基于二氨基马来腈快速识别ClO-的荧光探针及应用

由水杨醛衍生物和二氨基马来腈合成了一种荧光探针L.探针L在V（DMF）∶V（H₂O）=3∶7,pH=6.71的溶液中通过荧光信号“开启”,表现出对ClO^-的高选择性.此外，探针L对ClO^-的响应快速（200 s）,具有良好的抗干扰能力，检测限为1.03μmol/L,pH适用范围为6～10,可成功应用于水样品中ClO^-的检测.     

智能手机辅助铜纳米团簇比率荧光探针检测四环素

稀土离子Eu³⁺结合EW-Cu NCs设计双发射荧光探针,由于四环素(Tc)与EW-Cu NCs之间的内滤效应,EW-Cu NCs的荧光被猝灭,同时Tc与Eu³⁺之间的天线效应(AEE)使得Eu³⁺的荧光得到增强,基于此,通过探针的荧光双响应模式对Tc进行定量检测,在0.25～72.50μmol/L浓度范围内,对Tc的响应有良好的线性关系,检测限为80 nmol/L.同时根据检测过程中溶液荧光颜色的变化(由绿到红),利用智能手机进行比色法分析,颜色信号比值R/B与Tc浓度在2.5～45.0μmol/L范围内有良好的线性关系.该方法成功用于实际样品牛奶中Tc的检测,并获得满意的回收率,表明EW-Cu NCs具有较高的实际应用价值.     

荧光聚乙烯亚胺/曙红Y比率荧光法测定十二烷基硫酸钠

通过聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)与甲醛反应合成发蓝色荧光的聚乙烯亚胺(FPEI),根据十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)与FPEI结合能力强于曙红Y(EY),使EY与FPEI间的距离增加,导致EY荧光恢复,并建立FPEI/EY双荧光体系测定SDS的比率荧光法.结果表明:SDS的浓度为0.62~60.00 μmol·L^-1,F₅₅₀/F₄₆₀与SDS的浓度具有较好的线性关系,检测限为0.062 μmol·L^-1,用于实际样品的测定,回收率     

g-C3N4/CB/AuNPs修饰玻碳电极的制备及其对硫酸联氨的电化学测定

将炭黑(CB)纳米粒子与类石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)混合,然后将金纳米粒子(Au NPs)掺杂其中,形成一种新型g-C₃N₄/CB/AuNPs复合纳米材料,用于修饰玻碳电极.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合材料的形貌进行了表征.实验结果表明：g-C₃N₄/CB/AuNPs对硫酸联氨(N₂H₄·H₂SO₄)的电化学氧化呈现极好的电催化性能.硫酸联氨的氧化电流与其物质的量浓度在2.5×10^-5～1.5×10^-3 mol·L^-1线性范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为1.6μmol·L^-1(信噪比S/N=3).     

氮磷加富对山东长岛养殖坛紫菜的生长及营养成分的影响

为探究山东长岛养殖坛紫菜(Pyropia haitanensis)的最适营养盐条件,对不同氮、磷浓度下坛紫菜的生长、光合色素含量、营养成分(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分)和氨基酸组成进行测定分析,并评价其营养价值。结果显示：山东长岛养殖的坛紫菜在氮、磷加富浓度分别为50μmol·L^-1、3.13μmol·L^-1时生长速率最快,叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素、藻红蛋白及藻蓝蛋白含量均显著升高,但在氮、磷浓度分别高于200μmol·L^-1、12.5μmol·L^-1时其生长减缓。坛紫菜对氮、磷的吸收速率受营养盐浓度的显著影响,在氮、磷浓度分别高于200μmol·L^-1、12.5μmol·L^-1时,其对NH⁺₄-N的吸收速率显著高于NO^-₃-N。氮、磷加富培养使坛紫菜营养成分的含量呈显著变化,其中粗蛋白和灰分含量显著增加,而粗脂肪的含量则显著降低;氨基酸总量以及呈味氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值(DAA...     

