Benzodiazepine impairs and beta-carboline enhances performance in learning and memory tasks

Benzodiazepines are widely used anxiolytics and anticonvulsants, and their potent sedative properties are routinely used in presurgical anaesthesia. However, they are also known to induce a strong anterograde amnesia in patients. Specific benzodiazepine antagonists have recently been described, some of which have intrinsic pharmacological properties that are opposite to those of benzodiazepines. These have been called inverse agonists and they have been shown to be proconvulsant or convulsant whereas benzodiazepines are anticonvulsants. Inverse agonists are also anxiogenic rather than anxiolytic. Since benzodiazepines induce anterograde amnesia, we have investigated the possibility that inverse agonists might also have an opposite effect for this property and so enhance acquisition (learning) and (or) retention (memory). We report here that, in three different animal models, an inverse agonist of the beta-carboline group, methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM), enhances animal performance in three different tasks used to investigate learning and memory.     

转折中的心理学——积极心理学论略

积极心理学倡导心理学研究积极取向,从关注人类的疾病和弱点转向关注人类的优秀品质,强调人的价值与人文关怀,以一种全新的姿态诠释心理学。本文从如何看待心理学的发展和人的发展、如何预防心理疾病、如何看待和治疗心理问题三个方面进行分析与研究,从而引领心理学走向积极取向。     

Circulating human pituitary pro-gamma-melanotropin enhances the adrenal response to ACTH

The amino-terminal region of the common corticotropin/beta-lipotrophin (beta-LPH) precursor has been identified in the AtT-20 mouse tumor cells as a glycopeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 16,000 (the '16K fragment'). A third melanotropin core sequence or gamma-MSH similar to that found in ACTH and beta-LPH was predicted to occur in this glycopeptide from the complementary DNA sequence of mRNA isolated from bovine pituitary intermediate tissue. Recently, the mouse of 16K fragment has been found to have a small but significant potentiation on the corticosteroidogenesis elicited by ACTH in a static cell system, an effect that could be enhanced when the glycopeptide was pretreated with trypsin. This synergism could also be mimicked by synthetic gamma-MSH peptides in vitro and in vivo. We report here the potentiating properties of a naturally occurring human pro-gamma-MSH glycopeptide on the ACTH-induced steroidogenic response of isolated perfused rat and human adrenocortical cells.     

Recombinant human PDCD5 protein enhances chemo-sensitivities of hematologic malignancies

PDCD5 is a novel apoptosis-related gene. Overexpression of PDCD5 facilitates apoptosis in various tumor cells. Here, we investigated the roles of recombinant human PDCD5 （rhPDCD5） protein in chemosensitivities of hematologic malignancies. The rhPDCD5 increased the in vitro cytotoxicity of daunorubicin （DNR）, adriamycin （ADM） and As203 in three hematologic tumor cell lines. In vivo studies showed that DNR combined with rhPDCD5 significantly suppressed tumor growth of U937 xenograft nude mice compared with DNR alone. In conclusion, rhPDCD5 combined with the chemotherapeutic drug has greater efficacy than chemotherapy alone, and rhPDCD5 is a very promising chemosensitizer.     

Silibinin induces apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and enhances its chemo-sensitivity

目的:探讨水飞蓟宾诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡并提高5-FU、顺铂的敏感性.方法:采用MTT法和克隆形成抑制实验观察不同浓度的水飞蓟宾对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖抑制作用;Hoechst 33258染色法检测水飞蓟宾作用于人肝癌HepG2细胞后其细胞核形态的改变;Western blotting检测凋亡相关蛋白(Caspase-3,Caspase-9)的表达;采用水飞蓟宾联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、顺铂(DDP),观察对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖抑制作用.结果:MTT法检测显示,水飞蓟宾对肝癌HepG2细胞有明显的增殖抑制作用,并随着水飞蓟宾浓度的增大而增强,作用于肝癌HepG2细胞48h的IC50为195.38 μmol/L;克隆形成抑制实验表明随着水飞蓟宾药物浓度的增加,细胞克隆形成逐渐减少,与对照组相比有显著差异;其细胞核固缩、边聚、裂解等细胞凋亡形态学变化;存在Caspase-3和Caspase-9蛋白的活化和降解;150 μmol/L的水飞蓟宾与不同质量浓度的化疗药物(5-FU,DDP)联合作用于HepG2细胞48h,可提高HepG2细胞对这些化疗药物的敏感性,增敏倍数分别为39.63和21.54倍.结论:水飞蓟宾通过诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡抑制细胞增殖,并提高HepG2细胞对5-FU,DDP的敏感性.     

全国普通高校体育教育专业体操比赛的调查研究

通过对全国普通高校体育教育专业体操团体比赛成绩的统计分析，认为各校运动队以良好的运动竞技表演接受了国家教育部的检查，深化了体育教学改革，并对存有不足提出相应的建议。     

赤泥-煤矸石基公路路面基层材料的耐久与环境性能

以拜耳法赤泥、煤矸石和粉煤灰等工业固废为基本原料在实验室制备了一种公路路面基层材料,并研究了其力学性能、耐久性能和环境性能.通过开展干湿循环以及冻融循环试验研究了该公路路面基层材料的耐久性能,并利用ICP浸出试验和放射性检测研究其环境性能.结果表明,赤泥-煤矸石基路面基层材料赤泥和煤矸石掺量之和75％、固废总掺量97％时,7d养护后无侧限抗压强度达到6 MPa以上;经过20个干湿循环后,矿渣掺量为5％的路面基层试块强度为5.98 MPa,满足国家标准;经过5个冻融循环后,路面基层材料的7d抗压强度仍然达到6.89 MPa,具有良好的耐久性能.浸出试验结果显示,浸出液中Na+浓度均符合国家饮用水标准,同时浸出液中Zn、Hg、Cu、Pb、Ni等重金属均未检测出;放射性试验结果表明,试验所用纯赤泥的放射性符合相应的国家标准.通过对该路面基层材料进行固碱分析以及能谱分析发现,硅铝体系能有效固结钠离子.此公路路面基层材料具有良好的环境效益和社会效益,拓宽了路面基层材料的选材范围.