分布放大传输系统中具有随机变化参数的明孤子传输稳定性分析

1引言由于在未来大容量、长距离、高码率通信存在广泛的应用前景,以光孤子脉冲作为信息载体的全光通信已成为光通信科学研究的焦点。[1]光孤子脉冲在光纤中传输时,需要用放大器来补偿光纤损耗,而在补偿光纤损耗的同时,也产生和放大了放大器自发辐射（ASE）噪声,引起了光孤子频率随机走移,限制光孤子长距离通信容量（G－H效应）[2,3]。在光孤子传输系统用于通信时,随机扰动是孤子通信系统中不可避免的、普遍存在的重要现象,例如,随机增益、随机色散对孤子传输系统产生不良影响,增大了光孤子脉冲到达时间科动,降低了系统的通信容…     

平面光波导均衡器补偿偏振模色散的研究

为了实现对光通信系统中偏振模色散（polarization mode dispersion,PMD）的补偿,构建了一个较完整的光通信系统的仿真模型,改进了原有的基于最小均方误差（minimum squareerror,MSE）算法控制的平面光波导（planar lightwave circuit,PLC）均衡器．对比了经过补偿和未经补偿的2种情况下的系统性能,并研究分析了不同阶数PLC光均衡器的补偿效果、结果表明,PLC均衡器可以较好地克服PMD的影响,有效地减少了光脉冲的展宽,降低了误码率．     

最有前途的光孤子通信

最有前途的光孤子通信光纤通信在世界范围内正蓬勃发展。然而，现在的光纤通信技术并不理想。一是光脉冲在光纤中传输时有损耗，需要建立一定距离的中继站，二是光纤色散效应限制了光通信系统的传输容量，为了增大光通信系统光脉冲的传输距离和信息容量，美国学者哈瑟加瓦...     

全光型光子双开关的研究

全光型光子双开关的研究李长英张长信王博段存丽（西北大学物理系激光教研室西安７１００６９）全光型光子开关利用光致折射率变化来实现以光控光。它是实现超高速光计算、光通信的关键器件。本文通过对ＣＣＴＳ双稳激光器与量子阱ＰＩＮ光电控测器产生的光双稳态和双开关...     

光交换的研究与发展趋势

实现透明的、具有高度生存性的全光通信网是宽带通信网未来发展目标。而光交换技术作为全光网络系统中的一个重要支撑技术,它的全光通信系统中发挥着重要的作用,可以这样说光交换技术的发展在某种程度上也决定了全光通信的发展。为了能帮助大家对光交换技术有一个更深的了解,笔者下面介绍一些光交换技术现有的概念、研究领域、以及发展趋势。     

纳米光纤与光孤子通信探讨

在普通光纤光孤子传输的行为基础上,提出纳米光纤概念,讨论利用纳米光纤的强三阶光学非线性建立的全新光孤子光通信系统 分析纳米光纤量子点的制备和纳米光纤的形成机制     

1.5ps 碰撞脉冲锁模量子阱激光器

１．５ｐｓ碰撞脉冲锁模量子阱激光器胡礼中（大连理工大学物理系１１６０２４）孙洪波刘式墉（吉林大学电子工程系长春１３００２３）超短光脉冲在物理、化学和生物学中的超快现象研究和信息工程中超快过程处理等方面有着巨大的应用价值。用来实现超短光脉冲的方法主要有...     

光学工程概述

介绍光学工程在光测量和光纤通信中的运用及未来的发展趋势.光测量主要通过激光发生干涉(衍射),利用干涉(衍射)条纹的级次进行定标、精确测量,利用零级条纹色偏最小原理,对条纹级次进行自动判断;利用光脉冲的高次谐波,测量电场.光通信主要介绍了相干光通信技术、波分复用技术、拉曼光放大器、及全光网络.     

光纤中脉冲传输的稳定性数值分析

光脉冲在光纤中传输的稳定性是光通信及其相关领域的一个关键问题.针对包含高阶色散的光脉冲传输方程,通过数值方法分析了其稳态的稳定性,得出了稳定性条件,给出了部分仿真实验结果.研究结果表明,若考虑光纤的损耗以及高阶色散因素,其稳定性范围逐渐变小.     

