材料构型力理论,建立了复合型疲劳裂纹扩展模型,开发了构型力的有限元计算程序,实现了疲劳裂纹扩展的数值计算;其次,采用构型力驱动准则,对Ⅰ型和I-II复合型疲劳裂纹进行了数值分析,计算了裂纹扩展路径以及扩展寿命,数值分析结果与试验结果基本一致,从而验证了该方法的有效性。最后,针对工程实际中可能出现的复杂疲劳裂纹扩展问题,具体研究了边界裂纹与圆孔缺陷干涉作用下的金属板疲劳问题,结果表明:斜裂纹角度以及孔洞与裂纹的相对位置均会影响扩展路径以及疲劳寿命;对于不含圆孔的斜裂纹问题,裂纹角度越大,寿命就越长,而对于含圆孔的边界裂纹问题,由于孔洞的存在导致了裂纹朝孔洞方向偏转和裂纹扩展速率减小,并可能发生止裂现象。     

T应力对扩展裂纹尖端塑性区域形状的影响

根据Williams级数解,裂纹尖端应力场由Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型应力强度因子及T应力共同控制。将裂纹尖端应力分量代入Von Mises屈服准则,建立裂纹尖端塑性扩展区模型。基于该模型获得了在不同Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合比断裂情况下裂纹尖端塑性扩展区形状随T应力的变化规律,并对Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型断裂在复合型裂纹断裂所占的比例、T应力大小及泊松比对塑性区域形状的影响进行了讨论。研究结果表明:正的T应力引起裂纹断裂角θ_0减小,加剧裂纹扩展;负的T应力导致裂纹断裂角θ_0增大,并抑制裂纹扩展;T应力为0或纯Ⅰ型裂纹尖端塑性区存在对称轴,存在T应力后,塑性区域呈不对称分布,T应力绝对值越大,塑性区域面积越大,T应力对裂纹尖端塑性区形状及尺寸大小均有很大影响。此外,不同Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型裂纹,塑性区域面积均随泊松比的增大而减小。塑性区变化的观测结果对进一步分析加载条件下Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型裂纹工程结构缺陷的疲劳和断裂具有重要意义。     

斜齿轮齿根处裂纹倾角对裂纹扩展特性的影响

以斜齿轮齿根裂纹为研究对象,讨论裂纹倾角对裂纹扩展特性的影响.以ABAQUS为平台,建立了啮合斜齿轮的有限元分析模型,并对裂纹尖端单元进行奇异化处理,分析裂纹倾角对裂纹扩展路径、应力强度因子和裂纹尖端位移的影响.研究结果表明:载荷作用力相同的情况下,裂纹向齿轮端面和齿宽方向扩展是不对称的;同一裂纹结构随着裂纹倾角的增加裂纹尖端的等效应力、位移和应力强度因子也相应发生变化;随着裂纹倾角的增大,应力强度因子KⅠ逐渐减小,应力强度因子KⅡ先增大后减小.     

7085-T7452铝合金复合型疲劳单裂纹应力强度因子计算

为探究7085-T7452铝合金I-Ⅱ复合型加载下疲劳裂纹扩展机理,利用ANSYS软件建立了含裂纹T7452铝合金的有限元模型,运用最大环向拉应力准则计算复合型裂纹扩展方向,计算出T7450铝合金复合型加载下裂纹尖端应力强度因子;同时研究了复合型裂纹扩展过程中I、Ⅱ型裂纹应力强度因子变化规律.     

滚动接触作用下钢轨表面裂纹扩展机理分析

为了分析车轮纯滚动接触作用下的钢轨表面裂纹扩展机制,建立含表面裂纹的轮轨滚动接触疲劳计算模型,获得15t轴重作用下钢轨表面裂纹长度由0.1mm扩展到2.0mm全过程的裂纹尖端应力强度因子变化规律.基于复合型断裂准则和Paris疲劳扩展理论,分析钢轨表面裂纹扩展规律.分析结果表明:在微裂纹扩展至可见裂纹阶段,钢轨表面疲劳裂纹属于Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型裂纹;随着裂纹长度增加,应力强度因子K_Ⅰ先迅速增加,然后逐渐减小,而KⅡ在裂纹扩展全过程中呈增加趋势;裂纹萌生与扩展初期以张开型为主,随着裂纹长度增加,其扩展形式向滑开型转变;当裂纹扩展至0.3~0.5mm间时,倾向于向上扩展导致剥离掉块,该扩展趋势与现场服役钢轨剥离路径较为一致.     

Ⅰ-Ⅲ型复合加载下铝合金疲劳裂纹扩展速率

通过有限元数值模拟和疲劳裂纹扩展试验,研究了铝合金材料在Ⅰ-Ⅲ复合型加载条件下的疲劳裂纹扩展规律,得到了在不同加载情况下裂纹的应力强度因子、裂纹前缘能量场和塑性区半径.在分析Ⅰ型拉力载荷对裂纹扩展的基础上,着重分析了Ⅲ型加载对Ⅰ型裂纹应力强度因子及裂纹前缘能量场的影响.结果表明:应力强度因子KⅠ随着Ⅲ型加载的增大而减小,而裂纹附近塑性区半径增大.进行Ⅲ型静态加载会使疲劳裂纹扩展速率减小,在一定范围内,Ⅰ-Ⅲ复合型疲劳裂纹扩展速率随着Ⅲ型加载的增加而减小;而在进行Ⅲ型循环加载会使疲劳裂纹扩展速率增大,在一定范围内,Ⅰ-Ⅲ复合型疲劳裂纹扩展速率随着Ⅲ型加载的增加而增大.     

裂纹连续度对非均质材料中雁行裂纹扩展的影响

应用材料破裂过程分析(MFPA2D)系统,通过对非均质材料试样中预置的雁行裂纹在单轴压缩下裂纹扩展、演化过程的数值模拟,研究了裂纹连续度的变化对裂纹尖端邻域应力场及裂纹扩展模式的影响,同时分析了连续度变化对裂纹起裂应力及强度所造成的影响·数值模拟结果表明随裂纹连续度的减小,裂纹内尖端的应力场逐渐由拉应力场过渡为压应力场,裂纹的扩展模式相应地经历拉模式(T)、拉剪模式(T S)及压模式(C),裂纹扩展的起始角度与最大压应力之间的角度也逐渐增大·此外,数值模拟结果还表明裂纹尖端的起裂应力大致为试样极限强度的1/2～1/3·     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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