以卵清蛋白为载体的固定化木瓜蛋白酶的制备及其性质

以变性的卵清蛋白为载体, 用戊二醛为交联剂固定木瓜蛋白酶. 通过正交实验考察了固定化pH值、 交联剂戊二醛浓度、 交联时间和酶用量对固定化木瓜蛋白酶活力的影响,确定了最适固定化条件： 5%戊二醛, pH 6.0, 交联时间20 h, 每克载体含酶量12 mg. 对比研究了游离木瓜蛋白酶和固定化木瓜蛋白酶的性质, 所得到的固定化木瓜蛋白酶最适温度90 ℃, 最适pH 9.0, 米氏常数53.6　mg/mＬ, 其热稳定性及耐热性均较游离酶显著提高.     

固定化谷氨酸棒杆菌T6-13细胞生产L-谷氨酸

本文比较了海藻酸钙、明胶-戊二醛、聚丙烯酰胺和琼脂包埋法制备固定化细胞的方法。前者较后几种有较大的优越性,是一种较为理想的固定化方法.分析了海藻酸钙法国定化细胞各主要因素对酶活性的影响,确定出制备固定化细胞的最佳条件.观察凝胶珠中细胞及酶活性的变化表明,细胞在凝胶珠中生长良好,有利于谷氨酸生产.固定化细胞发酵谷氨酸的最适 pH 为7. 0～7. 5,最适温度32℃,最适转速140rpm.每批发酵96小时,糖利用率为98%,产酸量达20g/L,比常规游离细胞增加15%.     

壳聚糖固定化蚯蚓纤溶酶及其性质

以壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联荆,用吸附交联法固定蚯蚓纤溶酶,对蚯蚓纤溶酶的固定化条件及固定化酶的各种性质进行了研究,确定了酶固定的最适条件:1 g用pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液浸泡的壳聚糖载体与5 mL体积分数为1%戊二醛在25℃交联8 h,充分洗去戊二醛之后,加入蚯蚓纤溶酶13 U,4℃吸附6 h,充分洗去未交联的游离酶,酶活力回收最高大约为63%,固定化酶的比活为0.082 U/mg.固定化酶,游离酶的最适温度均为50℃,游离酶的最适pH值为8.5,而固定化酶的最适pH值为8.0,固定化酶的热稳定性,pH稳定性均比游离酶有所提高,游离酶、固定化酶都能水解纤维蛋白原和纤维蛋白,固定化酶不再水解BSA.     

氨基功能化SBA-15分子筛的制备及对纤维素酶的固定化

采用共缩聚法制备了氨基功能化SBA-15介孔分子筛,以此为载体,戊二醛作交联剂,进行了纤维素酶固定化.考察了戊二醛浓度、给酶量、pH、固定化时间等因素对固定化的影响,确定了固定化最佳条件,并对固定化酶的酶学性质进行了研究.结果表明,固定化酶最适作用温度60℃,最适作用pH为4;固定化酶Km值3.61 mg·mL-1;固定化酶的热稳定性、操作稳定性、贮存稳定性均明显高于游离酶.     

壳聚糖固定化木瓜蛋白酶的制备及性质

以壳聚糖为载体 ,戊二醛为交联剂制备固定化木瓜蛋白酶 .研究了固定化时间、温度、pH值、给酶量和戊二醛浓度对固定化木瓜蛋白酶活力的影响 ,结果表明 :木瓜蛋白酶最佳固定化条件是给酶量为每克载体 10mg ,戊二醛浓度0 .5 % ,pH7.5 ,室温下 (2 5℃ )反应 10h .所制备的固定化木瓜蛋白酶的最适pH8.0 ,最适温度 70℃ ,与溶液酶相比 ,固定化酶的热稳定性显著提高     

蒙脱石K-10吸附固定糖化酶研究

蒙脱石是一种优良的吸附剂,采用吸附法将其作为固定化糖化酶的载体研究固定化糖化酶的性质,结果表明:每克固定化酶的活力3 442 U;固定化酶的最适pH值是4.8,比游离酶的最适pH值增加了0.2;固定化酶反应的最适温度是60 ℃,比游离酶升高了5 ℃;固定化酶的半衰期为12 d;固定化酶的Km=14.3 g/L,为游离酶的1.47倍.     

磁性复合微球固定化脂肪酶的研究

用壳聚糖和二氧化硅共同包裹Fe3O4纳米粒子制得磁性高分子微球,并以此为载体,以戊二醛为交联剂固定化脂肪酶,探讨了固定化过程中戊二醛浓度、固定化时间、固定化pH对固定化酶活力的影响.结果表明,固定化脂肪酶的最佳条件:时间为10h,pH为7.5,戊二醛的浓度为8％.同时还对固定化酶与游离酶的最适温度和最适pH作了测定,固定化酶的最适温度为50℃,比游离酶的最适温度为40℃,提高了10℃;固定化酶的最适pH为7.0,与游离酶的最适pH7.5相比,向酸性偏移了0.5.     

蒙脱石K-10固定糖化酶研究

蒙脱石是一种优良的吸附剂,采用吸附法将其作为固定化糖化酶的载体研究固定化糖化酶的性质,结果表明:每克固定化酶的活力3442U;固定化酶的最适pH值是4.8,比游离酶增加了0.2个单位;固定化酶反应的最适温度是60℃,比游离酶升高了5℃;固定化酶的半衰期为12d;固定化酶的Km=14.3g/L,为游离酶的1.47倍.     

纤维素酶固定化研究

利用固态发酵法从瑞氏木霉QM9414发酵液中提取纤维素粗酶液,然后将其固定在壳聚糖上,测定粗酶液的酶活力,固定化酶与粗酶的最适pH,最适温度和Km值.结果表明,粗酶液的蛋白质含量为33.33 ug/mL,酶活力为120 IU/mL.固定化酶的最适温度为60℃而粗酶液为50℃,粗酶液的最适pH=5,固定化酶的最适pH=4,固定化酶的Km值3.592 01×10-2,粗酶液的Km值为4.076 04×10-2,表明固定化酶的很多性质均优于游离酶液.     

修饰性载体固定化漆酶

采用壳聚糖铜固定化和交联酶聚集体的方法固定化漆酶.探索了固定化前后漆酶的最适温度、pH,热稳定性和金属离子对其活性的影响,交联漆酶聚集体制备的条件.结果为:游离漆酶的最适温度是20℃,最适pH是4.6;壳聚糖铜固定化漆酶的最适温度是25℃,最适pH是4.0;交联漆酶聚集体的最适温度是15℃,最适pH是3.6.固定化后漆酶的热稳定性提高,不同金属离子影响固定化漆酶的活性,其中K+的激活作用尤为明显.制备交联漆酶聚集体最适戊二醛浓度为1%,最适交联时间是2 h.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the