青藏措勤盆地下白垩统则弄群火山岩岩石地球化学特征

青藏高原措勤盆地早白垩世火山活动十分强烈,则弄群火山岩主要分布在措勤盆地中央隆起带的冈底斯构造岩浆岩带中,则弄群以安山岩—英安岩—流纹岩钙碱性系列火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩为主,盆地北部坳陷带中火山活动相对较弱,见有少量玄武安山岩、安山岩。则弄群火山岩岩石化学、地球化学特征分析表明,该火山岩形成于岛弧区构造环境中,这与古特提斯洋壳沿雅鲁藏布江结合带向北俯冲作用有关     

塔里木板块东南缘早二叠世角闪石岩的发现及大地构造意义

甘肃大红山北角闪石岩体是塔里木板块东部新发现的一类镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体,通过野外观察、岩矿鉴定及地球化学研究,发现其岩浆分异不明显、岩石类型单一、组分为角闪石岩、全岩,w(SiO_2)=41.64%~50.83%、w(K_2O)/w(Na_2O)=0.45~0.66、w(K_2O)+w(Na_2O)=1.02%~2.81%,属亚碱性拉斑玄武岩系列,具有岛弧环境地球化学特征.采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法获得年龄为273.6土4.8Ma.反映早二叠世受北侧古亚洲洋的汇聚碰撞,塔里木板块东南缘处于汇聚碰撞的岛弧环境向相对稳定的后造山环境方向演化阶段.     

海南枫木地区基性岩的年代学、地球化学及其构造意义

海南岛地处印支陆块和华南陆块的交界地带,具有复杂的构造演化史,其构造属性及其拼合历史一直备受争议。通过野外调查发现,在海南岛琼中枫木地区斑状花岗岩内夹持有基性岩。该基性岩的主要组成矿物为斜长石、角闪石和辉石。LA-ICP-MS锆石定年结果显示该基性岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(240.3±2.6)Ma,代表了其形成年龄。主、微量元素和同位素地球化学结果显示,样品Si O2变化于48.99%~56.00%之间,大部分样品高K2O(1.90%~3.94%)、Al2O3(14.56%~17.77%)含量和K2O/Na2O(0.58~1.32)比值。样品有较高的稀土元素总量(∑REE=214.7~522.7μg/g),显示出右倾岛弧型稀土元素配分模,其(La/Yb)N=11.2~31.1,(Gd/Yb)N=2.0~4.0,δEu=0.7~1.1。样品富集大离子亲石元素、亏损Nb、Ta和Ti等高场强元素,具有较低的Nd同位素组成(εNd(t)=-1.05~-2.53)。综合分析表明,枫木地区基性岩源于受到俯冲沉积物和板片流体交代改造的富集地幔,形成于古特提斯洋俯冲格局下华南与印支陆块间碰撞后伸展构造背景,暗示240Ma左右华南和印支陆块之间的拼合已趋结束。     

新疆温泉县卓勒萨依一带乌郎组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其构造意义

卓勒萨依一带的乌郎组火山岩位于温泉县城东南25km处,岩石类型主要为安山岩和流纹岩,火山岩浆具有由酸性—中性—酸性演化的特点,以裂隙式喷发类型为主。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(293±3)Ma(MSWD=0.34、Probability=0.997),时代为早二叠世早期。该火山岩里特曼指数(σ)为1.71~2.60;碱度率(AR)为2.13~2.85,K2O/Na2O比值为0.31~1.83,属钙碱性系列。Nb/Ta值为18.65~22.85,略高于原始地幔值,Zr/Hf值为28.54~41.08,与原始地幔值相近。RbN/YbN比值为9.82~20.04,大于1,属于强不相容元素富集分配形式。稀土总量∑REE为 (118.41~194.70)×10-6;(Ce/Yb)N值为2.55~3.70,(La/Yb)N值为2.98~4.17,均大于1,属于轻稀土富集型,且轻稀土分馏明显;δEu值为0.19~0.59,远小于1,显示为负铕异常,铕亏损明显。根据相关构造环境判别图解,结合火山岩的地球化学特征及其所处的区域地质背景,认为在早二叠世发生大规模的陆陆叠覆造山作用,卓勒萨依一带火山活动较强烈,所反映的构造环境为陆内岛弧造山带火山岩环境。     

