体温过低对豚鼠耳蜗电图-脑干听觉诱发电位综合波的影响

目的：探讨体温过低对耳蜗电图-脑干听觉诱发电位综合波(ECochG-BAEP SW)的影响。方法：体表物理降温法逐步降低豚鼠体温(36～25℃)，观察脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、耳蜗电图(ECochG)和ECochG—BAEPSW的波形、波峰潜伏期(PL)、波峰间潜伏期(IPL)和波幅随体温降低的变化。结果：从体温36℃到25℃，ECochG-BAEPSW波形始终兼具：BAEP和ECochG两者的特点，有十分明显突出的1波；与BAEP和ECochG一致，ECochG-BAEPSW的PL和IPL随体温降低而逐步延长；与BAEP的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ波和ECochG的N1、N2波波幅相似，ECochG-BAEPSW的1、2、3波波幅也在体温过低至30～29℃开始出现显著降低。结论：体温过低时ECochG-BAEP SW有BAEP和ECochG相似的显著改变，且始终兼具两者波形特点。     

体温过低对大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位快慢成分的影响

目的：探讨体温过低对大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位快慢成分的影响。方法：计算机平均叠加技术颅表记录大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）快慢成分，体表物理降温法逐渐降低大鼠体温，传感探头式数字体温计监测大鼠直肠温度，体温每降低1℃测试1次BAEP快慢成分，观察波峰潜伏期（PL）、波峰间潜伏期（IPL）和波幅的变化。结果：随体温逐渐降低（36－25℃），BAEP快慢成分PL逐渐延长，快成分I－Ⅲ、Ⅱ-Ⅳ和I－Ⅳ IPL也逐渐延长，但两者波幅未随体温降低而发生规律性显著变化。结论：体温过低对大鼠BAEP的快慢成分均有显著影响。     

脑发育期甲状腺功能低下大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位的变化

目的:探讨脑发育期甲状腺功能低下大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)的变化。方法:孕鼠从孕17 d至仔鼠生后30 d饮质量分数0.03%甲巯咪唑的自来水诱发脑发育期甲状腺功能低下仔鼠;甲低大鼠生后1~30 d每日腹腔注射左旋甲状腺素(20μg/kg)进行替代治疗;放射免疫法测定大鼠血清FT3和FT4;计算机平均叠加技术颅表记录大鼠BAEP,连续3个月动态观察甲低大鼠波峰潜伏期(PL)、波峰间潜伏期(IPL)和波幅的变化。结果:对照组大鼠生后20 d引出清晰的BAEP,甲低组大鼠生后20 d时未能引出BAEP,生后30、50、70和90 d BAEP各波PL均明显长于对照组(P<0.01);替代组大鼠生后20 d时能引出BAEP,除生后20 dⅣ波PL明显长于对照组、生后30 dⅠ波PL明显短于对照组和生后50 dⅢ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ波PL明显长于对照组外(P<0.01或P<0.05),生后20~90 d各波PL与对照组无显著差异;甲低组大鼠生后30、50、70和90 dⅠ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-ⅤIPL均明显长于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05);替代组大鼠除生后20 dⅠ-ⅢIPL和生后50dⅠ-Ⅲ、Ⅰ-ⅤIPL明显长于对照组外(P<0.01或P<0.05),生后20~90 dⅠ-Ⅲ、Ⅲ-Ⅴ、Ⅰ-ⅤIPL同对照组无显著差异;甲低组大鼠生后30、50、70和90 d BAEP各波波幅均明显低于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05),替代组大鼠各年龄段BAEP各波波幅同对照组无显著差异。结论:脑发育期甲状腺功能低下大鼠BAEP的发育明显延缓,及早补充甲状腺素能显著改善其脑发育障碍。     

