聚丙烯酸纳米微凝胶的表征

利用原子力显微镜（AFM）对聚丙烯酸纳米微凝胶的形态、结构进行了表征,单体浓度、交 联剂与单体摩尔比对聚丙烯酸微凝胶的粒径都有一定影响,在实验条件下均可得到粒径为20 ～60nm的微凝胶。加入夺氢型光引发剂BP-4进行二次聚合,可以得到大分子纳米凝胶引发剂,其粒径比一次聚合所得微凝胶增大10～20nm;二次聚合时加入N-异丙基丙烯酰胺（NIPAM）可得到50～90nm、表面包覆PNIPAM的纳米凝胶。     

Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy characterization of nickel deposition on bacterial cells

Recently bacterial cells have become attractive biological templates for the fabrication of metal nano- structures or nanomaterials due to their inherent small size, various standard geometrical shapes and abundant source. In this paper, nickel-coated bacterial cells (gram-negative bacteria of Escherichia coli) were fabricated via electroless chemical plating. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization results reveal evident morphological difference between bacterial cells before and after deposition with nickel. The bare cells with smooth surface presented transverse outspreading effect at mica surface. Great changes took place in surface roughness for those bacterial cells after metallization. A large number of nickel nanoparticles were observed to be equably distributed at bacterial surface after activation and subsequent metallization. Furthermore, ultra thin section analytic results validated the presence and uniformity of thin nickel coating at bacte- rial surface after metallization.     

Study on the specific interaction between angiogenin and aptamer by atomic force microscopy （AFM）

The specific interaction between angiogenin and aptamer has been investigated by using AFM. The specificity of the interaction is revealed by comparing the binding probability of aptamer to other elements in a series of control experiments. The results have shown that there is specific interaction force between angiogenin and aptamer. Moreover, the single molecular pull-off force between angiogenin and aptamer has also been determined using the Poisson statistical method to be 133.7±11.7 pN. These findings obtained are helpful to the better revelation of recognition mechanism between angiogenin and aptamer, which provided basis for further understanding the inhibition of the aptamer to angiogenic activity.     

Determination of hydration film thickness using atomic force microscopy

Surface forces between particles control phenomenasuch as dispersion, agglomeration, coatings, adhesion,wetting, friction, and polishing, which play a crucial rolein materials processing. The importance of surface forcesis more appreciated especially in colloidal processing,while materials in a colloidal state are frequently preferredin industrial processing operations (e.g., printing inks,toners, paints, skin creams, blood substitutes, gels used asdrug-delivery systems, etc.) because their lar…     

Elimination of bistability in constant-phase mode in atomic force microscopy

By presenting the phase properties of bistability in amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy, we put forward a technique, the constant-phase mode, which may eliminate bistability. Using this approach, we keep the phase shift between driving and oscillation constant, slightly above -90°. In addition to the adjustment of the free amplitude, we add to amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy another feedback so that the tip always oscillates in the high-amplitude state. A numerical simulation is carried out to demonstrate that the algorithm prevents bistability effectively.     

原子力显微镜针尖与样品间的材料转移

研究氮化硅针尖在十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷 (OTE) /云母表面的修饰过程。使用原子力 /摩擦力显微镜 ,以云母作为参考样品 ,研究了针尖在样品表面的修饰效应和修饰后针尖的清洁过程 ,并考察了湿度和载荷对针尖修饰效应的影响。修饰过程不是一个渐进的过程 ,在最初几次摩擦扫描中修饰较快 ,然后在 10～ 2 0次扫描后达到平衡态。在 OTE/云母表面修饰后的针尖在云母表面的摩擦力信号比修饰前针尖在云母表面的摩擦力信号小 ,并且大部分吸附在针尖表面的 OTE分子在云母表面的前 10次扫描中就被磨掉。相对湿度对针尖的修饰效应影响不大。在研究不同样品的摩擦性能时 ,尽量使用清洁针尖 ,并使用摩擦性能稳定的参考样品 (如云母 )来检测针尖的表面状态     

红枣多糖微结构的原子力显微镜观测

应用原子力显微镜，对红枣多糖的微观形貌进行了观测研究，给出最佳观察方法．发现其单个分子链及其多个侧枝、聚合物链分子间互相缠绕，链间通过糖单元间不同的连接方式衍生出许多聚集体，大小在150-300nm范围内，从而直接证实了多糖大分子具有高度分枝的化学结构．同时发现红枣多糖两股糖链呈螺旋型紧密排列、多个糖链缠绕成股的情况，提示多糖在结构上可能存在类似蛋白质的自组装现象．     

The hybridization between peptide nucleic acid containing azobenzene and DNA labeled nanoparticle on chip surfaces studied by atomic force microscopy

Peptide nucleic acid containing azobenzene （N-PNA） was covalently bound on chip surfaces. Complementary DNA probes labeled by gold nanoparticles hybridizated with PNA on chip surfaces, The hybridization was successfully detected with AFM by the microscopy mothed. The influences of the position and the cis-trans isomerization of azobenzene unit on hybridization were investigated with AFM.     

