分数阶 Fourier 域带限信号多通道采样定理

提出了分数阶 Fourier域带限信号多通道采样定理, 是已有采样定理的广义形式. 利用上述结果, 并结合分数阶Fourier变换所特有的时移相移性质, 得到具有重要应用价值的周期非均匀采样序列重构原始信号的表达式. 此外, 通过设计不同的分数阶 Fourier 域滤波器, 可以得到分数阶 Fourier 域带限信号不同采样策略的重构公式.     

分数阶Fourier域过采样分析

过采样广泛应用于实际数字信号处理过程中。随着分数阶Fourier变换在信号处理领域的不断发展和应用,研究分数阶Fourier域过采样理论就显得十分必要.文中深入研究了分数阶Fourier域的过采样理论:导出了过采样序列与其子序列的分数阶Fourier谱关系;然后利用此关系得到了过采样序列子序列准确重建丢失采样点的表达式.最后以chirp信号为例,利用分数阶Fourier域过采样理论,证明了对于时频分布在分数阶Fourier域具有最小支撑宽度的信号,对其过采样重建更适合在分数阶Fourier域进行。     

抽取和内插的分数阶Fourier域分析

为了节省系统中信号处理的运算量和存储量，常需要对信号进行抽样率转换．分数阶Fourier变换是分析非平稳信号的有力工具，它已在雷达、通信、电子对抗、信息内容安全等领域得到广泛的应用．文中从分数阶Fourier域的采样定理出发，定义了分数阶Fourier域的数字频率，推导了非平稳信号经抽取和内插之后分数阶Fourier谱的表达式，并设计了分数阶Fourier域的去镜像和抗混叠滤波器，进而总结出了非平稳信号经过有理数倍抽样率转换之后其分数阶Fourier谱的变化规律，最后导出了抽取和内插在分数阶Fourier域内的恒等关系．此研究成果为基于分数阶Fourier变换的多抽样信号处理理论体系奠定了基础．仿真实验验证了所提理论的正确性。     

分数阶Fourier变换在信号处理领域的研究进展

分数阶Fourier变换是对经典Fourier变换的推广．最早由Namias以数学形式提出，并很快在光学领域得到了广泛应用．而其在信号处理领域的潜力直到20世纪90年代中期才逐渐得到发掘．尽管分数阶Fourier变换的定义式直观上看仅是chirp基分解，而实质上分数阶Fourier变换更具有时频旋转的特性，它是一种统一的时频变换，随着变换阶数从0连续增长到1而展示出信号从时域逐步变化到频域的所有特征．从信号处理的角度对分数阶Fourier变换的研究进展作全面的总结和系统的归纳，力图将分数阶Fourier变换从定义到应用的全程都清晰地刻画出来，既能为相关的专业研究人员提供参考，又可以为感兴趣的读者提供入门的阶梯．     

基于分数阶Fourier变换的多分量LFM信号的检测和参数估计

提出了一种基于分数阶Fourier变换的多分量LFM信号的检测与参数估计的方法. 针对分数阶Fourier域上的优化搜索问题, 提出了基于拟Newton法的两级搜索算法, 在不影响估计精度的前提下, 降低了计算的复杂度. 对于多分量信号的检测, 提出了分数阶Fourier域上的信号分离技术, 有效地抑制了检测过程中强信号分量对弱信号分量的影响. 并给出了估计误差的统计分析, 使得这一方法在理论上更加趋于完善, 仿真结果也证明了其有效性.     

数字图像纹理细节的分数阶微分检测及其分数阶微分滤波器实现

文中提出并论述数字图像纹理细节的分数阶微分检测及其分数阶微分滤波器实现．首先，分别从信息论和动力学两个角度深刻阐述了分数阶微积分的几何意义和物理意义．然后，提出并论述了分数阶驻点、分数阶平衡系数、分数阶稳定系数、分数阶灰度共生矩阵的概念与理论，并详细论述了分数阶灰度共生矩阵对图像纹理细节特征的检测．然后，论述了在X轴负、x轴正、Y轴负、Y轴正、左下对角线、左上对角线、右下对角线、右上对角线8个方向上的数字图像任意分数阶n×n的分数阶微分掩模的构造及其数值运算规则．最后，在此基础上，提出并论述了数字图像分数阶微分滤波器的理论与构造．仿真实验分别从定性和定量两方面证实了，对于纹理细节信息丰富的图像信号而言，分数阶微分具有非线性增强图像复杂纹理细节特征的独特优势与良好效果．     

离散多参数分数Fourier变换

分数Fourier变换是传统Fourier变换的推广,在光学、信号处理、信息安全等许多研究领域都有广泛的应用,而简明有效的离散化数值计算方法是其得以广泛应用的关键.多参数分数Fourier变换(MPFRFT)是分数Fourier变换的一种广义形式,包含已知的分数Fourier变换作为特例,可为分数Fourier变换的理论研究和应用提供便利.文中详细阐述离散多参数分数Fourier变换(DMPFRFT)的定义和离散化计算方法,并给出二维多参数分数Fourier变换(2D-MPFRFT)和二维离散多参数分数Fourier变换(2D-DMPFRFT)等概念.最后作为应用,提出一种基于2D-DMPFRFT的数据图像加密方法,数值仿真结果验证了所提出加密方法的有效性和安全性.     

