杉木杂种群体分子框架遗传连锁图初报

利用随机扩增ＤＮＡ多态性分子遗传标记－ＲＡＰＤ,以杉木Ｊ０和Ｆ１１两个亲本杂交形成的Ｆ１群体为作图群体,从１０４０个随机引物中筛选出７８个引物,对７８个Ｆ１群体及双亲样本进行了ＲＡＰＤ扩增,共获得１２９个ＲＡＰＤ标记,首次构建了杉木分子遗传连锁框架图,其中Ｊ０亲本包含８个连锁群,标记覆盖的基因组总长度约为５９５．２ｃＭ,Ｆ１１亲本包含４个连锁群,标记覆盖的基因组总长度约为３１５．３ｃＭ。１２９个ＲＡＰＤ标记中偏分离标记占１４．７％。本图谱为构建饱和的杉木分子遗传图谱提供了框架结构,为进一步开展杉木分子遗传方面的研究奠定了基础。     

鉴定与水稻光敏核不育基因pms3连锁的AFLP-RFLP标记

运用 ＡＦＬＰ技术对农垦 ５８Ｓ×１５１４的 Ｆ２代群体构建的极端集团进行了分析,在 ２５３对ＡＦＬＰ引物中,９１％具有多态性带,有２０对引物扩增到了阳性带．阳性带经克隆后用作ＲＦＬＰ探针进行极端集团分析,其中４个具有多态性带．２个（Ｆ３和Ｖ４）表现为阳性带．Ｆ２代不育群体ＲＦＬＰ分析结果显示,Ｆ３和Ｖ４两个标记与第１２染色体上的光敏核不育基因ｐｍｓ３连锁．通过极大似然法估算,Ｆ３和Ｖ４标记距光敏核不育基因ｐｍｓ３的遗传距离分别为５.８０ｃＭ和７．７５ ｃＭ．     

猕猴属种间及亚种间RAPD分析

应用ＲＡＰＤ技术分析了猕猴属（Ｍａｃａｃａ）种间和亚种间６个分类群之间的遗传多态性,共筛选出１６个随机引物每个分类群平均获得７７个遗传标记,根据遗传距离构建了系统发育进化树,结果显示从ＲＡＰＤ数据分析得到的６个分类群的相互关系与形态、同功酶、ｍｔＤＮＡ的研究结果基本一致．表明ＲＡＰＤ技术适用于猕猴属中近缘种间和亚种间的分类分析．     

与SMV抗性基因Rsa连锁的一个共显性SCAR标记

将ＲＡＰＤ标记转换为ＳＣＡＲ标记是更到更为可靠而有有标记的有效方法，应用集群分离体分析（ＢＳＡ）方法，筛选了９００个１００个碱基随机引物，得到了２个与单显性大豆花叶病毒抗性基因Ｒｓａ连锁的显性ＲＡＰＤ标记ＯＰＡＳ－０６１８００和ＯＰＷ－０５６００，将与Ｒｓａ连锁距离较近的ＯＰＷ－０５６６０克隆并测定ＤＮＡ序列，根据这个序列的两端设计了１对特异的寡聚核苷酸引物，用这对引物进行扩增，在抗感亲本间观察到     

利用RAPD标记鉴定芥菜(Brasica juncea Cos.)品种(英文)

从６０种１０ｂｐ随机引物中筛选出７种引物,对８个芥菜变种的１６个品种（每个变种有２个品种）进行了随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）鉴定,能快速、灵敏、较为简便获得了１６个芥菜品种的基因组ＤＮＡ指纹图谱．结果表明,不同引物在１６个品种上都有其特征ＤＮＡ带,一般只有１条,少数有２条．在同１个变种的２个品种之间存在着丰富的ＲＡＰＤ标记,通过比较２个品种各自独具的ＲＡＰＤ标记,就可明确地将２个品种区分．在所用的７种引物中,没有１种能同时将８对芥菜品种全部区分开,但用２种或２种以上的引物就完全可以将８对芥菜品种全部区分开．     

杨树和马尾松遗传图谱构建研究

<正>杨树和马尾松遗传图谱构建研究@尹佟明$南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院马尾松;;杨树;;作图群体;;随机扩增片段长度多态性（ＲＡＰＤ）;;扩增酶切片段长度多态性（ＡＦＬＰ）;;连锁图谱GENETIC MAP CONSTRUCTION IN MASSON PINE AND POPLAR ....     