Dynamic evolution of adhesion force between protein films studied by atomic force microscope

The approaching of two hydrophobic surfaces in water will lead to the combination of air bubbles adsorbed on the surfaces, thus additional long-range attraction is induced due to the bridging capillary force. Theoretical analysis shows that the process is a first-order phase transition, while no direct experiment supports the predication. The interaction between protein modified tip of atomic force microscope and protein film on mica was studied. The results demonstrate that the adhesion force between them increases to a stable value during the calibration process and the evolution clearly indicates the character of first-order transition.     

Atomic force microscopic view of the fine topography on the tobacco stigma surface during its response to pollination

During compatible pollination in tobacco, an extracellular matrix （ECM） is secreted from the stigma surface; however, it is unknown whether the pattern of secretion across the stigma depends on the pollen source. In fact, technical limitations have prevented clear observation of ECM secretion. Here, we report the detailed topographic changes on the stigma surface that accompanies intraspecies and interspecies pollination in tobacco using contact mode atomic force microscopy （AFM）. Our results, which show the dynamics and time course of ECM secretion after pollination, indicate that a certain pattern of secretion already exists on the stigma prior to pollination. Intraspecies induced a two-step response, characterized by topographical changes on the stigma surface several hours after pollination, which was distinct from the pattern of ECM secretion induced by interspecies pollination. This difference was confirmed by root-mean-square analysis, which assessed the roughness of the stigma surface. Our findings indicate that compatible pollination not only induces ECM secretion from the stigma, but also results in a specific distribution of the ECM. Thus, this study demonstrates the powerful potential of AFM in studying the pollen-stigma interaction.     

An atomic force microscopy study of coal nanopore structure

Coal nanopore structure is an important factor in understanding the storage and migration of absorbed gas in coal. A new method for studying coal nanopore structures is proposed. This idea is based on the nano-level resolution of atomic force microscopy, which can be employed to observe the structural features of coal nanopores clearly, conduct quantitative three-dimensional measurements and obtain structural parameters. Analysis results show that coal nanopores are mainly metamorphic pores and intermolecul...     

一种有机硅烷/稀土复合薄膜制备及纳米摩擦学性能

采用分子自组装技术在单晶硅基底上制备了有机硅烷/稀土（APTES/RE）复合薄膜.利用椭圆偏振仪、接触角测量仪及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)仪分析表征了薄膜的结构,并采用原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了硅基片和复合薄膜的纳米摩擦学性能.结果表明：随着探针的滑动速度和载荷的增加,针尖与样品间摩擦力增加;硅基片和复合薄膜表面的黏附力和摩擦力随着相对湿度的升高而增大;APTES/RE复合薄膜具有较低的摩擦系数及黏附力和显著的抗黏着及减摩效果,显示出其在微机构表面润滑中良好的应用前景.     

戊二醛对原子力显微镜观测大肠杆菌的影晌

戊二醛作为生物材料的固定剂,在原子力显微镜（AFM）制样中已广泛使用．虽然已有用戊二醛观测大肠杆菌的文献报道,但到目前为止,关于戊二醛在AFM观测大肠杆菌中的作用还缺乏系统研究．首先分析AFM扫描图像的假像,进而探讨戊二醛的浓度和固定时间对AFM图像质量和大肠杆菌表面形貌的影响．结果表明,戊二醛的浓度和固定时间对AFM图像的清晰度、大肠杆菌的微观结构以及细胞的三维尺寸都有着重要影响．在相同固定条件下所扫描的AFM图像与扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像对比发现,两者的形貌相似,而AFM图像比SEM图像分辨率更高,在定量分析上也更有优势．     

间歇模原子力显微镜扫描探针的受迫振动解

提出了一个间隙模原子力显微镜全动态工作的模型 ,用参数变换和模式展开方法 ,得到了具有粘滞阻尼和分段线性相互作用力的扫描探针的受迫弯曲振动微分方程的分析解 ,间歇模原子力显微镜扫描探针的受迫振动解 ,由接触模解和非接触模解交替工作而构成