边缘检测算子及其在结构光三维重构技术中的应用

研究了几种经典的图像边缘检测算子,并利用这些算子进行图像的边缘检测,总结出相对比较有效的图像边缘检测算子——坎尼边缘算子。最后利用坎尼边缘算子实现畸变图像特征参数提取,为结构光三维重构系统提供依据。     

基于模糊集的车牌提取方法

利用了车牌的颜色特征与纹理特征,提出一种新的基于模糊集的车牌提取方法.该方法用图像颜色对区域检测、颜色对边缘检测、色度峰值统计及密集小边缘增强,使用模糊集算子综合它们的结果,精确提取出车牌.实验结果表明:对在不同条件下拍摄的图像应用本方法,车牌提取准确率达到98.0%.特别地对光照不均、背景复杂的图像,本方法仍具有很强的鲁棒性.     

一种基于偏微分方程的形态学边缘检测新方法

提出一种基于偏微分方程(PDE)的形态学腐蚀算子．在边缘检测中，直接对原图像求取一阶差分，利用该形态学腐蚀算子增强边缘梯度、降低噪声的影响，突破了传统的先低通滤波后计算梯度的边缘检测思路．形态学运算不会带来边缘位置的偏移，因此能够对图像的边缘准确定位，同时具有抗噪性．将新方法的边缘检测性能和Canny算子、Log算子做了比较，结果表明提出的边缘定位方法更加准确，具有更好的抗噪性能．     

一种基于FFT图像边缘检测算法的改进

因传统Canny算子在图像边缘检测应用中无法取得理想效果,故提出利用有较好抑制噪声作用的FFT,实现增强图像的功能,再采用传统的Canny算子,提取原始图像边缘的方法,算法综合了两者的优点．实验结果表明,采用改进算法有效地增强了边缘检测的准确性,取得了比较理想的边缘检测效果．     

灰熵加权关联分析的亚像素边缘提取算法

随着油气田开发难度的不断增加,对油井管套损情况的检测越来越重要,通过对油井管套损图像进行边缘检测可便捷地判断出套损程度。为了更精确地定位图像边缘,提出了一种灰熵加权关联分析的亚像素边缘检测算法。首先,采用灰熵加权关联分析对图像边缘进行粗定位,检测出有效的边缘点,再利用Zernike矩算子对其进行亚像素边缘精准提取,从而达到边缘的精确定位。仿真实验表明该方法具有较好的检测效果,为套损检测提供了指导作用。     

基于小波变换的模极大值图像边缘检测算法

将小波分析技术运用到图像边缘检测中以勾勒图像轮廓，提出了基于小波变换的模极大值边缘检测算法．利用二次B样条小波和Mallat算法对图像进行了边缘检测．仿真结果表明：该方法去噪效果好，能提取图像中较弱的边缘，且边缘具有很强的连续性，明显优于传统的边缘检测算子．     

基于Canny算子和Hough变换的夜间车道线检测

针对夜间只有车灯照射路面图像整体较暗、光照不均匀、车道线不易检测的问题,提出了一种夜间车道线识别方法。首先,对预处理后的图像采用Laplacian算子进行边缘增强;然后,结合Otsu算法进行Canny边缘检测,再在边缘图像底部1/3区域中利用Hough变换进行直线拟合;最后,在斜率约束的基础上提出了一种内侧车道线提取算法,实现了车辆所在车道内侧车道线的检测。针对多种夜间车道线图像进行实验,结果表明,该算法准确提取出了内侧车道线。提出的方法能克服图像较暗和光照不均的影响,排除旁侧车道线、护栏等的干扰,有助于夜间车辆各行其道。     

基于多尺度轮廓结构元素的数学形态学边缘检测

针对边缘检测算子对噪声敏感的缺点,提出了基于多尺度轮廓结构元素的数学形态学边缘检测算子.该算子采用多尺度轮廓结构元素的开运算和闭运算去除噪声,用小尺度轮廓结构元素提取图像的边缘,降低了结构元素对边缘检测的影响,实现了边缘的准确定位.仿真实验表明,该边缘检测算子定位准确,保留了更多的图像细节,具有更强的去除噪声能力.     

基于图像不变矩特征和BP神经网络的车型分类方法

文中提出了一种基于图像分析的车型分类方法。首先,根据视频序列图像建立路面背景,利用背景差分将图象中的车辆区域分割出来,计算车辆区域的不变矩特征量。为了加快特征的提取,利用Canny算子检测车辆区域的边缘,提取出车辆轮廓,直接计算车辆轮廓的矩不变量作为车型分类的特征量。然后建立具有3层结构的BP神经网络,将不变矩特征量作为神经网络的输入,根据神经网络的输出实现车型的分类。试验证实了该方法的有效性。     

一种结合数学形态学和LOG算子的遥感图像边缘检测方法

提出了一种结合数学形态学和LOG算子的遥感图像边缘检测算法,该算法可有效地解决在混合噪声及复杂细节环境下的遥感图像地物边缘信息的检测．该算法首先利用中值滤波消除原始图像的非高斯噪声,并采用数学形态学进一步消噪及增强地物间的对比度;然后采用LOG（LaplacianofGassian）算子对处理后遥感图像进行边缘信息检测．实验结果表明,提出的方法能有效地提取遥感图像地物边缘信息．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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