SERVICE VALUE NETWORKS： VALUE, PERFORMANCE AND STRATEGY FOR THE SERVICES INDUSTRY

1. Introduction The services industry provides services notgoods (Hughes and Mitchell et al., 1993). Thisindustry is moving towards globalization(Kathawala and Abdou, 2003). In 1870 theservice sector employed slightly more than 20%of the U.S.…     

虚拟现实与城市规划

讨论了虚拟现实技术在城市规划中的应用 ,并结合实际开发经验 ,对虚拟环境下用户界面设计、视景建模、实时渲染、交互式漫游、音效等有关技术进行了探讨。     

基于投影的增强现实系统中的光照技术研究

基于投影的增强现实系统是增强现实技术中的一个新的研究领域。针对基于投影增强现实技术的魔幻展台系统中的光照问题,我们提出了一套解决魔幻展台中真实场景与虚拟场景光照影响一致性的方法,给出了相关算法的关键代码,采用投影仪补充投射阴影的方法来实现虚拟物体的阴影制作,解决了真实场景与虚拟场景之间相互遮挡的问题,增强了魔幻展台中虚拟物体的真实感及与真实场景的一致性,取得了良好的效果。     

BENCHMARKING ON-LINE SERVICES INDUSTRIES

1. Introduction Benchmarking delivers a “comparison of a company’s performance in certain areas with that of other firms in its industry and / or with those firms that are identified as world class competition in specific functions and operations” (Davis et al, (2004). It can also cut across traditional lines, providing opportunities for new and innovative ways to increase performance, and be a “search for industry best practices that lead to superior performance” (Camp, 1989; Hinton et …     

面向流场可视化的沉浸式虚拟现实交互系统研究

针对基于二维显示交互环境的流场可视化应用由于深度信息不足导致交互效率较低的问题,引入虚拟现实技术,提出具备多样化交互方式的沉浸式流场可视化系统。该系统基于凝视与手势交互技术,设计并实现了基于用户手势的导航方法与三维交互控件,基于用户凝视与手势的沉浸式交互面板,以及基于可视化场景的沉浸式交互管理方法与基于可视化算法树的可视化网络管理方法,对用户交互进行了系统化管理,能够在沉浸式环境提供对典型流场可视化操作的全流程支持。用户实验结果表明：该系统能够在典型流场可视化场景下为用户提供高效、自然的交互。     

An Interactive Approach to Classification

Classification, entangled with obscurity and complexity, is not a task performed with ease. The obscurity in differentiating empirical taxonomy from conceptual typology plus the complexity of people’s perceptions as well as the difficulty in developing a versatile approach—all impinge on the path towards settling a classification structure grounded in consensus. This paper reviews the conventional approach and the prevailing approach to dealing with classification, scrutinizes the fundamental structures of classification and puts forward Interactive Management as a mechanism for unfolding the hierarchical structure of classification through a participatory and disciplined way. A case study—relating to structuring the value model of precision grinding machines in a multicriteria decision making context—demonstrates the manifold structures in classification, and demonstrates the establishment of consensus on classification structure from different participants’ perceptions, rather than a single designer’s preference.     

可视化及漫游技术的研究与实现

本系统是基于Creator和Vega平台,设计并实现了可选择路径的交互式漫游。根据校园内的特点,对实景进行拍摄并制作各种纹理贴图,应用photoshop软件对纹理贴图进行处理,实现了一种快速的实景建模解决方法,并使得人机工程学的理论得到了引用与应用。灵活的运用了三维建模的关键技术,建立校园的3D模型。然后将模型导入到仿真软件中设置仿真过程。并根据要求对仿真软件进行二次开发,用以实现选择路径的漫游。     

虚拟现实场景中提取2D导航地图的方法研究

虚拟现实技术向我们展示多姿多彩的景象，并且成为人机交互的趋势。由于Internet的普及，许多虚拟场景可以从网上直接免费获取；但是，在利用这些共享资源搭建自己的虚拟世界过程有这样一个问题：如何得到虚拟场景所对应的平面导航图。这种导航图是控制漫游路线的基础数据，但也是共享资源所欠缺的。本文提出模拟操纵法，通过模拟用户在虚拟场景漫游来获取路径数据，进而形成有效的平面导航图．     

Threshold proxy re-signature

The focus of this paper is to design an efficient and secure solution addressing the semi trusted issue in proxy re-signature schemes, i.e., the proxy knows the re-signature key from user A to user B, so he is able to translate any signatures made by user A to user B, which damages the essential requirement (“non-repudiation” property) of proxy re-signature schemes. In this paper, the authors first define the security model for threshold proxy re-signature scheme, and then propose two threshold proxy re-signature schemes based on Ateniese-Hohenberger’s and Shao-Cao-Wang-Liang’s approach.     