RAPD分析在诸葛菜与太白诸葛菜种间正反交杂种中的应用

用２０个随机序列的寡聚核苷酸作为引物，对诸葛菜９５００２和太白诸葛菜９５－４９及其种间正反杂种进行ＲＡＰＤ分析，９个引物的扩增产物在９５００２和９５－４９间相似率为４８．１％，差异较大，在其正反交杂中相似率为９６．６％，差异不明显，ＲＡＰＤ产物在亲子间的传递符合孟德尔遗传，这一种间正反交系统可用于多态性引物的选择。     

应用Bulked-DNA寻找白菜型油菜核雄性不育基因的RAPD标记

采用随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）标记方法从白菜型油菜核不育两用系中筛选出了一个与白菜型 油菜育性基因连锁的ＲＡＰＤ标记。该ＤＮＡ片段大小约０．７２ｋｂ,与育性基因之间的遗传连锁距离为６．０８ｃＭ,ＬＯＤ值为９．１０。     

尾叶桉和细叶桉无性系的RAPD指纹图谱构建

利用ＲＡＰＤ分子标记技术对来自９个起源地点的尾叶桉（ＥｕｃａｌｙｐｔｕｓｕｒｏｐｈｌａＳ．Ｔ．Ｂｌａｋｅ）和细叶桉（Ｅ．ｔｅｒｅｔｉｃｏｒｎｉｓＳｍｉｔｈ）共２２个无性系的研究表明,１３个引物共扩增出１１０个位点,多态性位点９１个,在起源地点间差异显著的多态性位点２５个,各无性系有其特异的ＲＡＰＤ扩增谱带。利用多态性位点的数据矩阵,计算了各无性系间的遗传距离,并构建了无性系间的遗传关系聚类图。     

EXPERIMENTSTUDYONTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENKINKANDMYLONITE

ＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＫＩＮＫＡＮＤＭＹＬＯＮＩＴＥＬｕｈｕａｆｕ１）ＳｈｉＨｕｏｓｈｅｎｇ１）Ｃ．Ｊ．Ｌ．ＷＩＬＳＯＮ２）（１）ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥａｒｔｈＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｎａｎｊｉ...     

Fine mapping of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ht2 (Helminthosporium turcicum</Emphasis> resistance 2) gene in maize

Fine mapping of Helminthosporium turcicum resistance gene Ht2 is extremely valuable for map-based cloning of the Ht2 gene,gaining a better knowledge of the distribution of resistance genes in maize genome and marker-assisted selection in maize breeding.An F2 mapping population was developed from a cross between a resistant inbred line 77Ht2 and a susceptible inbred line Huobai.With the aid of RFLP marker analyses,the Ht2 gene was mapped between the RFLP markers UMC89 and BNL2.369on chromosome 8,with a genetic distance of 0.9cM to BNL2.369.There was a linkage between SSR markers UMC1202,BNLG1152,UMC1149 and the Ht2 gene by SSR assay,Among the SSR markers,the genetic distance between UMC1149 and the Ht2 gene was 7.2cM,By bulked segregant analysis 7 RAPD-amplified products which were probably linked to the Ht2 gene were selected after screening 450 RAPD primers and converted the single-copy ones into SCAR markers.Linkage analysis showed that the genetic distance between the SCAR marker SD-06633 and the Ht2 gene was 0.4cM.From these results,a part of linkage map around the Ht2 gene was constructed.     

Localization of genes for lateral branch and female sex expression and construction of a molecular linkage map in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. ) with RAPD markers

A cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L. ) molecular linkage map, including 79 random-amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD)and two genes , lb for lateral branch and f for female sex expression, is constructed from a cross between a line, S52, with weak lateral growing ability and staminate from Dabieshan Mountains area in China and another line, S06, with strong lateral growing ability and gynoecious from Europe. The map contains nine linkage groups and spans 1110.0 cM with an average distance of 13.7 cM between loci. The lb locus is located in a longer linkage group LG-2 and flanked by two markers, OP-Q5-1 and OP-M-2-2, at 9.3 cM and 15.9 cM, respectively. In the meantime, the RAPD loci, OP-Q5-2 and BC151, in a short linkage group were found to flank f at 13.7 cM and 13.4 cM,respectively. The construction of RAPD map has paved a way for further study of the genes for lateral branch, female sex expression and other agronomic traits in cucumber.     