五能级Ξ型原子系统相位消相干的BangBang控制

研究了五能级Ξ型原子相位消相干的BB解耦问题,给出了解耦操作及其脉冲实现.在理想脉冲条件下,BB脉冲能很好地压制量子噪声.     

Experimental demonstration of quantum memory for light

The information carrier of today's communications, a weak pulse of light, is an intrinsically quantum object. As a consequence, complete information about the pulse cannot be perfectly recorded in a classical memory, even in principle. In the field of quantum information, this has led to the long-standing challenge of how to achieve a high-fidelity transfer of an independently prepared quantum state of light onto an atomic quantum state. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a protocol for such a quantum memory based on atomic ensembles. Recording of an externally provided quantum state of light onto the atomic quantum memory is achieved with 70 per cent fidelity, significantly higher than the limit for classical recording. Quantum storage of light is achieved in three steps: first, interaction of the input pulse and an entangling field with spin-polarized caesium atoms; second, subsequent measurement of the transmitted light; and third, feedback onto the atoms using a radio-frequency magnetic pulse conditioned on the measurement result. The density of recorded states is 33 per cent higher than the best classical recording of light onto atoms, with a quantum memory lifetime of up to 4 milliseconds.     

基于电磁感应透明的光存储的数值模拟研究及多脉冲存储分析

采用数值模拟的方法研究基于动态电磁感应透明(dynamic EIT)技术的光存储,与通过近似得到解析解的方法相比,此方法更有利于研究各种因素(如原子弛豫)对存储过程的影响。利用数值模拟的方法探讨了多脉冲存储的可行性及其在量子计算和量子通信领域的实际应用前景。     

二能级系统光子回波在缀饰态表象中的动态分析

采用布洛赫矢量方法,从量子干涉角度,用缀饰态理论对二能级系统光子回波机理进行了分析,清晰地给出了光与原子相互作用过程的物理描述.探讨了绝热条件下光子回波技术对量子信息存储和信息提取的动态过程.结果表明,二能级跃迁第一个脉冲将信息写入介质,第二个脉冲为信息读出提供条件,让布洛赫矢量的v、w分量反转,此后写入的信息以光子回波的形式再现,即光子回波实质是光信息的写入和读出过程.     

Quantum storage of photonic entanglement in a crystal

Entanglement is the fundamental characteristic of quantum physics-much experimental effort is devoted to harnessing it between various physical systems. In particular, entanglement between light and material systems is interesting owing to their anticipated respective roles as 'flying' and stationary qubits in quantum information technologies (such as quantum repeaters and quantum networks). Here we report the demonstration of entanglement between a photon at a telecommunication wavelength (1,338?nm) and a single collective atomic excitation stored in a crystal. One photon from an energy-time entangled pair is mapped onto the crystal and then released into a well-defined spatial mode after a predetermined storage time. The other (telecommunication wavelength) photon is sent directly through a 50-metre fibre link to an analyser. Successful storage of entanglement in the crystal is proved by a violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality by almost three standard deviations (S = 2.64?±?0.23). These results represent an important step towards quantum communication technologies based on solid-state devices. In particular, our resources pave the way for building multiplexed quantum repeaters for long-distance quantum networks.     

Quantum storage of optical signals and coherent manipulation of quantum states based on electromagnetically induced transparency

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques are important tools for the storage of the quantum states of light fields in atomic ensembles and for enhancement of the interaction between photons. In this paper, we briefly summarize the recent experimental studies conducted by our group on enhanced cross-phase modulation based on double EIT effects, the quantum interference of stored dual-channel spin-wave excitations and the coherent manipulation of the spin wave vector for the polarization of photons in a single tripod atomic system. The work presented here has potential application in the developing field of quantum information processing.     