分数阶傅里叶域循环多抽样率信号处理理论

从分数阶圆周卷积定理和离散信号在分数阶傅里叶域的chirp周期性出发,研究了分数阶傅里叶域循环多抽样率信号处理理论,包括有限长非平稳信号循环内插和循环抽取的分数阶傅里叶域分析,分数阶傅里叶域循环抽取和循环内插的恒等关系、分数阶傅里叶域循环滤波器组的多相结构和准确重建条件,并在此基础上提出了分数阶傅里叶域M通道准确重建循环滤波器组和分数阶傅里叶域chirp调制循环滤波器组的设计方法．所提理论丰富了分数阶傅里叶域多抽样率信号处理理论体系,也为分数阶傅里叶域滤波器组理论在数字图像处理等有限长离散信号处理领域中的应用奠定了基础．最后,通过仿真实验验证了所提分数阶傅里叶域循环滤波器组设计方法的有效性．     

用矢量天线阵列实现相干Chirp信号多参量联合估计

提出一种采用矢量传感器（天线）阵列联合估计相干Chirp信号初频,调频斜率,2维到达角和极化的算法.通过分数阶Fourier变换估计信号的初频和调频斜率,并用之构造了新的相关矩阵以抑制噪声.利用到达角和电磁极化矢量的特点,解决了由于信号相干带来的自相关矩阵奇异问题.为提高估计精度,采用了扩展阵列间距的L型均匀天线阵列,并提出了在信号相干情况下,解除角度估计模糊的算法.通过仿真,将此算法与常用的空间平滑算法进行了比较,证明了该算法的有效性.     

四项加权分数Fourier变换在通信系统中的应用研究

本文由四项加权分数Fourier变换的原始定义出发,通过对加权系数矩阵的研究,揭示了加权系数与被加权函数之间的关系,并给出加权系数的多参数表达形式.在此基础上,定义了离散序列的四项加权分数Fourier变换,使其适用于数字通信系统.根据四项加权分数Fourier变换的特性,提出一种基于该变换的调制/解调方法.该方法能够使调制后信号在时域及频域上实部与虚部的统计特性、相位特性发生明显的变化,这一变化可以通过变换参数的调整进行控制.将四项加权分数Fourier变换调整为多参数对信号进行处理,对比单参数处理方法,信号具有更好的抗截获特性.     

On fractional control method for four-wheel-steering vehicle

Four-wheel-steering (4WS) system can enhance vehicle cornering ability by steering the rear wheels in accordance with the front wheels steering and vehicle status.With such steering control system,it becomes possible to improve the lateral stability and handling performance.In this paper,a new control method for 4WS vehicle is proposed,its rear wheels steering angle is in accordance with the angle of front wheels steering and vehicle yaw rate,and the effects of front wheels steering angle velocity are consi...     

Optimal sampling frequency for volatility forecast models for the Indian stock markets

This paper evaluates the performance of conditional variance models using high‐frequency data of the National Stock Index (S&P CNX NIFTY) and attempts to determine the optimal sampling frequency for the best daily volatility forecast. A linear combination of the realized volatilities calculated at two different frequencies is used as benchmark to evaluate the volatility forecasting ability of the conditional variance models (GARCH (1, 1)) at different sampling frequencies. From the analysis, it is found that sampling at 30 minutes gives the best forecast for daily volatility. The forecasting ability of these models is deteriorated, however, by the non‐normal property of mean adjusted returns, which is an assumption in conditional variance models. Nevertheless, the optimum frequency remained the same even in the case of different models (EGARCH and PARCH) and different error distribution (generalized error distribution, GED) where the error is reduced to a certain extent by incorporating the asymmetric effect on volatility. Our analysis also suggests that GARCH models with GED innovations or EGRACH and PARCH models would give better estimates of volatility with lower forecast error estimates. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于组织的网构软件程序设计语言及其实现

作为Internet环境下的一种新的软件形态,网构软件的自主性、协同性、适应性、演化性及柔性体系结构等特点对传统的程序设计模型、语言和支撑平台提出了一系列挑战．本文基于组织抽象和agent技术提出了支持网构软件构造的程序设计语言OragentL．首先,OragentL将软件agent作为网构软件中自主实体的抽象,并在这一层面设计和封装系统的自适应和自演化逻辑．其次,OragentL将组织、角色等组织抽象作为一级编程实体,提供了角色扮演、角色组合、角色演化、基于角色的交互、基于组织的自管理等机制为网构软件的动态性特点提供了显式的语言设施和机制支撑．我们设计了OragentL的语法和形式化操作语义,并开发了Oragentburg作为OragentL网构软件的运行时环境,支持0ragentL程序的开发、编译、部署和运行     

