北京市出租车实际道路行驶特征与排放特性的关系研究

为了分析北京市出租车实际道路排放特性,利用车载排放测试系统SEMTECH-DS对北京市出租车进行了实际道路排放测试,并基于实验数据分别分析了出租车行驶速度、加速度以及机动车比功率(VSP)与HC,CO,NOx,CO2排放的关系.结果表明:HC,CO,NOx的排放率基本随着出租车行驶速度的增加先增加然后降低,而CO2排放率随行驶速度的增加而增加;在不同速度区间内,各种污染物排放因子和排放率均随着加速度的增加而增加;各污染物的排放率和排放因子均随VSP增加而增加,且与VSP成一定的正相关关系,利用VSP量化出租车污染物排放更为合理.     

论客家民系人文特征的形成

语言因移民、行政区域的变动而变化。客家方言于五代前已形成。“阿姆话”是客家妇女地位及作用的标志。客家民系最典型的人文特征：妇女问题、二次葬、祖先崇拜。妇女精神是由其先婢后妻身份及条件所迫而形成的;二次葬习俗是因要回归故里而形成的;祖先崇拜、宗祠观念是中华民族的传统,而在客家民系中尤为突出。客家称谓迟于客家民系的形成。     

英语广告的语言特点

本文在分析了大量英语广告的基础上归纳了其句法特征和修辞特征。英语广告既有英语语言的共性,但更重要的是因其功能目的而决定了广告语言具有自己独特的风格。生动形象的广告语言能更好地实现广告所要达到的注意、兴趣和记忆的目的。     

汽车造型特征定量模型构建与应用

针对汽车造型特征难以定量化表达的问题,通过汽车造型特征空间构建和层次分析,对汽车造型的几何特征进行提取,并基于特征关系映射实验对汽车造型语义特征进行分析,构建了基于几何空间、语义空间及其映射关系的汽车造型特征定量化模型,并应用到设计实践中,初步解决了汽车造型设计主要依赖经验而定量工具缺乏的问题.     

三种土茯苓植物形态及土茯苓鉴定比较观察

我省土茯苓存在三种不同药用植物来源 :光叶菝葜、肖菝葜、短柱肖菝葜。对三种不同来源土茯苓从植物形态、性状特征、显微特征进行全面比较 ,发现同属的肖菝葜和短柱肖菝葜基本相似 ,而不同属的光叶菝葜与它们存在较大差异。     

切口、穿孔几何体的投影画法新探

常见的几何体被切口、穿孔之后，其投影的画法都是在求出截交线的基础上完成的。而本文则从另一角度，把切口、穿孔看成是一整体，并称之为切除体，在求得切除体投影的基础上，完成切口、穿孔后的几何体的投影     

中国政府职能特征分析

政府职能是随着经济发展和社会进步而变化的。早期的政府职能侧重为政治统治方面，而现今经济、社会的发展促使政府职能发生转变。在此背景下，分析当今中国政府职能的新特征是具有一定的理论以及现实意义的。     

模式识别理论中的逻辑特征方法

本文提出了一个新的模式识别特征方法——逻辑特征方法。这个方法不同于经典的模式识别方法:统计特征方法和句法结构方法。在逻辑特征法中,决定模式特征匹配状态的只有“是”或“非”,而不象统计特征和句法特征那样有匹配程度之分如“远”或“近”。逻辑特征有两个重要特性。1.多个逻辑特征可以链接在一起做为逻辑特征向量,这个逻辑特征向量可以做为索引匹配的索引号而对模式进行直接和索引分类。2.逻辑特征还可与其他特征共同使用,其中逻辑特征将做为标志。亦即只有逻辑特征匹配了,才能用其他特征进行匹配程度的计算。     

基于形状和纹理特征的正庚烷环形油池火特性

该文开展了不同尺寸的环形正庚烷油池火实验。实验中改变了环形油池的内径、外径等参数,通过火焰图像的形状特征和纹理特征分析了环形火焰的结构。结果表明:环形油池火的火焰从油池外部边缘产生,向油池中心扩散。火焰内部出现空心区域,其面积随着内外径比的增大而增大。当环形油池外径不变时,火焰面积、周长、灰度共生矩阵的对比度、熵、相关度都随着内外径比的增大而逐渐减小,而能量值呈现逐渐增加的趋势。主成分分析的结果表明:前两个主成分分量与内外径比具有良好的对应关系,贡献率超过95%,可以用于定量描述环形火焰。     

原点无关最近特征分类器及在人脸识别的应用

受最近特征线分类器的基本设计思想启发，将最近邻法向平面和空间推广，提出了原点无关最近特征平面和原点无关最近特征空间分类器．与最近特征平面、最近特征空间分类器相比，原点无关最近特征分类器最大的优势就在于其定义的特征子空间不依赖于原点位置，而仅由同模式的若干个特征点决定．这种定义提高了相应的模式相似性度量的合理性与有效性．以人脸识别为例，对多种分类器的性能进行比较．实验结果表明，原点无关最近特征分类器在识别率、稳定性等方面均优于同阶的最近特征分类器．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has