基于氟硼二吡咯的水溶性高灵敏汞离子荧光探针

以氟硼二吡咯作为荧光基团、以肼基作为活性基团设计、合成了一种可用于物质的量高灵敏地检测水溶液中汞离子的荧光探针(MS).该探针在水溶液中5 min内基本可以完成对汞离子的检测,随着汞离子浓度的增加,溶液紫外吸收明显红移,荧光强度大大增强.即使体系中汞离子物质的量浓度在0.1μmol/L时,溶液荧光强度也有明显变化,说明该探针具有很高的灵敏度.另外选择性实验表明该探针在相同条件下对其他常见金属离子没有明显响应,说明该探针具有很好的选择性.     

石墨烯量子点对对苯二酚的检测

以柠檬酸为碳源,采用一步熔融法制备了石墨烯量子点,通过红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱对其光学性能进行表征,同时考察了石墨烯量子点耐光漂白能力和抗盐性. 该石墨烯量子点可应用于对苯二酚的检测,其荧光强度与对苯二酚浓度成良好的线性关系(R²=0.979),方法的检测限为3.1 nmol·L^-1, 线性范围为1.0×10^-7~5.0×10^-6 mol·L^-1.     

滨海湿地中溶解态CH4的通量及影响因子

以长江口滨海湿地的九段沙湿地和西沙湿地为研究区域,探究了滨海湿地水体中溶解态CH₄浓度和通量的变化过程及影响因子.采样期间,CH₄溶存浓度有显著的季节变化:九段沙秋季的CH₄平均溶存浓度最大,为(0.30±0.19)μmol·L^-1;西沙夏季的CH4平均溶存浓度最大,为(1.16±1.52)μmol·L^-1.西沙的CH₄平均溶存浓度((0.56±0.91)μmol·L^-1)高于九段沙((0.18±0.17)μmol·L^-1).通过主成分分析发现,CH₄的时空变化主要与滨海湿地的季节更替及潮汐作用有关,低温、高盐度和富氧环境都将抑制CH₄的合成.对于不同的季节和研究区域,溶解态CH₄的通量变化也有显著差异.九段沙和西沙水环境向大气扩散的CH₄通量分别在秋季((0.45±0.43) nmol·m^-2·s     

β-环糊精对多菌灵的荧光增敏效应研究

研究了β-环糊精和多菌灵在水相中形成的超分子体系的荧光光谱,得到了不同浓度和不同pH值溶液中客体分子的荧光光谱。研究发现,在水相中,β-环糊精和多菌灵形成了1:1的超分子体系,包合常数为3.2×10²,与单体分子相比,空腔内多菌灵的荧光强度大大提高。β-环糊精的浓度为8×10^-4~5.6*10^-3 mol·L^-1时,空腔内多菌灵的荧光强度随着β-环糊精浓度的增加而增强。多菌灵的荧光强度在酸性水溶液中具有很强的增强效应,而在中性和碱性介质中,其荧光增强效应较为平缓。在pH=7.6的溶液中,多菌灵在β-环糊精空腔内的荧光强度达到最大。多菌灵在质量浓度为0.46~6.16 ng·mL^-1范围内呈现良好的线性关系,回归方程为F=5.37C( ng·mL^-1)+148.54,相关系数为0.999 3。利用荧光增强效应,得到该超分子体系对多菌灵的检测限为60 pg·mL^-1,是已经报道检测限(4.78 ng·mL^-1)的百分之一。     

酪氨酸分子印迹电化学传感器的制备及性能

采用恒电位沉积法,制备以L-酪氨酸为模板分子,壳聚糖为功能基体的分子印迹电化学传感器.实验结果表明:在优化的制备和测试条件下,所制得的印迹传感器对L-酪氨酸具有良好的特异识别性能,印迹因子达3.34;在pH值为6.0,0.1 mol·L^-1的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,L-酪氨酸的微分脉冲伏安氧化峰峰电流与浓度在4.0×10^-7~1.0×10^-4 mol·L^-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2.0×10^-7 mol·L^-1.将该传感器用于人血清中酪氨酸含量的测定,平均回收率为89.50%~99.67%.     

