鄂尔多斯东缘煤储层渗透性主控因素分析与高渗区预测

在煤层气储层渗透性影响因素的分析基础上,通过煤层地应力、热演化程度、埋藏深度与渗透率的相关性分析,探讨渗透率的发育机理,认为煤储层渗透率是煤阶与地应力联合作用的结果,地应力控制煤储层割理开启程度和方向,改变储层的孔隙结构;煤岩热演化通过改变岩石力学性质来控制割理发育,二者共同控制煤储层割理的大小,进而影响煤储层渗透率的发育,而埋藏深度与渗透率相关性不强.选取煤层渗透率主控因素进行研究,以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘二叠系煤层气储层为例,利用多元回归分析的方法建立了“煤阶与地应力”渗透性二元预测模型,对研究区渗透率的发育情况进行了预测.研究表明,地应力控制了渗透率的分布,而煤岩热演化程度对渗透率分布起到一定的调节作用,煤层气储层高渗区主要分布在研究区斜坡带地应力松弛部位,而在应力相对集中深部煤储层为低渗区.     

大宁—吉县地区5号煤层现今地应力预测及其对煤层气开发的影响

现今地应力场对煤储层渗透率具有极其重要的控制作用。我国鄂东大宁-吉县地区煤层气资源丰富,然而该区现今地应力研究程度较低,不利于该地区煤层气的高效开发。为查明大宁-吉县地区主采煤层现今地应力场特征,本次研究利用三维有限元数值模拟方法对下二叠统山西组5# 煤层现今地应力分布进行预测。结果表明,5# 煤层现今地应力表现为正断型应力机制。鄂东大宁-吉县5# 煤层最大水平主应力在15.4～21.6 MPa之间,最小水平主应力在9.8～14.4 MPa之间,构造变形的复杂性会对地应力分布产生影响。现今地应力控制压裂裂缝扩展,研究区现今地应力状态下的压裂裂缝沿着NNW-SSE方向垂直扩展。研究区5# 煤层应力差大部分小于6 MPa,具备形成复杂裂缝网络的地应力基础。煤层渗透率随有效地应力的增大呈指数减小,有效地应力越大,煤储层的渗透性越差。研究区东南部远离断层,又是应力降低区域,煤层气易在此地发生聚集,形成煤层气储藏的丰富区。研究成果可为研究区煤层气效益开发提供地质基础与科学指导。     

煤储层渗透率影响因素

煤储层渗透率对研究煤层气的产出及运移规律有着重要的意义,理清其影响因素对于有效预测煤储层渗透率、寻找有利勘探区具有重要的实际价值。该文从裂隙系统、构造应力、煤岩类型、煤变质程度、煤体结构、温度、有效应力、基质的收缩效应、层理等方面对煤储层渗透性的影响进行了分析,并得出了具有针对性的结论。     

煤储层渗透率动态变化模型与模拟研究

为深入认识开发过程中煤储层渗透率的动态变化特征,修正前人基于有效应力与煤基质收缩耦合影响的煤储层孔隙度和渗透率动态变化理论模型,应用沁水盆地南部生产区块煤层气排采数据及煤储层相关参数,模拟研究区煤层气开发过程中煤储层孔隙度和渗透率动态变化特征,并进行了储层参数敏感性分析。研究表明:煤储层孔隙度和渗透率动态变化具有明显的阶段性,需要建立分阶段预测模型;排采制度合理的情况下,煤储层孔隙度和渗透率会经历先降低后升高的阶段,且随着储层压力的降低,克林肯伯格效应作用明显,气相渗透率增加,煤储层渗透率改善效果明显好于孔隙度改善效果;煤储层渗透率动态变化明显,受控于孔隙压缩系数、弹性模量和朗格缪尔体积,以弹性模量的影响最为显著。     

沁水盆地南部煤层气井生产历史拟合与井网优化研究

以煤储层地质特征和煤层气井生产数据为依据,以沁水盆地南部3口典型压裂直井为例,利用COMET3数值模拟软件对3口煤层气井排采数据进行了反演,确定了煤层气储层的渗透率与含气量等重要的储层参数和工程参数,探讨了煤层气井产能影响因素的敏感性,提供了研究区单井低产能部位煤层气井网部署及优化方案。研究表明：绝对渗透率变化对煤层气单井产能的影响最为显著,相对渗透率曲线形态、含气饱和度与Langumir常数对单井产能的影响依次减弱;井网井距的合理布置可以有效形成区域压降、提高单井产能;研究区低产井周围宜采用煤储层裂隙发     

模拟煤层气储层条件下煤岩渗透性实验研究

储层煤岩特有的割理结构使其渗透性与常规砂岩储层不尽相同,本文以山西沁水盆地3#煤作为实验煤心,实验研究了围压、孔隙压力对煤岩渗透率的综合影响规律,并得到3#煤岩的裂缝体积压缩系数范围。研究表明,流体介质不同,储层煤岩渗透率在压降过程中变化趋势不同;储层煤岩裂缝体积压缩系数在整个煤层气开采过程中并非一恒定值。     

基于煤演化程度的煤储层渗透率发育机理初探

探讨渗透率的发育机理,将为煤层气的勘探选区提供重要的理论基础。本文以煤岩力学性质为切入点,分析了地应力和煤储层渗透性的相关关系,探讨了不同煤阶演化阶段岩石力学参数（弹性模量、泊松比、体积模量）,提出了煤阶与地应力联合作用下的煤储层渗透率的发育特征。研究表明：地应力控制煤储层天然裂隙开启程度和方向,改变储层的孔隙结构;而煤岩热演化可以改变岩石力学性质。二者共同控制煤储层裂隙的大小,进而影响煤储层渗透率的发育。     

淮南矿区煤、气一体化开采技术探讨

通过对淮南矿区煤厚、煤阶、煤岩、围岩的封闭性、煤层气的含量与组分、煤层的渗透性等煤层气资源地质特征的分析 ,认为淮南矿区是具有丰富煤层气资源及良好赋存条件的地区 ;根据矿区高地应力、煤储层低渗透率的特殊性 ,提出了在该地区进行煤、气一体化开采的设想     

阜新盆地刘家区煤层气储层特征及产出特点

在阜新盆地刘家区构造演区及构造特征，煤层发育特征，煤的化学成分及排采试验资料的分析基础上，对研究区煤层气含量，煤的吸附性，煤层渗透率，煤储层压力，临界解吸压力，煤体,层气产出特点进行了综合研究，认为研究区煤层分布广，厚度大，丰度高，煤的吸附能力强；埋深与辉绿岩侵入体是控制煤层气含量的主要因素，成煤后期构造运动是影响储层渗透率的关键因素，煤层气开发有利区应在向斜翼部和岩墙，岩体附近变质程度高的煤区。     

铁法盆地煤层气资源条件及控气地质因素分析

铁法盆地的煤阶为长焰煤,南部地区的煤阶达到了气煤阶段,实测最大渗透率为1.51×10-3m2,平均含气量为5.84cm3/g,煤层气资源量为93.34108m3,煤层气资源条件良好。本文通过对铁法盆地煤层气地质条件和储层条件的深入分析,认为铁法盆地控气的地质因素有三个方面, 构造对煤层的沉积分布、含气量和煤层气资源量具有明显的控制作用;水文地质条件对煤层气具明显的封堵作用;区域浅成岩浆热变质提高了的煤阶、改善了煤储层的渗透性,增大了煤储层的含气量。提出了铁法盆地煤层气勘探开发的首选靶区是西南部的大兴矿一带。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of