A Systemic Framework to Develop Sustainable Engineering Solutions in Rural Communities in Colombia

In several rural areas in Colombia there is a serious lack of water quality supply. Thereby the problematic situation is understood as complex one that involves stakeholders with pluralistic interests, multiple variables and requires the development of sustainable and suitable solutions. In order to address this issue, this paper proposes an integration of engineering design framework (CDIO) with a systemic approach. Particularly the approach emphasizes on systemic elements such as autonomy, systems within systems, cooperation between stakeholders and cause effect relations; it also proposes a previous observing phase for engineering design framework. Thus the proposed systemic framework aims to generate projects that improve living conditions in rural communities and promote the production of knowledge between the stakeholders to ensure sustainability in the long term. To illustrate the proposal, this work contains a case study that discusses a project carried out by a research team—Ingenieros Sin Fronteras Colombia—in a rural district near to Colombia’s capital. The experience, which involved and benefited 16 families in the community, provided strong evidence to support the proposed framework. The paper concludes with a discussion about the replication of this proposal in other contexts.     

Towards an Holistic Framework for Environmental Change: The Role of Normative Behaviour and Informal Networking to Enhance Sustainable Business Practices

The term ‘Sustainable Development’ is brandished by modern businesses as a marketing ploy used to suggest evidence of ethical conduct, innovative thinking and moral superiority. However, when analysing an organisations’ adoption of sustainable practices, it is often clear—within the UK—that there are few activities that have been undertaken as an ethical stance instead of legal obligation (McCormick in Environmental politics and policy in industrialized countries, MIT, London, 2002). Our hypothesis is that most methodologies and practices for environmental management do not adopt a holistic perspective, causing significant problems in implementation from inadequate structures and communication channels (Espinosa et al. in Eur J Oper Res, 187:636–651, 2008). In particular we consider that most organisations are currently stifled with management hierarchies that prevent informal/social networking, which may be one of the most powerful natural forms for self-organisation. It is proposed that sustainable development requires more efficient communication channels that foster self-organisation and self-regulation as a method for more productive change processes. In this paper, we explain the reasons why meta-systemic principles of self-organisation and distributed network management offer clear criteria to design an environmental management system that operates on the basis of self-controlled individuals and communities.     

生产物流系统交互性层次仿真方法研究

在交互式仿真对生产物流系统的分析过程中往往需要借助于虚拟现实技术和仿真与可视化的同步计算能力。虽然高分辨率模型能够更加精确的描述实际系统的行为，但是随着仿真模型复杂度的增加，整个仿真系统需要运行在高分辨率的条件下，导致计算机计算负荷增大，计算能力成为瓶颈。在虚拟环境下对生产物流系统进行交互式仿真分析要求仿真和可视化的实时性。基于层次建模和多分辨率仿真技术，提出了一种新的生产物流系统交互式仿真方法，并以汽车生产物流系统为例，开发了原型系统，验证了新方法的有效性。     

FUZZY SATISFYING INTERACTIVE MULTIOBJECTIVE THERMAL POWER DISPATCH： SWT APPROACH

In multiobjective optimization, trade-off analysis plays an important role in determining most preferred solution. This paper presents an explicit interactive trade-off analysis based on the surrogate worth trade-off function to determine the best compromised solution. In the multiobjective framework thermal power dispatch problem is undertaken in which four objectives viz. cost, NOx emission, SOx emission and COx emission are minimized simultaneously. The interactive process is implemented using a weighting method by regulating the relative weights of objectives in systematic manner. Hence the weighting method facilitates to simulate the trade-offrelation between the conflicting objectives in non-inferior domain. Exploiting fuzzy decision making theory to access the indifference band, interaction with the decision maker is obtained via surrogate worth trade-off （SWT） functions of the objectives. The surrogate worth trade-off functions are constructed in the functional space and then transformed into the decision space, so the surrogate worth trade-off functions of objectives relate the decision maker＇s preferences to non-inferior solutions through optimal weight patterns. The optimal solution of thermal power dispatch problem is obtained by considering real and reactive power losses. Decoupled load flow analysis is performed to find the transmission losses. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated on 11-bus, 17-lines IEEE system, comprising of three generators.     