Functional maturation of two murine medullary-type CD8SP thymocytes

TCRαβCD4-CD8+ thymocytes are heterogeneity. They may undergo phenotypic and functional maturation within thymic medulla. Medullary-type CD8SP thymocytes were divided into seven subsets based on phenotypic analysis, and their precursor-progeny relationship along with the differential pathway was also delineated. To further testify the validity of the maturation pathway, we purified 6C10-CD69+ cells representing the early stage and 6C10-Qa-2+ cells representing the later stage among medullary-type CD8SP thymocytes and compared their functional maturation levels. CD8+ T cells of spleen were used as the control. It is shown that there is no obvious difference of proliferation ability among these three subsets; however, intracytoplasmic cytokine assay shows that there is a hier archy of IFN-γ and TNFα secretion among these subsets, strikingly comparable to their phenotypic status among medullary type CD8SP thymocytes. The bioassays of IL-2 and IFN-γ in culture supernatant give the similar results.     

Effects of La3+ and Gd3+ on Ca2+ influx in rat hepatoma H-35 cells

Effects of La³⁺ and Gd³⁺ on Ca²⁺ influx were investigated in rat hepatoma H-35 cells by measuring the initial rate of⁴⁵Ca²⁺ uptake. It was found that the maximum initial rate of Ca²⁺ uptake was increased six-to ten-fold at low concentrations of La³⁺ and Gd³⁺. Kinetic analyses by measuring the initial rate of Ca²⁺ influx at different external Ca²⁺ concentrations indicated the existence of two intracellular exchangeable components in the basal Ca²⁺ system, with low and high affinities for Ca²⁺, and only one class of Ca²⁺ binding sites was observed in the La³⁺-or Gd³⁺-treated cells. For high affinity, La³⁺ and Gd³⁺ increased both kinetic parametersK _m andV _max of basai Ca²⁺ influx. La³⁺ and Gd³⁺ compete directly with Ca²⁺ for Ca²⁺ binding site for low affinity. The kinetics is competitive.     

Determination of specific activity of230Th in uranium ore samples

A new method suitable for determining specific activity of²³⁰Th in uranium ore samples is built. The method is characterized by adding the²³⁰Th/²³²Th standard dilution agent with lower activity ratio (Its²³⁰Th/²³²Th activity ratio and²³⁰Th have been known) to the samples and using isotopic dilution analysis. The method can be applied to analyses of²³⁰Th specific activity in various²³⁰Th/²³²Th activity ratio samples. The precision can also be improved.     

含Sr2+和Bi3+有机杂化体的合成及其光降解罗丹明B

采用溶剂热法在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中合成了不同摩尔比例的SrCl_2和Bi(NO_3)_3(分别为5%,10%,30%,50%,80%)与对苯二甲酸形成的含Sr~(2+)和Bi~(3+)有机杂化体,并在紫外可见光照射下对其进行了罗丹明B降解活性的评价.结果表明:杂化体在紫外可见光下对RhB降解活性良好,其中SrCl_2摩尔比例10%掺杂的催化剂光降解活性最佳,这归结于其在紫外区域对光有很好的吸收及光生电子和空穴能有效地分离.双金属离子能协同调节有机杂化体的光催化活性.     

Effect of fatty acids on polyamine contents and Na+/H+ antiport activity in PM vesicles isolated from roots of barley under salt stress

With 200 mmol/L NaCl treatment on barley cultivar “Jian 4” (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. J4) seedlings for 6 d, the contents of covalently and noncovalently conjugated polyamines (PAs) and activities of H⁺-ATPase in plasma membrane (PM) vesicles isolated from the roots decreased remarkably. Moreover, the activity of Na⁺/H⁺ antiport was detected first in PM vesicles. The results showed that the decrease in the contents of membrane phospholipid, noncovalently conjugated PAs and activity of H⁺-ATPase caused by NaCl could be restored partially by application of 1 mmol/L stearie acid (C_16:0) and linoleic acid (C_18:2), and C_18:2 was more effective than C_16:0 In addition, a reduction in the contents of covalently conjugated PAs was only reversed partially in the presence of C_18:2 Furthermore, Na⁺/H⁺ antiport activity was strengthened by exogenous C_16:0 and C_18:2 and C_18:2 was more effective than C_16:0. The correlative analysis suggested that, after application of C_16:0 and C_18:2 under salt stress, there was a significant positive correlation existing among phospholipid content, noncovalently conjugated PA levels, H⁺-ATPase activities and Na⁺/H⁺ antiport activities, indicating that one of the mitigative mechanisms of exogenous fatty acids on salt injury was to improve membrane phospholipid and PA contents, leading to an enhance in membrane integrity and a change in charge status of PM vesicles, so the activity of membrane-associated enzyme H⁺-ATPase was increased and synthesis of Na⁺/H⁺ antiport protein was activated.     

