镓掺杂碳纳米管场发射性能的研究

采用催化热解方法制备出镓掺杂碳纳米管,并利用丝网印刷工艺将其制备成纳米管薄膜.扫描电子显微镜观察表明,纳米管直径在20~50 nm之间.对此薄膜进行低场致电子发射测试表明,其场发射性能优于同样条件下未掺杂时的碳纳米管、碳氮纳米管和硼碳氮纳米管.当外加电场为1.1 V/μm,发射电流密度为50μA/cm2;当外电场增加到2.6 V/μm时,发射电子密度达到5 000μA/cm2.对其场发射机理进行探讨.     

用机械破碎方法提高印刷碳纳米管薄膜的场发射性能

提出了一种可显著改善丝网印刷碳纳米管(CNTs)薄膜场发射特性的后处理方法,用机械压力通过隔离层对附着于CNTs表面的无机物进行原位破碎,并用高速气流清洁薄膜表面.同其他方法相比,机械破碎方法既不会在处理后的阴极表面留下残留物,也不会使薄膜受损.场发射特性测试表明,与未处理薄膜相比,经过处理的CNTs薄膜的开启场强从2.7V/μm降低到1.7V/μm,同样面积的薄膜(印刷面积为40mm×40mm)在4.2V/μm场强下的发射电流由70μA提高到了950μA,说明机械破碎处理对于提高薄膜的场发射特性有明显作用.该方法在碳纳米管场发射显示器的制作中具有很好的实际应用价值.     

等离子体表面氮掺杂对非晶碳膜场发射特性的影响

氢化非晶碳膜作为一种场致阴极电子发射材料已被广泛研究,通过对薄膜进行掺杂以提高其场发射特性已被证明是行之有效的方法之一.利用常规等离子体化学气相淀积技术制备了氢化非晶碳薄膜材料,在原位利用氮等离子体对碳膜表面进行N型掺杂.通过不同手段研究了氮表面掺杂前后非晶碳膜的微结构和化学键的变化,对表面掺杂前后的薄膜的场电子特性的测量表明,在氮表面掺杂后其场电子发射特性有了明显改善,特别是场发射的阈值电场从掺杂前的3.2 V/μm下降到掺杂后的1.0 V/μm.初步实验分析表明:由于氮表面掺杂后,在碳膜表面形成N-H键,从而导致碳膜表面的有效功函数降低使场电子发射特性得以提高.     

不锈钢衬底碳纳米管薄膜的场发射特性

不需要添加任何催化剂,直接在含有少量Ni和Cr成分的不锈钢衬底上,用微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)方法沉积碳纳米管薄膜.在SEM下观察,生成的碳纳米管取向无序,但浓度大、杂质含量少、直径小且分布均匀,其直径在50～60 nm,为多壁碳纳米管.Raman光谱实验证实了此碳纳米管中存在大量缺陷.场发射实验表明,本样品的开启电压低,电子发射均匀,发射电流大.当用ITO玻璃作阳极且场强为11 V/μm时,电流密度可达到31 mA/cm2;当用荧光粉包覆的ITO玻璃作阳极且场强为6 V/μm时,电流密度可达到1.25 mA/cm2,这时的电子可稳定发射,使该样品变成良好的电子发射体.     

硫化铜三维纳米片/带结构的制备及场发射性能

采用阳极氧化法,一步制备出了三维分布的硫化铜纳米片/带结构薄膜.实验发现,通过改变阳极氧化电流,可调控硫化铜纳米片/带结构的形貌演化,使之形成有利于场发射的三维合理分布.这既能生成更多的有效场发射位点,增强局域场,又可适当降低场屏蔽效应,几则协同作用使得硫化铜三维纳米片/带结构薄膜的场发射特性显著增强.开启电场可由8.2V·μm~(-1)降低至1.9V·μm~(-1),阈值场由13.5V·μm~(-1)降低至5.0V·μm~(-1),场增强因子最高可达6958.该硫化铜三维纳米片/带结构薄膜制备方法简便,开启电场低,电流密度较大,热稳定性好,在真空微纳米电子器件领域有潜在的应用前景.     

基底温度对氮化硼薄膜场发射特性的影响

利用射频磁控溅射方法, 真空室中充入高纯N_{2(99.99%)和高纯Ar（99.99%）的混合气体, 在n型（100）Si基底上沉积了六角氮化硼（h-BN）薄膜. 在超高真空（<10^-7 Pa）系统中测量了BN薄膜的场发射特性, 发现 沉积时基底温度对BN薄膜的场发射特性有很大影响. 基底温度为500 ℃时沉积的BN薄膜样品场发射特性要好于其他薄膜, 阈值电场为12 V/μm, 电场升到34 V/μm, 场发射电流为280 μA/cm². 所有样品的Fowler-Nordheim(F-N)曲线均近似为直线, 表明电子是通过 隧道效应穿透BN薄膜发射到真空的.}     

氮化硼薄膜的厚度对场发射特性的影响

利用射频磁控溅射方法, 在n型（100）Si基底上沉积了不同厚度（54~124 nm）的纳米氮化硼（BN）薄膜. 红外光谱分析表明, BN薄膜结构为六角BN（h-BN）相(1 380 cm^-1和780 cm^-1)结构. 在超高真空系统中测量了不 同膜厚的场发射特性, 发现阈值电压随着厚度的增加而增大. 厚度为54 nm的BN薄膜样品阈 值电场为10 V/μm, 当外加电场为23 V/μm时, 最高发射电流为240 μA/cm². BN薄膜场发射F-N曲线表明, 在外加电场作用下, 电子隧穿了BN薄膜表面势垒发射到真空.     

多壁碳纳米管薄膜场发射规律实验研究

研究了CVD法定向生长的多壁碳纳米管薄膜的在高电压条件下场发射特性 .我们发现在固定电压条件下发射电流和时间的关系按指数规律减弱 .另一个值得关注的现象是碳纳米管的发射性能的不可恢复性损坏 .电流电压关系也由幂次关系I =aVb 改变为幂次关系I =a(V -V0 ) b′,其中 ,b和b′的值均为 2～ 3.最后讨论了电流减弱的原因     

基底偏压对氮化硼薄膜场发射特性的影响

利用射频磁控溅射方法, 在n型（100）Si（0.008～0.02 Ω·m）基底上沉积了氮化 硼（BN）薄膜. 红外光谱分析表明, BN薄膜结构均为六角BN（h-BN）相. 在超高真空系统中 测量了BN薄膜的场发射特性, 发现BN薄膜的场发射特性与基底偏压关系很大, 阈值电场随基 底偏压的增加先增加后减小. 基底偏压为-140 V时BN薄膜样品场发射特性要好于其他样品, 阈值电场低于8 V/μm. F~N曲线表明, 在外加电场的作用下, 电子隧穿BN薄膜表面势垒发射 到真空.     

纳米碳管阴极的场致发射显示研究

以热化学气相沉积法制备的多壁纳米碳管为场发射材料 ,采用一种简易的喷涂法将其制备为场发射阴极 .首先 ,将纯化后的纳米碳管与乙醇和丙酮溶液 (体积比为 9∶1 )进行混合 ;然后用喷枪将经过超声处理的悬浊液喷涂在具有ITO薄膜的玻璃基底上 ,制备了 30mm× 2 0mm大小的纳米碳管阴极 ,并进行了场致发射特性实验 ,制作了场发射显示板 .该二极结构的场发射开启场强为 3 2V/ μm ,发射电流密度可达 3A/m2 .此显示板具有稳定的发射电流和很高的亮度 ,可望应用于大屏幕显示     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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