软煤层大倾角大采高综采回采实践

大采高综采工艺通常应用于煤层倾角在25°以下的工作面,超过25°的条件下取得成功的尚不多见,平煤十三矿将该采煤方法应用于煤层平均坡度为32°的工作面并取得成功,为类似条件煤层的开采提供重要的参考依据和借鉴价值。     

煤柱影响下远距离多煤层重叠开采覆岩运动规律

为探究平煤股份八矿多煤层远距离重叠开采,留设煤柱及采空区对底板卸压效果的影响,开展沿煤层倾向开采的相似模拟实验.实验结果表明:丁组煤层或戊组煤层开采,采空区或孤岛煤柱下方底板应力增卸压效果均随埋深的增加而减弱.丁组煤层开采上帮和下帮卸压角分别是65°和75°,煤柱增压区会影响至己组煤层.丁、戊组重叠开采上帮和下帮卸压角分别是75°和65°,卸压区和增压区均会波及到己组煤层,应力增值幅度有限.戊组煤层因采动形成动态增、卸压值要高于采动结束后产生的附加应力.丁组煤层开采对己组煤层的卸压保护效果甚微,但煤柱会使己组煤层产生附加应力.丁、戊组煤层重叠开采,煤柱和采空区交错布置有利于己组煤层开采.     

保护层保护效果分析与瓦斯抽采技术

针对长平矿3#煤层是高瓦斯、低透气性的较难抽采煤层问题.基于3#煤层条件、地质条件及瓦斯条件应用保护层开采理论,确定了3#煤层通过下保护层开采治理瓦斯灾害.通过数值模拟等方法分析了保护层开采对3#煤层的保护效果与煤层透气性变化.根据3#煤层与保护层开采的工程条件提出了3#煤层卸压瓦斯抽采方案,为长平矿3#煤层瓦斯治理提供技术支持.     

近距离煤层群开采下煤层开切眼合理位置的确定

近距离煤层群在我国煤炭资源分布中占较大比重,为确定近距离煤层群开采过程中下煤层开切眼的合理位置,基于木瓜矿10-110首采工作面的实际工程背景,采用数值软件UDEC对该矿10煤开采过程进行模拟,分析了10煤覆岩运移形态,得到了近距离煤层群下行开采下煤层开切眼的合理位置,结果表明:上部煤层开采后在距切眼5 m的采空区边缘出现应力集中峰值,距切眼15 m位置应力最低,宜将下煤层切眼布置在此区域;下煤层开采至上煤层切眼与停采线位置时压力较大,应采取特别支护措施。该研究为近距离煤层群开采下煤层切眼附近安全开采提供了技术支持。     

刘桥二矿高承压水上开采试验研究

在淮北地区承压水上开采煤层的经验基础上,结合刘桥二矿实际,设计刘桥二矿以6112、6113、652工作面为代表的高承压水上初步试验开采.通过对试验开采的实践总结,对承压水上安全开采煤层的可行性进行了有益探索,对承压水上开采煤层时,底板涌水形式及其实质进行了深刻分析,试验开采经验对其它矿区类似条件下的承压水上开采具有现实的借鉴意义.     

平顶山矿区远程保护层开采保护效果试验分析

保护层开采是区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出等动力现象的有效措施。针对平顶山矿区煤层群开采的现状,对远距离下保护层的开采问题进行探讨。依据平顶山矿区某矿丁、戊组煤(间距90 m)的开采现场,对下保护层开采后其上覆远距离煤层的卸压效果进行了研究。通过现场矿压观测及瓦斯参数测试,结果表明:平顶山矿区虽煤层有效间距较大,但卸压效果依然明显,矿压显现降低,煤层透气性系数显著增加1 000倍左右,也充分表现了煤层卸压增透的特征,并采取合理的卸压瓦斯抽采方法,可以消除煤层突出危险性。     

龙宫煤矿井田开拓方式的探讨

通过对龙宫煤矿井田开拓方式的探讨,得出结论:本井田1、2号煤层赋存稳定,煤层倾角在3°～6°之间,对井田开拓无影响,但对井田开采有一定影响;本井田1、2号煤层均存在采空区,主要在井田北部工业场地附近存在采空区,对井田开拓开采有影响;全井田1、2号煤层以+747m一个水平开采,将井田划分为2个采区开采,矿井先期开采位于开拓巷道南侧附近的一采区。     

近距煤层开采的合理错距

本文根据在金刚煤矿矿压观测和相似模拟研究结果,提出在缓倾斜近距煤层联合开采时,上下煤层的相互影响.上煤层周期性矿压显现对下煤层影响与上覆岩层形成的平衡结构特征有关.按一定错距,下煤层开采有可能使其成为非稳定结构,矿压显现加剧。一定距离内能形成稳定结构,但移动量由联合开采煤层总厚变决定,支架阻力不够,控顶区会形成危险结构,导致冒顶发生。有限元数学模拟进一步证实和发展了上述论点.     

近距离煤层群下行开采下煤层覆岩运移规律模拟

为研究近距离煤层群开采过程中下煤层的覆岩运移规律,基于木瓜矿10-110首采工作面的实际工程背景,采用相似材料对该矿10煤开采过程进行模拟,从相似材料运移形态、移近量等方面对覆岩运移规律进行了分析,研究表明:近距离煤层群下行开采下煤层初次和周期来压步距、覆岩位移特征,为相似地质条件煤层的开采提供理论依据.     

东海煤矿薄煤层矿压显现规律

鸡西矿业集团东海煤矿位于黑龙江省哈达和东海两乡之间,东海矿是1958年建矿,后经过三次技术改造,设计生产能力90万吨/年,核定能力120万吨/年。矿井地面标高200—250米,目前矿井开采深部边界已达-737米,开采垂深达到-947米。目前开采的主力煤层34#煤层属于薄煤层开采,煤种为1/3焦,全矿区煤层赋存稳定。为保证该煤层达到高产高效的标准,对其煤层顶板运动与矿压显现规律进行了初步研究,为今后的安全生产提高理论指导。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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