Reduction and emergence in the fractional quantum Hall state

We present the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) effect as a candidate emergent phenomenon. Unlike some other putative cases of condensed matter emergence (such as thermal phase transitions), the FQH effect is not based on symmetry breaking. Instead FQH states are part of a distinct class of ordered matter that is defined topologically. Topologically ordered states result from complex long-ranged correlations between their constituent parts, such that the system displays strongly irreducible, qualitatively novel properties.     

Fourier analysis and spatial representation in the visual cortex

Summary Simple cells in the cat visual cortex are shown to be general purpose analyzers of visual information achieving, at the same time, minimum uncertainty in spatial localization and spatial frequency. Their responses to moving bars, edges and gratings are linearly interrelated and predictable from each other.We thank Dr S. Marelja for much helpful discussion.     

Fourier transform analysis of glycolipid depots in Fabry's disease]

An application of the Fourier Transform Process to the Fabry inclusion study has been made. The study, which rests upon five tissues and eight persons, brings out a new low frequency stratification. Various degrees of freedom exist for the basic molecule association. The periods are given for the three fundamental directions of the inclusion.     

Temporal aggregation and systematic sampling in structural time-series models

Given a structural time-series model specified at a basic time interval, this paper deals with the problems of forecasting efficiency and estimation accuracy generated when the data are collected at a timing interval which is a multiple of the time unit chosen to build the basic model. Results are presented for the simplest structural models, the trend plus error models, under the assumption that the parameters of the model are known. It is shown that the gains in forecasting efficiency and estimation accuracy for having data at finer intervals are considerable for both stock and flow variables with only one exception. No gain in forecasting efficiency is achieved in the case of a stock series that follows a random walk.     

Chromatin domain boundaries in the Bithorax complex

Eukaryotic chromosomes are thought to be organized into a series of discrete higher-order chromatin domains. This organization is believed to be important not only in the compaction of the chromatin fibre, but also in the utilization of genetic information. Critical to this model are the domain boundaries that delimit and segregate the chromosomes into units of independent gene activity. In Drosophila, such domain boundaries have been identified through two different approaches. On the one hand, elements like scs/scs′ and the reiterated binding site for the SU(HW) protein have been characterized through their activity of impeding enhancer-promoter interactions when intercalated between them. Their role of chromatin insulators can protect transgenes from genomic position effects, thereby establishing in dependent functional domains within the chromosome. On the other hand, domain boundaries of the Bithorax complex (BX-C) like Fab-7 and Mcp have been identified through mutational analysis. Mcp and Fab-7, however, may represent a specific class of boundary elements; instead of separating adjacent domains that contain separate structural genes, Mcp and Fab-7 delimit adjacent cis-regulatory domains, each of which interacts independently with their target promoters. In this article, we review the genetic and molecular characteristics of the domain boundaries of the BX-C. We describe how Fab-7 functions to confine activating as well as repressive signals to the flanking regulatory domains. Although the mechanisms by which Fab-7 works as a domain boundary remain an open issue, we provide preliminary evidence that Fab-7 is not a mere insulator like scs or the reiterated binding site for the SU(HW) protein.     

基于压缩感知的土壤呼吸监测传感网动态采样调度策略

土壤呼吸监测传感网通常部署在野外,无法直接访问电力,并且土壤呼吸测量过程比较复杂、能耗较高,因此在满足重建准确度要求的前提下,希望以尽量少的采样次数来进行测量.利用土壤呼吸真实物理过程中时间序列的相关性,可以采用压缩感知理论来实现采样调度.本文提出了一种基于压缩感知的分段动态采样调度策略:利用前期测量数据进行分析得到的先验知识,对测量时间区间的数据序列进行分段线性拟合,依据分段数据子序列的线性程度度量指标,动态确定各段的采样率.土壤呼吸测量仪在进行监测时,按照分段动态变化的采样率构造压缩感知采样和重建所需的测量矩阵.实验结果表明,相比平均采样率相同的固定采样策略,本文提出的分段动态采样策略能够得到更好的重建质量,即如果以确定的重建误差阈值作为需求,则本文的动态采样策略具有更小的采样率.虽然计算动态采样率会带来一定的计算开销,但减少的采样次数可以节省更多的能量.本文提出的基于压缩感知的分段动态采样策略,虽然在土壤呼吸监测传感网的应用场景中进行了实验和分析,但其思想对于其他类似应用的采样调度和节能问题也具有借鉴价值和潜在的可应用性.