新疆东天山金滩金矿区安山岩岩石学、地球化学及地质意义

新疆金滩金矿发育一套与成矿密切相关的安山岩,对该安山岩元素质量分数和相关性进行分析。研究结果表明:安山岩中锆石结构以及Th和U的质量分数之比ω(Th)/ω(U)(0.30~1.02)均显示其为岩浆成因,锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为(303.65±4.8)Ma,代表安山岩形成时代;安山岩ω(Si O_2)为54.29%~69.05%,ω(Al_2O_3)为11.27%~19.46%,全碱ω(K_2O+Na_2O)为2.46%~6.81%,ω(Mg O)为3.60%~10.45%,Mg指数为46~66。安山岩轻稀土元素(LREE)富集、轻重稀土元素分异作用明显,绝大多数样品具中等Eu负异常(δω(Eu)=0.44~0.77)和轻微Ce负异常(δω(Ce)=0.93~0.98),富集K,Rb,Ba,Th和U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb和Ti等高场强元素;岩浆经历了分离结晶作用,且发生部分熔融;安山岩可能是康古尔塔格洋向南俯冲,洋壳脱水进入地幔楔,被俯冲流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融,同时产生结晶分异作用而形成,而且遭受明显的陆壳物质混染;东天山地区在晚石炭世依旧存在康古尔洋的俯冲消减作用。     

青海玉树赵卡隆铁铜多金属矿床安山岩地球化学特征及其成因

赵卡隆铁铜多金属矿区发育一套与成矿密切相关的安山岩。为了研究其成因,对安山岩的主量、微量、稀土元素及同位素进行分析。研究结果表明:安山岩以英安岩类为主,主成分以低硅(SiO2质量分数为47.79%~61.51%,平均为55.41%)、高铝(Al2O3质量分数为15.44%)、高钠(Na2O平均质量分数为4.81%)、低钾(K2O平均质量分数为1.60%)含量为特征,岩石分异指数(DI)为39.63~72.52,火山岩QAPF图落入英安岩、安山岩区;轻稀土元素富集,Eu无异常,Ce呈弱的负异常,Y和Yb元素有显著的亏损(w(Y)<20μg/g,w(Yb)<1.93μg/g);硫同位素比值δ34SCDT范围为-1.60‰~15.32‰;地球化学数据分析显示出其大洋安山岩的特征,属于亚碱性-拉斑玄武岩系列,喷发环境为海相,具有岛弧安山岩的性质及弧后扩张盆地火山岩的双重性质;微量元素以富集大离子亲石元素和亏损高场强元素为特征,且高场强元素的比值(w(Zr)/w(Nb),w(Hf)/w(Ta))具有类似MORB的特性;安山岩构造位置应偏于岛弧中的内弧火山活动,安山岩岩浆应为地幔来源,并混染了大陆壳物质,为壳幔两种岩浆混合的产物,其形成与岛弧东侧的大洋消减作用及岛弧西侧的弧后扩张作用有关;安山岩虽然在某种程度上表现出岛弧安山岩的特征,但实际揭示了弧后扩张盆地的大地构造背景。     

塔里木-中朝板块北缘的志留纪岛弧公婆泉群火山岩地质地球化学及构造意义

公婆泉群位于北山中部，可分为：北、南两带。南带为弧后盆地玄武岩-安山岩组合，北带为岛弧火山岩组合，西段窑洞努如为火山角砾岩和熔火山角砾岩组合，中段公婆泉一带为玄武岩-安山岩-流纹岩-粗面岩组合，东段东七一山地区为玄武岩-安山岩-流纹岩组合。岩石组合，地球化学综合分析认为，公婆泉群是中-晚志留世哈萨克斯坦板块俯冲与塔里木-中朝板块的产物。岛弧西段窑洞努如位于近大陆或者在水下陆壳。公婆泉位于近海沟陆壳，而东七一山则远离海沟，是在洋壳的基础上发育的。说明塔里木-中朝板块是一个统一的板块，同时在早古生代存在哈萨克斯坦板块向塔里木-中朝板块的俯冲。     