糖尿病大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位波幅间比率的动态变化

目的：探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)的波幅问比率在糖尿病大鼠中的动态变化。方法：采用链脲佐菌素(SIZ)腹腔注射法，建立实验性糖尿病(ED)动物模型。在成模前后按时间顺序连续10周动态观测BAEP的波幅间比率的变化。结果：与正常对照组相比，ED组大鼠在病程2周时出现BAEP Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ波幅增高；在病程4周时出现BAEP各波波幅增高；病程6周时BAEP Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ波幅增高；病程8～10周时：BAEP Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ波幅增高。病程8周后BAEPⅤ／Ⅰ波幅比率下降；病程10周后BAEPⅢ与Ⅴ波幅比率降低；Ⅴ与Ⅰ、Ⅳ与Ⅰ波幅比率明显降低。结论：糖尿病大鼠BAEP的波幅和波幅比率有明显变化，这有助于糖尿病中枢神经病变的早期诊断。     

TPO对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤的保护作用

目的:观察外源性促血小板生成素(TPO)对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤后脑功能的保护作用.方法:7日龄SD大鼠随机分成对照组(C组)、TPO治疗组、缺氧缺血(HIBD)组.于10、14、21日龄检测脑质量损伤百分比、皮层脑组织HE染色、免疫组化观察皮层神经元巢蛋白(Nestin)的表达;14、21、28、35日龄检测脑干诱发电位(BAEP).结果:与对照组相比较,HIBD组大鼠可见损伤侧的脑皮质组织学分层消失、结构紊乱,切片中出现大量条索状空洞,高倍镜下核异常深染、核固缩;TPO治疗组能明显改善大鼠脑组织形态变化;TPO治疗组在各取样时间点的脑质量损伤百分比均分别小于HIBD组(P0.05).HIBD组大鼠造模3 d后可见少量Nestin蛋白阳性表达出现在神经细胞胞浆、轴突和树突内,造模后第7天Nestin的阳性表达达到高峰;在相同时间点TPO治疗组Nestin的阳性表达与HIBD组趋势相似.BAEP检测发现,TPO治疗组各日龄绝大部分的波峰潜伏期(PL)与对照组相比无明显差异(除21日龄的Ⅲ波,28日龄的Ⅱ-Ⅲ波,35日龄的Ⅱ-Ⅳ波外);从14日龄起TPO治疗组绝大部分的PL与HIBD组相比显著缩短(P0.05,除14日龄的Ⅴ波尚未能测出外);14日龄起,HIBD组大鼠各波峰间潜伏期(IPL)均明显长于对照组(P0.05),TPO治疗组大鼠的大部分IPL相比HIBD组明显缩短(P0.05,14日龄的各个IPL,28日龄的Ⅲ-Ⅴ除外).结论:外源性TPO能够在HIBD发生早期起到神经保护的作用,减轻缺氧缺血导致的脑功能损伤.     

正常豚鼠听觉脑干诱发反应(ABR)的研究

本文记录和分析了110只正常豚鼠的ABR,在85dBSPL短声(click)刺激后,在豚鼠(户页)顶可引得的ABR由Ⅰ～Ⅴ波组成。随着强强刺激降低引得的ABR波数减少,各波出现率也降低,其中波幅最大、最稳、最后消失的是Ⅲ波,依次为Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅱ和Ⅴ。豚鼠听阈值在25～10dBSPL左右。豚鼠ABR各波潜伏期和波间期恒定,但是它的ABR波幅个体差异较大。疏密短声引得的ABR的波形、波幅及各波潜伏期和各波间期有变化。     