变电站仿真中虚拟现实场景与实时监控的连接

变电站实时监控系统是变电站重要组成部分,它与虚拟现实场景相结合可以提供更加真实的仿真环境,达到更好的培训目的。研究了变电站仿真系统中实时后台监控程序和虚拟现实场景两者之间数据通信的方法。使虚拟现实场景与后台监控程序上的操作互相同步反应,以实现有效的交互式变电站仿真系统。并以实例详细阐述了采用模拟通信程序结合变电站仿真程序,按照IEC870-5-103规约进行数据传输,实现虚拟现实场景与后台监控程序连接的过程。     

交互式单兵作战仿真系统的研究与实现

介绍了单兵装备综合效能评估平台中交互式单兵作战仿真系统的组成，对系统建设过程中涉及到的单兵姿态实时跟踪、USB交互接口、仿真网络中数据传输、随机事件触发、计算机生成兵力等关键问题进行了重点研究。该系统营造出逼真的战场环境，为单兵装备综合效能评估提供了新的实验手段。     

基于OpenGL的冷轧轧制过程可视化仿真

虚拟轧制系统可以为现有轧机的设计和现代化改造提供技术支撑和仿真试验环境;可以探索现有轧机工艺特性,改善工艺参数,以提高产品的质量与产量。根据1200四辊轧机,采用先进的OpenGL建模技术、信息管理技术、交互式用户界面技术和虚拟现实技术,建立了一套能够完成设备仿真、控制仿真和管理仿真的冷轧轧制过程动态仿真系统。可以实现不同情况下的仿真,并且能够对输出结果进行追踪。     

"北斗一号"导航定位动态信号的模拟实现

随着GPS、GLONASS、GALILEO和我国北斗导航系统的建设，各种导航定位用户机在国民经济和国防建设中的应用越来越广泛，其性能也越来越受到用户的重视和关心。如何进行导航定位用户机的测试与试验，是很多用户必须面一临的问题。采用卫星导航信号模拟器，仿真真实的导航信号环境，对用户机进行功能检查和性能试验，是解决这一问题的有效途径。该文介绍了“北斗一号”双星定位系统的工作机制以及动态信号的模拟要求，详细阐述了模拟信号各种动态特征的实现途径，并对模拟信号进行了计算机仿真和系统实现。仿真和试验结果表明：“北斗一号”双星定位动态信号的模拟实现途径可行，能够满足各种用户设备的性能测试与验证。     

基于Java和VRML虚拟场景通信方式的研究

虚拟现实建模语言(VRML)是描述虚拟场景的一种标准。VRML 2．0标准一经推出，就引起人们的高度重视。然而大多教应用对静态场景的构造设计和利用VRML本身的事件路由进行简单的交互等处理得比较完善，对于如何从场景中获得用户需要的数据、如何让用户能够精确地设置场景的参数等深层交互功能却没有得到应有的重视。本文就VRML语言与Java程序结合的方法进行了研究，讨论了Java和VRML的通信原理，用Java实现了从场景中实时获得指定点的坐标、得到指定地点的信息、动态控制场景等功能，利用它在网上建立真正交互式的三维多媒体境界，并在此基础上建立了校园导游图的应用实例。     

VRML模型创建工具中可视化交互操作的设计和实现

虚拟现实模型语言VRML可用于构建基于Web的虚拟现实,由于直接用传统的文本编辑加浏览器验证的构建方法,未能提供所见即所得的建模手段和可视化的交互操作模式,不便于VRML虚拟场景的创建。鉴于此,在研究VRML现有规范的基础上,用VisualC 6.0作为系统开发平台,用目前通用的3D图形API标准OpenGL实现模型的真实感显示和动态预览,建立了一个VRML模型创建工具,并提供了可视化的交互操作模式,使得用户无须直接接触VRML代码,即可建立基于Web的虚拟场景。     

基于视觉的无人作战飞机自主着陆仿真系统研究

论述了无人作战飞机自主着陆研究中所涉及到的关键技术,并设计和建立了“基于视觉的无人作战飞机自主着陆实时仿真验证平台”。该仿真平台可以对所提及的多项关键技术进行验证。特别的,系统中应用虚拟现实技术,通过相关硬件使系统形成闭环,可以在数字仿真的环境下,实时验证视觉信号反馈对无人作战飞机自主着陆的影响。基于组件对象模型技术构建的仿真平台具有可重用性好、易于维护等优点。