Characterization and molecular marker screening of a rice bacteria-resistant gene Xa-min(t)

To test the resistant spectrum of the Xa-min(t) gene introgressed from Oryza minuta, thirty-four isolates of different bacterial blight pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), from 11 countries were used to inoculate the Xa-min(t) introgression line 78-15. Four rice cultivars, IR24, C64 (IRBB21), Nipponbare and Zhonghua 11 were used as controls. The results showed that the Xa-min(t) gene was broad-spectrum and highly resistant to diverse Xoo isolates. The methods of bulk segregant analysis (BSA), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) were used to analyze F2 individuals of the hybrid IR24×78-15 and molecular genetic markers linked to Xa-min(t) gene were identified. A total of 800 arbitrary decamer oligonucleotide primers were used for RAPD analysis. Two RAPD markers, BE05300 and BE061400, produced by primers BE05 and BE06 respectively, were closely linked to the Xa-min(t) gene. Based on the sequences of these two markers, sequence specific primers were designed and used to screen all F2 plants. One RAPD marker, BE05300, was converted into a stable SCAR marker (ScBE05300). Linkage analysis was carried out using markers ScBE05300 and BE061400 on 948 and 719 F2 individuals of the hybrid IR24×78-15. Our results indicate that the genetic distances from Xa-min(t) to ScBE05300 and BE061400 are 2.2 cM and 3.7 cM respectively on the same side. This study may facilitate the construction of the fine physical map of the Xa-min(t) gene.     

Verification and fine-mapping of QTLs conferring days to flowering in soybean using residual heterozygous lines

The results of QTL mapping based on a primary mapping population should be further verified and refined for its real utilization in marker-assisted selection or map-based cloning.The primary mapping population contains 114 BC1F1 plants of the backcross between Essex (maturity group V,MG V) as the donor parent and ZDD2315 (MG II) as the recurrent parent.In this study,a genetic linkage map with 250 SSR markers spanning a total length of 2963.5 cM on 25 linkage groups (LG) was constructed using software MAPMAK...     

Construction of a genetic map with SRAP markers and localization of the gene responsible for the first-flower-node trait in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an annualclimber originated from the tropic rain forest area inthe south of Himalayas, which belongs to the Cucur bitaceae family. Cucumber is one of the importantvegetables in the world, and its planting area is sec ond only to that of tomato[1]. However genetics re search on cucumber obviously drops behind that of thelatter. The classic genetic map of cucumber, with sixlinkage groups, is composed of more than 100 genesfor color, morphology, and dise…     

Construction of a genetic linkage map for cotton based on SRAP

DNA markers have been widely used in construction of molecular genetic linkage maps in plants. The first genetic linkage map of cotton was constructed by Reinish in 1994 using RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism)[1], which included 705 polymorphic loci on 41 linkage groups with a total length of 4675 cM. Afterwards, several genetic linkage maps were constructed[2—7], but no map is comparable to this one in marker density. A high-density genetic linkage map could be applied effec…     

Construction of AFLP-based genetic linkage maps for the Chinese shrimp Fenneropaeneus chinensis

Fenneropaeneus chinensis is an important species in marine fishery resources and aquaculture in China. A genetic linkage map is essential for improving the efficiency of its breeding by marker-as- sisted selection and identifying commercially important genes. Linkage maps of F. chinensis were constructed with an F2 mapping population (110 progenies) using amplified fragment length polymor- phic (AFLP) marker in this study. Fifty-five AFLP primer combinations produced 532 AFLP markers fitting for map strategy in mapping family. The markers with 3:1 segregating ratios were analyzed using F2 intercross model for the common linkage map, while the markers with 1:1 ratio were analyzed using the pseudo-testcross strategy. The maps of male, female and common were constructed. The female map included 103 markers that formed 28 linkage groups, covering a total length of 1090 cM. All mark- ers were linked with the linkage groups. Segregation distortion was observed for 6 of 103 markers in the female map. The average distance between markers was 14.53 cM and ranged from 4.4 to 24.8 cM. The male map included 144 markers that formed 35 linkage groups. Ten markers remained unlinked in male map. Segregation distortion was observed for 7 of 144 markers in the male map. The total dis- tance of male map covered 1617 cM. The average distance between markers was 16.36 cM. The male map was 32.6% longer than the female map, which may reflect sex-specific recombination rates in Chinese shrimp. The common map was composed of 216 markers, including in 44 linkage groups covering a total distance of 1772.1 cM. Two markers remained unlinked. No distorted markers of 216 markers were shown in the common map. The distance between markers was 10.42 cM. An average estimated genome size for the Chinese shrimp was 2420 cM, which was consistent with the relative size of the Penaeid genome. The distribution of AFLP markers was relatively even in chromosomes of Chi- nese shrimp maps. The linkage analysis presented in this work provided some insight into the level of polymorphism and genetic variation of Chinese shrimp.     