Export of particulate organic carbon estimated from234Th-238U disequilibria and its temporal variation in the South China Sea

Activities of²³⁴Th and nutrient concentrations in the upper 500 m water column were measured at a time-series station in the South China Sea over a time span of 12.3 d. Results showed a reduction of dissolved²³⁴Th and an overall increase of particulate²³⁴Th during the period. Meanwhile, activities of total²³⁴Th kept fairly constant, implying rapid transformation of²³⁴Th between the dissolved and particulate forms. Vertical profiles of total²³⁴Th showed evident deficit of²³⁴Th relative to²³⁸U in the upper 500 m water column. Using an irreversible steady-state model of thorium scavenging, export fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) corresponding to time pointsT ₁ andT ₂ were estimated to be 46.5 and 13.1 mmolC · m⁻² · d⁻¹. It was demonstrated that the estimation of POC export was greatly dependent on the POC/²³⁴Th_P ratios and the bias caused by the different models of²³⁴Th scavenging, however, was considered to be of minor importance.     

14C measurement of forest soils in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

Organic carbon in forest soils of Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles can be divided into fast and slow components. Δ 14C values of these profiles decrease with increasing of depth. The Δ 14C values in 30-40 cm depth interval of Wukesong profile are decreasing sharply until a very low value, showing that a strong geological environment change occurred about 1 560 years ago. The 14C apparent ages of Wukesong profile show that the coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests around Wukesong profile have been developing since 425 a BP, which is consistent with historical documents. The penetrating depths of "bomb 14C" in Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles are 10 and 20 cm, respectively.     

Effect of MTEC1 on the functional expression of TCRaβ+ 3G11− 6C10− CD4+ CD8− thymocyte subset

A murine CD4⁺ thymocyte subset with phenotype of TCRαβ⁺ 3G11⁻ 6C10⁻ CD4⁺ CD8⁻ CD69^+/- HSA^med/lo contains the cells in relatively functional matured status. The functional property of the cells in this subset is characterized by the unique pattern of cytokine production at transitional stage from Th0 to Th2 type with the latter being the dominant type. After being co-cultured with murine thymic medullary epithelial cell line (MTEC1) cells, a murine thymic medullary type epithelial cell line, the TCRαβ⁺ 3G11⁻ 6C10⁻ CD4⁺ CD8⁻ CD69^+/- HSA^med/lo thymocytes, has exhibited significantly higher levels of proliferation capability and IL-6 production, whereas the production of IL-4 and IL-10 is suppressed after co-culturing with MTECl. By contrast, MTECl could not induce thymocytes to secrete Thl type of cytokines. The results suggest that MTECl can regulate functional status of this thymocyte subset and induce them to develop into a specialized Th2 subset.     

Na+-K+-ATP酶的π-演算语义及验证

给出了Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶跨越细胞膜同时主动向胞内运转钾离子和向胞外运转钠离子这一生化过程的π-演算模型及该模型的Spin验证. 证明了用过程代数的方法表示以“相互通讯”和“可移动”为主要特征的生物系统并模拟其行为的可行性.      

The40Ar/39Ar age record of formation and uplift of the blueschists and eclogites in the western Tianshan Mountains

The⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages indicate that the eclogite facies rocks of the Hasiate slice in the western Tianshan Mountains were formed at the early stage of Devonian (401 Ma) and had been uplifted to the greenschist facies tectonic level in the middle stage of Devonian (381 Ma). The formation and uplift of the blueschists of the Akesayi slice are constrained to the late stage of Devonian (370-364 Ma). The different tectonic slices in the high-pressure metamorphic belt have experienced the different uplift history.