基于电磁感应透明的量子信息存储研究

量子信息是量子力学与信息科学交叉的前沿领域,如何对量子信息进行存储和处理是人们研究的核心问题之一.采用数值模拟方法研究基于电磁感应透明技术存储光量子信息,并考虑了信号场与原子系统的耦合系数、原予弛豫率和控制光场强弱变化等对存储过程的影响.结果表明,存储后输出的信号脉冲强度随着耦合系数的增大而增大、随着原子驰豫率的增大而减小、随着控制光强的增大而增大.此外,控制光的强弱也对信号脉冲的存储位置产生影响.     

A single-atom quantum memory

The faithful storage of a quantum bit (qubit) of light is essential for long-distance quantum communication, quantum networking and distributed quantum computing. The required optical quantum memory must be able to receive and recreate the photonic qubit; additionally, it must store an unknown quantum state of light better than any classical device. So far, these two requirements have been met only by ensembles of material particles that store the information in collective excitations. Recent developments, however, have paved the way for an approach in which the information exchange occurs between single quanta of light and matter. This single-particle approach allows the material qubit to be addressed, which has fundamental advantages for realistic implementations. First, it enables a heralding mechanism that signals the successful storage of a photon by means of state detection; this can be used to combat inevitable losses and finite efficiencies. Second, it allows for individual qubit manipulations, opening up avenues for in situ processing of the stored quantum information. Here we demonstrate the most fundamental implementation of such a quantum memory, by mapping arbitrary polarization states of light into and out of a single atom trapped inside an optical cavity. The memory performance is tested with weak coherent pulses and analysed using full quantum process tomography. The average fidelity is measured to be 93%, and low decoherence rates result in qubit coherence times exceeding 180 microseconds. This makes our system a versatile quantum node with excellent prospects for applications in optical quantum gates and quantum repeaters.     

Quantum coherent control of ultrashort laser pulses

The effective photonic control is one of the key issues in photo-physics. Significant advancement in photonic crystals, quantum optics, ultrafast optics as well as micro-nano-optics gives rise to new op-portunities to manipulate the emission and propagation in optical fields, leading to a number of new and interesting discoveries, e.g., ultrashort light pulse storage and efficient energy conversion. This paper reviews the latest research progress in storage, release and energy conversion for ultrashort laser pulses in periodical arrays of absorbing medium. Techniques to fabricate such devices are also presented.     

Ultra-broadband semiconductor laser

The fundamental mechanism behind laser action leads in general only to narrowband, single-wavelength emission. Several approaches for achieving spectrally broadband laser action have been put forward, such as enhancing the optical feedback in the wings of the gain spectrum, multi-peaked gain spectra, and the most favoured technique at present, ultrashort pulse excitation. Each of these approaches has drawbacks, such as a complex external laser cavity configuration, a non-flat optical gain envelope function, or an inability to operate in continuous mode, respectively. Here we present a monolithic, mid-infrared 'supercontinuum' semiconductor laser that has none of these drawbacks. We adopt a quantum cascade configuration, where a number of dissimilar intersubband optical transitions are made to cooperate in order to provide broadband optical gain from 5 to 8 microm wavelength. Laser action with a Fabry-Pérot spectrum covering all wavelengths from 6 to 8 microm simultaneously is demonstrated with this approach. Lasers that emit light over such an extremely wide wavelength range are of interest for applications as varied as terabit optical data communications or ultra-precision metrology and spectroscopy.     

Squeezing bandwidth controllable twin beam light and phase sensitive nonlinear interferometer based on atomic ensembles

We review our recent experimental progress in quantum technology employing amplification effect of four-wave mixing in a rubidium vapor. We have produced an intensity difference squeezed light source at frequencies as low as 1.5 kHz which is so far the lowest frequency at which squeezing has been observed in an atomic system. Moreover, we find that the bandwidth of our squeezed light source can be controlled with light intensity pumping. Using our non-classical light source, we have further developed a nonlinear Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, for which the maximum fringe intensity depends quadratically on the intensity of the phase-sensing field at the high-gain regime, leading to much better sensitivity than a linear MZ interferometer in which the beam splitters have the same phase-sensing intensity. The quantum technologies developed by our group could have great potential in areas such as precision measurement and quantum information.