国立科研机构科技评价比较研究：基于机构战略定位的视角

从机构战略定位的视角出发,选取了德国马普学会、弗劳恩霍夫协会、美国能源部国家实验室和日本产业技术综合研究所四个具有代表性的国立科研机构,比较了不同战略定位类型的国立科研机构科技评价的特点,并结合中国科学院的评价实践,探讨了我国国立科研机构通过科技评价促进战略定位实现所面临的问题与挑战。     

国内外国立科研机构与区域创新体系协同模式比较研究

该文对所选取的国内外具有代表性的国立科研机构与区域创新体系协同模式进行调研,主要从国立科研机构的基础服务协同模式、与其他主体的协同模式和特色协同模式三个方面展开,总结每一家被调研机构的特色协同模式并以图例展示,最后通过对比分析,得出国内外国立科研机构与区域创新体系协同模式的异同:被调研的国内外国立科研机构在基础服务协同模式来的表现差别不大;从与其他主体的协同模式上来看,政府、高校和企业为国立科研机构的主要协同主体;从特色协同模式来看,被调研的国立科研机构在基本支撑服务之外,又以独特的方式在各自所属的区域创新体系中发挥作用。最后就我国国立科研机构在区域创新体系中的协同作用提出建议。     

国立科研机构信息生态构成研究

国立科研机构是承担国家科技发展任务的重要力量。国立科研机构的"人"、"信息"和"信息环境"构成了国立科研机构的"信息生态",其中的"人"包括科研机构所有成员;"信息"包括科研机构外部信息(政治、经济、文化信息,以及科学范式、进展、合作信息)和内部信息(科研条件、人事、资产财务、评估和监督信息);"信息环境"包括作用于所有信息的管理文化、沟通机制、技术条件、安全保障。本文以国立科研机构"人"、"信息"及"信息环境"构成要素为基础,提出了国立科研机构急需数字化转型、充分利用数字技术来提高信息的获取、传送、分析能力的建议。     

国立科研机构培养使用战略人才的国际经验及启示

 国立科研机构是国家战略科技力量的重要组成部分,是战略人才的聚集地,在培养使用战略人才方面肩负重任。提出了国立科研机构战略人才具有层次性、集中性、差异性、组织性的特征,分析了面向世界科学前沿、面向国家战略需求、面向产业和市场发展需求三大类国立科研机构在战略人才培养使用方面的国际经验,并结合中国国立科研机构培养使用战略人才现状,提出了中国应发挥国立科研机构在培养使用战略人才方面的主力军作用,探索建立与使命定位相适应的战略人才分类培养使用模式,建立更加开放的培养使用战略人才机制等建议。     

考虑作战行动的单兵系统体系贡献率评估

针对单兵系统体系贡献率评估过程中存在的未考虑作战任务及评估信息不确定性等问题,提出了基于作战行动的两级证据推理评估方法,从基于能力需求的视角进行作战任务分解和能力分析,建立了作战能力需求指标体系;建立两级置信规则库,构建作战活动与能力需求的映射矩阵,采用证据推理进行能力满足度、作战任务完成率的计算,获得了单兵系统的体系贡献率,最后基于城市作战战场想定,给出了分析实例。基于作战行动的两级证据推理评估方法,对于单兵系统体系贡献率评估具有针对性和有效性,也为装备体系贡献率评估提供了一种新思路。     

英、美国立医学科研机构绩效评价体系的比较及借鉴

 国立医学科研机构指由国家建立并资助的医学科研机构,其有组织、规模化地开展科研活动,如美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）和英国医学理事会（MRC）。2013年以来,中国也相继在11个疾病领域建设起32个国家临床医学研究中心（NCRC）,旨在强化中国医学创新能力、加快卫生健康科技成果转化、提升基层医疗服务水平。科学的绩效评价是引导和推动国立医学科研机构建设、发展的重要手段。本研究概述了NIH与MRC的绩效评价体系,介绍了两种评价体系的评价内容与指标框架,在对比的基础上,提出了中国临床医学研究中心的绩效管理工作的建议。     

论新形势下所级图书馆的定位和发展

以中国科学院力学研究所图书馆为例,论述了所级图书馆在新形势下的特点．和定位,针对图书馆面临的问题,提出了图书馆的发展策略。     

基于作战环和自信息量的装备体系贡献率评估方法

针对信息化条件下作战体系中装备种类繁多、关系复杂的问题,从体系效能视角出发,提出一种基于作战环和自信息量的装备体系贡献率评估方法.将装备和关联关系抽象为节点和边,根据节点的战技指标确定边的度量指标,构建基于作战环的作战体系网络模型;根据各目标节点参与的作战环数量及其效能提出基于自信息量的作战体系效能评估方法,建立装备体系贡献率评估模型.以某反航母作战体系为例进行分析,结果表明所提方法充分考虑了各装备和关联关系的异质性与不确定性,能够全面客观地评估装备体系贡献率,为装备立项论证和作战体系优化提供方法支撑.     

版式电子文档表格自动检测与性能评估

针对版式电子文档的特点, 提出一种表格线分割符和表格文本的布局特征相结合的表格定位方法, 并且对中英文档均有效。此外, 针对缺少表格定位自动评估体系, 构建了一个初具规模的公开数据集, 由中英文版式页面等比例组成, 对其标注基准结果, 并针对移动阅读应用场景提出一套评估准则。通过与现有两个开源表格定位项目的比较, 验证了新提出的表格定位方法的有效性和评估体系的实用性, 特别是对中文数据集获得了较好的结果。     

基于神经网络的Wi-Fi室内定位安全性问题研究

针对现有的基于深度学习的室内定位解决方案容易受到无线接入点AP攻击的问题,提出了基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的室内定位框架,构建了一种基于深度学习的Wi-Fi指纹室内安全定位系统(DS-LocCNN),使得多建筑和多楼层在面对恶意攻击时的定位精度得到了保证．通过在UJIIndoorLoc数据集上评估此系统,证明了所提出的DS-LocCNN能很好地抵御基于AP的恶意攻击,且在建筑级定位和楼层级定位上的成功率优于现有的解决方案．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has