一种新的构造岩浆类型——滞后型弧火山的特征

腾冲火山群喷发于晚上新世—晚更新世，为典型的钙碱性系列玄武岩—安山岩—英安岩组合。火山作用可能与Ｋ２未怒江洋壳俯冲作用有关，但火山喷发时这一地区已为大陆板内环境，弧火山的形成至少在俯冲作用停止以后６０Ｍａ，属于一种新的火山作用类型—滞后型弧火山。     

北祁连造山带泥盆纪老君山群物源及构造背景分析

北祁连在泥盆纪经俯冲碰撞造山作用使得古祁连山体整体抬升,并沿造山带北麓及山间盆地形成了巨厚碎屑沉积。本文以北祁连泥盆纪老君山群出露点碎屑岩为研究对象,通过碎屑岩的碎屑组分和地球化学特征分析,探讨其物源区特征和盆地类型。研究认为,北祁连西部剖面砂岩的石英含量4.2%~27.8%,长石含量4.9%~36.2%,岩屑含量非常高,达44.3%~90.3%,砂岩类型主要为岩屑砂岩,岩屑类型以基性-酸性火山岩屑为主,说明西部剖面碎屑岩具有岛弧火山岩特征;东部剖面砂岩的石英含量6.58%~76.12%,长石含量5.32%~24.12%,岩屑含量16.23%~75.45%,岩屑组分为沉积岩岩屑、火山岩岩屑和变质岩岩屑,说明东部碎屑岩的源岩复杂,符合碰撞造山带性质。老君山群碎屑岩化学特征指标为:Al2O3/SiO2值为0.115 2~0.243,K2O/Al2O3值为0.072 5~0.229 4,K2O/Na2O值为0.179~1.8105,LREE/HREE值为2.33~4.92,Eu/Eu*值为0.46~0.82,各项地化参数分布范围均较广,由物源判别图分析可知,研究区西部物源来自于岛弧,而东部物源来自造山带。因此,由碎屑岩物质组分及其地球化学特征可知,泥盆纪北祁连造山带西部老君山群的盆地类型是与俯冲岛弧相关的弧前盆地,而东部则是与碰撞造山有关的前陆盆地。     

班公湖-怒江缝合带西段特提斯洋盆南向俯冲的地球化学和年代学证据

对西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带西段南侧纳屋错地区盐湖复式岩体的岛弧型岩浆岩岩基开展岩石地球化学和锆石U-Pb测龄分析研究,为班公湖-怒江洋盆的南向俯冲消减提供岩石学和年代学证据。岩石地球化学分析表明,侵入岩的岩性为酸性到基性,属于中-高钾钙碱性岩;火山岩的岩性主要为中性和基性的安山岩和玄武岩,属亚碱性范围的中钾钙碱性岩,说明侵入岩和火山岩都归类于典型的岛弧型岩浆岩。岛弧型侵入岩富集大离子不相容元素Rb、K、Pb、Th、Sr,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、P,说明其具备岛弧型岩浆岩的痕量元素特征,为缝合带南向俯冲阶段岩浆作用的产物;稀土元素组合特征说明岛弧型侵入岩源于下地壳部分熔融。进一步的岩石成因研究发现火山岩产生于火山弧环境,由俯冲洋壳上部局部熔融形成的岩浆向上侵位并喷发形成,侵入岩为上地幔玄武岩浆与下地壳熔融而形成的产物。锆石U-Pb LA-ICPMS测龄结果显示岛弧型岩浆岩体的加权平均年龄在晚白垩世(约93.0Ma B.P.)到早白垩世(约114.7Ma B.P.),说明俯冲消减时间至少持续了21.7Ma,体现出随时代从早到晚,岩浆岩从中钾钙碱性岩向高钾钙碱性岩、岩性从中性向酸性演化的趋势。通过分析认为班公湖-怒江缝合带很可能存在多期次俯冲和多条洋内俯冲带,特提斯洋盆的属性为一系列局限性小洋盆。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that