中药溪黄草及其药用近缘种的RAPD分析

运用１４个有效的１０ｍｅｒ寡核苷酸引物对中药溪黄草原植物线纹香茶菜Ｉｓｏｄｏｎｌｏｐｈａｎｔｈｏｉｄｅｓ及其药作近缘种基因组ＤＮＡ进行ＰＣＲ扩增,共检出１９４个位点．其中单态位点１４个,占７２％;多态位点１８０个,占９２８％;分类群特有位点１０８个,占５５７％．用ＵＰＧＭＡ法对分类群间的Ｊａｃａｒｄ相似性系数和遗传距离进行聚类分析．结果表明,狭基线纹香茶菜和细花线纹香茶菜与溪黄草的亲缘关系较近,而溪黄草与线纹香茶菜、狭基线纹香茶菜、细花线纹香茶菜之间的亲缘关系远．可用ＲＡＰＤ技术对中药的正本清源、真伪品及质量进行研究．     

Phenotypic and genetic variation between two populations of the Chinese yellow pond turtle, Mauremys mutica （Cantor, 1842）

Mauremys mutica (Cantor, 1842) is an endangered species in China. Main phenotypic variations in body color, body weight, body shape, clutch size, egg size, and hatchling size were revealed between the southern and northern populations. Both populations have the phenomenon of "larger male" sexual size dimorphism (SSD), especially in the southern population. Furthermore, genetic variations between the two populations were analyzed by RAPD band patterns of 30 random individuals in each population. The average genetic distance was 0.299±0.108 among the samples of two populations. The average genetic distance between southern and northern populations was 0.305±0.046. Cluster analysis indicated that all the individuals from the southern and northern populations were clustered among themselves to form two distinct clades. A total of 20 population-specific RAPD fragments were scored from 16 primers, and could be used as RAPD markers for distinguishing the southern and the northern population. Based on the nucleotide sequences of two RAPD markers, two pairs of SCAR primers (SC1-S and SC2-S) were designed, which could be used as SCAR markers for the southern population. According to the significant phenotypic and genetic variations, we suggested that the northern population and southern population might be considered as two separate taxa, the "northern taxon" and the "southern taxon", and the conservation should be respectively conducted on the two taxa.     

Construction of AFLP-based genetic linkage maps for the Chinese shrimp Fenneropaeneus chinensis

Fenneropaeneus chinensis is an important species in marine fishery resources and aquaculture in China. A genetic linkage map is essential for improving the efficiency of its breeding by marker-assisted selection and identifying commercially important genes. Linkage maps of F. chinensis were constructed with an F2 mapping population （110 progenies） using amplified fragment length polymorphic （AFLP） marker in this study. Fifty-five AFLP primer combinations produced 532 AFLP markers fitting for map strategy in mapping family. The markers with 3：1 segregating ratios were analyzed using F2 intercross model for the common linkage map, while the markers with 1：1 ratio were analyzed using the pseudo-testcross strategy. The maps of male, female and common were constructed. The female map included 103 markers that formed 28 linkage groups, covering a total length of 1090 cM. All markers were linked with the linkage groups. Segregation distortion was observed for 6 of 103 markers in the female map. The average distance between markers was 14.53 cM and ranged from 4.4 to 24.8 cM. The male map included 144 markers that formed 35 linkage groups. Ten markers remained unlinked in male map. Segregation distortion was observed for 7 of 144 markers in the male map. The total distance of male map covered 1617 cM. The average distance between markers was 16.36 cM. The male map was 32.6% longer than the female map, which may reflect sex-specific recombination rates in Chinese shrimp. The common map was composed of 216 markers, including in 44 linkage groups covering a total distance of 1772.1 cM. Two markers remained unlinked. No distorted markers of 216 markers were shown in the common map. The distance between markers was 10.42 cM. An average estimated genome size for the Chinese shrimp was 2420 cM, which was consistent with the relative size of the Penaeid genome. The distribution of AFLP markers was relatively even in chromosomes of Chinese shrimp maps. The linkage analysis presented in this work provided some insight