Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases

Many lines of evidence suggest that mitochondria have a central role in ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are critical regulators of cell death, a key feature of neurodegeneration. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA and oxidative stress both contribute to ageing, which is the greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. In all major examples of these diseases there is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early and acts causally in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, an impressive number of disease-specific proteins interact with mitochondria. Thus, therapies targeting basic mitochondrial processes, such as energy metabolism or free-radical generation, or specific interactions of disease-related proteins with mitochondria, hold great promise.     

维生素D缺乏与神经退行性疾病相关性的研究进展

维生素D受体在成年人大脑皮质、海马、黑质、下丘脑等区域均有不同程度的表达,这些区域也是神经退行性疾病阿尔茨海默氏症、帕金森氏症、亨廷顿氏病的病原集中区域。越来越多的数据表明这几种神经退行性疾病患者的血清25(OH)D水平都呈现缺乏状态,维生素D缺乏提高了神经退行性疾病易感性,且1,25(OH)2D具有抗氧化应激和神经保护等作用。维生素D缺乏可能是引起神经退行性疾病发生和发展的病因之一。概述了近年来维生素D缺乏与神经退行性疾病的相关性及其机制的研究进展,可以为维生素D预防和治疗神经退行性疾病的应用提供理论参考。     

Cause of neural death in neurodegenerative diseases attributable to expansion of glutamine repeats.

Neurodegenerative diseases resulting from expanded repeat sequences of glutamine residues are associated with the formation of protein aggregates in the cell nuclei of the affected neurons, but whether these are pathogenic is controversial. Recent observations indicate that the ages of onset of these diseases are exponential functions of the repeat lengths and that the probability of neural death is constant with time. The only process known to us that could give rise to such behaviour is nucleation of the aggregates.     

A perspective on surfaces and interfaces

The importance of surfaces and interfaces cannot be overstated, with their reach extending from the hardware of the digital age to the processes of life. The past half-century has seen the development of a full and varied toolkit for characterizing them. This toolkit is now serving a growing interdisciplinary community and is providing a powerful platform for scientific research and manufacturing technology.     

香连片抗细菌性痢疾相关疾病的网络药理学研究

通过中药系统药理学分析平台(TCMSP)筛选香连片的主要活性成分;通过TCMSP及Swiss Target Prediction数据库查找筛选其活性成分的对应靶点.收集有关细菌性痢疾相关疾病的靶点,映射至香连片活性成分靶点基因,构建活性成分-靶点网络及共同靶点蛋白相互作用网络(PPI).将共同靶基因进行GO功能富集与K...     

A genomic perspective on membrane compartment organization

Now that whole genome sequences are available for many eukaryotic organisms from yeast to man, we can form broad hypotheses on the basis of the relative expansion of protein families. To investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the organization of membrane compartments, we identified members of the SNARE, coat complex, Rab and Sec1 protein families in four eukaryotic genomes. Of these families only the Rab family expanded from the unicellular yeast to the multicellular fly and worm. All families were expanded in humans, where we find 35 SNAREs, 60 Rabs and 53 coat complex subunits. In addition, we were able to resolve the SNARE class of proteins into four distinct subfamilies.     

A decade's perspective on DNA sequencing technology

The decade since the Human Genome Project ended has witnessed a remarkable sequencing technology explosion that has permitted a multitude of questions about the genome to be asked and answered, at unprecedented speed and resolution. Here I present examples of how the resulting information has both enhanced our knowledge and expanded the impact of the genome on biomedical research. New sequencing technologies have also introduced exciting new areas of biological endeavour. The continuing upward trajectory of sequencing technology development is enabling clinical applications that are aimed at improving medical diagnosis and treatment.     

基于创业网络的科技企业孵化器外部创新驱动机制

由于科技企业孵化器主要是通过组织网络来为在孵企业提供支持的,因此,基于组织网络角度对科技企业孵化器创业网络主体功能、外部创新驱动机制等的研究,近年来备受重视.认为依托科技企业孵化器的孵化功能,初创的科技企业能够更加容易地构建创业网络,其主体主要包括政府部门、相关企业、金融机构、大学、科研机构以及中介机构.基于这些网络主体构成的创业网络则可以发挥协同作用,形成一个从技术支持、资金支持到机会支持的三大机制相互协调、相互促进的科技企业外部创新驱动机制,从新创科技企业外部寻求驱动其创新的因素.并最终结合企业自身的内部创新驱动机制进行技术创新,培养出具有竞争优势的战略资源,使其具备必要的生存和发展能力.     