中潜伏期听觉电反应在糖尿病大鼠中的动态变化研究

目的 :探讨中潜伏期听觉电反应 (MLR)在早期诊断糖尿病中枢神经病变 (DCN)中的作用 方法 :应用链脲佐菌素 (STZ)腹腔注射法 ,建立实验性糖尿病 (ED)动物模型 并在成模前后按时间顺序动态观测MLR的变化 结果 :建模后 4周实验性糖尿病 (ED)组出现MLRP0 、Na、Pa、Nb、Pb波峰潜伏期 (PL)延长 (P <0 .0 5) 6周后出现MLR各波PL、Pa-Pb 波峰间潜伏期 (IPL)延长 (P <0 0 1) 8周后MLR各波PL、P0 -Pa、Pa-PbIPL均延长 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ED组血糖与MLR的PL、IPL变化之间无相关 ,ED组病程与MLRNa、Nb、Pb 波PL变化有正相关 结论 :糖尿病早期MLR出现PL和IPL延长 ,该变化与病程进展有相关关系 ,MLR是早期诊断DCN的客观灵敏指标     

关于耳蜗电图中AP的N_1,N_2波起源的研究

本文通过12只猫的18支耳的实验,用70dB声强刺激被检查耳,同时描记耳蜗电图(EcochG)和听脑干电位(ABR)的方法,观察到ECochG中AP的各N波和ABR各p波一一相对的一致性。通过切断或破坏耳蜗神经核与听神经联系的实验,结果证明N_2波和PⅡ波一样主要来源于耳蜗核,而1930年Weber等人提出并沿用至今的Ap中N_1、N_2、N_3、全是来自听神经并称为听神经复合动作电位的概念是错误的。根据本文实验结果,目前临床应用的EcochG不仅可以反映耳蜗的病理生理状态,而且可以反映脑干听传导系统……耳蜗核等处的机能状态。     

高胆红素血症新生大鼠听觉诱发电位的研究

目的: 探讨高胆红素血症新生大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位快成分(FC-BAEP)、脑干听觉诱发电位慢成分(SC-BAEP)和听觉中潜伏期反应(MLR)的异常变化.方法: 7日龄SD大鼠随机分为对照组(C组,17只)和两个实验组(T1和T2组,各17只).T1组和T2组大鼠于7和10日龄腹腔注射胆红素溶液建模,累积剂量分别为90和120 mg/kg,C组大鼠于7日龄和10日龄腹腔注射生理盐水0.5 mL.对照组和实验组10日龄大鼠腹腔注射6 h后随机抽出7只断头取血检测血清胆红素;其余大鼠分别于12、14、17和20日龄检测FC-BAEP、SC-BAEP和MLR.结果:T1和T2组10日龄大鼠腹腔注射6h后,血清胆红素浓度明显升高;T1组和T2组大鼠FC-BAEP和SC-BAEP延迟出现;T1和T2组17、20日龄大鼠FC-BAEP除Ⅱ-Ⅳ IPL外,各波PL和IPL均显著延长,且T2组17日龄大鼠FC-BAEP各波PL均较T1组显著延长;T1和T2组17、20日龄大鼠SC-BAEP的PL显著延长,且T2组17日龄大鼠SC-BAEP的PL较T1组显著延长;T1和T2组17、20日龄大鼠MLR各波PL和IPL显著延长,除Pa-Pb IPL外,T2组大鼠MLR各波PL和IPL较T1组显著延长.结论:高胆红素血症新生大鼠FC-BAEP、SC-BAEP和MLR基本呈同步一致的异常变化,SC-BAEP和MLR也是早期监测胆红素诱发的听力和脑损伤的客观灵敏指标.     

印度洋T波与地震震源参数的相关性

从2004—12—26苏门答腊（Mw=9．3）大地震发生后,在该区域诱发的137个地震的波形记录中提取出了清晰的T波,并分析研究了T波波形特征与地震震源参数的相关性．通过分析计算得到如下结论：（I）对于同一震级的地震,走滑型地震在海水声纳层中激发的T波能量大于正逆断层型地震;（Ⅱ）随着深度的增加,激发的T波与P波能量的比值（T／P）在逐渐减小;（Ⅲ）T与P,S波峰值到时差与地震震中距呈现较好的线性关系;（Ⅳ）在纬度1．0至2．5的区域,存在一个地震波向声波转换效率高的区域．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that