基于矿区GPS网投影带和投影面的合理选择

针对许多矿区远离国家3°带中央子午线或是地势较高,造成GPS控制网的边长尺度与开采水平以及地面实际测量的边长尺度不相一致,产生长度投影变形,从而使其成果不能满足1:500比例尺测图和施工放样以及巷道贯通的精度要求这一重要的技术问题.从理论上分析了将实测边长归算到参考椭球面上和将参考椭球面上的边长归算到高斯投影面上的长度变形影响规律,讨论限制和减小这种投影变形影响的理论方法.提出了合理选择投影带和投影面的具体方案,并以大同矿区GPS网平面坐标系统建立中投影带和投影面的选择实例验证了该方法在实际应用中是切实可行的.     

校园网考试系统研究

通过分析考试系统的功能结构及网络化实现方法,深入探讨网上考试系统的各种考试方法、关键技术和存在问题,力图构建一个完美的网上考试系统,以实现校园内部考试的无纸化。在对计算机等级考试系统及多个网上考试系统仔细研究的基础上,结合自己的实际开发经验撰写而成。     

一种网络演化MG模型研究

将少数者博弈模型作为描述经纪人竞争的动力学模型,并考虑了现实中存在的经纪人学习模仿机制,研究了经纪人在小世界网络下的通过学习和模仿自组织形成群落的现象,同时进行了仿真实验.分析了回报比率β和重连概率p与经纪人群落演化的关系,得出了在不同参数下群落规模分布的规律,以及模型系统方差变化的规律,为更好地研究社会经济系统中的涌现现象提供了一种新的方法.     

Batcher—Banyan交换网络的一种竞争分解机制

文章针对ATM交换机中广为采用的Batcher-Banyan交换网络,探讨其存在的内部竞争问题,提出采用优先级输入、输出与中央混合缓存机制解决其内部竞争的一种模型。     

校园网考试系统研究

通过分析考试系统的功能结构及网络化实现方法,深入探讨网上考试系统的各种考试方法、关键技术和存在问题,力图构建一个完美的网上考试系统,以实现校园内部考试的无纸化.在对计算机等级考试系统及多个网上考试系统仔细研究的基础上,结合自己的实际开发经验撰写而成.     

面向智能电网中的主动配电网关键技术发展综述

主动配电网是在分布式电源发展的环境下使配电网更安全、可靠、经济运行的一个重要方案,是智能电网中的重要一环,国内外学者都提出了很多关键技术.从主动配电网规划接入、主动配电网的控制、故障恢复和负荷管控四方面展开阐述了主动配电网关键技术的研究现状,然后比较了其优缺点,最后介绍了应用展望.     

极端黑洞熵的新认识

本文研究了极端RNdS黑洞的量子熵,表明当考虑内事件视界时,极端黑洞的熵与极端和量子化的次序无关都为零,满足热力学第三定律.内外事件视界对熵的贡献是对数发散的,且它们的绝对值严格相等,特别是外事件视界对熵的贡献是负值,这是一个全新的结论.     

A perspective on fish gonad manipulation for biotechnical applications

Fish make attractive candidates for conducting stud- ies in gene expression, regulation, function, and genetic modification, since they reach sexual maturity rela- tively quickly, are highly fecund, utilize an external fertilization strategy, develop exte…     

基于L-S Lagrange函数的神经网络方法

利用非线性规划的Log-Sigmoid (L-S)型Lagrange函数及其对偶问题的性质,提出一种求解优化问题的神经网络方法,并讨论网络的收敛性和稳定性条件,算例表明该神经网络能有效求解.     

一种基于通信网络的车队控制方法

建立考虑车队间通讯网络影响的混合车队纵向控制模型.所得车队模型结合车队与通讯网络,可在很大程度上完善现有车队控制系统模型.利用李亚普诺夫方法和线性矩阵不等式LMI方法提出可保证车队稳定性的条件和相应的动态输出反馈控制算法.同时,获得可保证使车队稳定的丢包概率上限值.仿真试验表明,获得的控制方法不但可实现车队的稳定运行控制,而且比现有未考虑网络丢包的PID控制方法的车队控制效果得到较大改善.