In situ (α-Al2O3+ZrB2)/Al composites with network distribution fabricated by reaction hot pressing

In situ (α-Al2O3+ZrB2)/Al composites with network distribution were fabricated using low-energy ball milling and reaction hot pressing. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used to study the reaction mechanisms in the Al–ZrO2–B system. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to investigate the composite phases, morphology, and microstructure of the composites. The effect of matrix network size on the microstructure and mechani-cal properties was investigated.The results show that the optimum sintering parameters to complete reactions in the Al–ZrO2–B system are 850℃ and 60 min.In situ-synthesizedα-Al2O3 and ZrB2 particles are dispersed uniformly around Al particles, forming a network micro-structure; the diameters of theα-Al2O3 and ZrB2 particles are approximately 1–3μm. When the size of Al powder increases from 60–110μm to 150–300μm, the overall surface contact between Al powders and reactants decreases, thereby increasing the local volume fraction of re-inforcements from 12% to 21%. This increase of the local volume leads to a significant increase in microhardness of thein situ (α-Al2O3–ZrB2)/Al composites from Hv 163 to Hv 251.     

Y2O3-Al反应合成YAG相变分析

针对高纯Y2O3和Al粉体之间发生的相变和Y2O3-Al粉体固相反应法制备的YAG粉体进行了研究。Y2O3-Al粉体在摩尔比3∶10和转速200 r/min条件下球磨12 h,在1 200℃空气中煅烧2 h生成YAG粉体。采用DTA-TG表征混合的Y2O3-Al粉体热物性,并采用XRD、SEM表征混合的Y2O3-Al粉体、YAG粉体特性。实验表明：Y2O3-Al粉体在569℃时,Al粉氧化显著,Al氧化物继续与Y2O3粉反应;600℃煅烧后出现YAM相,800℃煅烧后显现YAP相,1 200℃煅烧生成YAG粉体;混合的Y2O3-Al粉体和煅烧的YAG粉体粒径均为亚微米级,粉体存在软团聚。     

Al/α-Al_2O_3界面结合的从头算理论研究(英文)

在从头算原理的基础上,利用平板模型和晶体堆积规则研究了Al/α-Al2O3界面.考虑了三种典型的界面构型Al(111)/α-Al2O3(0001)、Al(111)/α-Al2O3(1120)和 Al(111)/α-Al2O3(0112),目的是考察Al/Al2O3界面结合的本质.模拟结果与已有的实验符合良好.     

纳米Cu/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂制备与选择催化还原NO性能

采用NH4Al(SO4)2、NH4HCO3和NH3.H2O为原料沉淀制备γ-Al2O3,然后浸渍负载活性组分Cu2+,制成纳米Cu/γ-Al2O3催化剂,并考察其催化性能.SEM测试结果表明:制得的纳米Cu/γ-Al2O3催化剂粒径均小于100 nm.活性测试结果表明:在pH值为8.5时制备的γ-Al2O3负载上3%Cu2+的纳米Cu/γ-Al2O3催化剂性能最佳,在275℃时能使NO的转化率达到82.3%,与普通Cu/γ-Al2O3催化剂相比较,最佳活性温度降低了25℃,NO最大转化率提高了31.8%.     

Al2O3对B4C-Al2O3-Al显微组织与力学性能的影响

在B4C-Al2O3预烧体中真空熔渗铝制备了B4C-Al2O3-Al复合材料,分析了w(Al2O3)对复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:B4C-Al2O3-Al复合材料主要由B4C,Al2O3,Al,Al3BC和AlB2等相组成;随着w(Al2O3)的增加,复合材料的HRA硬度先增大后减小,材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性均先减小后增大,当w(Al2O3)为25%时,复合材料具有较好的综合性能,它的气孔率、硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为2.06%,84.4HRA,440.36 MPa和6.53 MPa.m1/2;延性铝的加入、裂纹的偏转和分叉、晶粒的细化、增韧相AlB2的生成及热膨胀的不匹配...     

氧化镍在γ－Al_2O_3和TiO_2－Al_2O_3上的分散状态研究

采用浸渍法制备了系列ＮｉＯ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＮｉＯ／ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂样品，用ＸＲＤ，ＥＸＡＦＳ等方法对这些样品进行了分析．ＸＲＤ相定量方法测得ＮｉＯ在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０６５ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３，而ＮｉＯ在ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０８１ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２ＴｉＯ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３。ＥＸＡＦＳ分析结果表明：ＴｉＯ２的引入改变了ＮｉＯ在载体表面上的分散状态．     

水热条件下CaO—MgO—SiO_2—H_2O体系中反应物的竞争与产物的转化机制

本文研究了 Ca O—Mg O—Si O2 — H2 O体系的水热反应特性。结果表明 :在 Ca O— Mg O—Si O2 一 H2 O系统中 ,Ca O优先与 Si O2 反应生成水化硅酸钙 ,Mg O部分固溶于水化硅酸钙中 ,部分生成 Mg( OH) 2 ,部分与剩余的 Si O2 反应生成水化硅酸镁 ;Mg O固溶时 ,可促进托勃莫来石向硬硅钙石转化 ,不固溶 ,则其转化温度提高     

新疆柯柯亚一带晚石炭世硅质岩成因分析

新疆柯柯亚一带晚石炭世硅质岩分布极为广泛,通过野外地质填图及矿产调查过程中的详细观察和硅质岩岩石学特征分析,并根据硅质岩具有低SiO2、K2O、P2O5及HREE;高Al2O5、FeO、MgO、K2O＋Na2O、TiO2、∑EEE;SiO2／Al2O3、SiO2／（Na2O＋K2O）值分别为11～25和37～74;Fe／Ti值小于20、（Fe＋Mn）／Ti值小于15、Si／（Si＋Al＋Fe）值小于0．9等特征,认为这些硅质岩为火山成因。而且Th／Sc、Th／U和δCe等值及稀土配分曲线和TiO2-Al2O3图解也明确指示了硅质岩属火山成因类型。     

Er3+/Y3+/Yb3+共掺杂氧化铝光致发光增强研究

采用sol-gel法制备了不同摩尔比例的Er3+/Y3+/Yb3+共掺杂Al2O3粉末.X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明各样品均以δ-Al2O3为主相.利用荧光光谱仪测试各样品的光致发光(PL)谱,结果表明Y3+的共掺杂明显的提高了Er3+的PL强度.Er3+/Y3+/Yb3+共掺杂Al2O3粉末的PL强度随着Yb3+浓度呈先增大后减小的变化,Er3+∶Y3+∶Yb3+的摩尔比例为1∶20∶10时,样品的PL强度在Y3+共掺杂的Er3+∶Al2O3粉末的PL强度提高了7倍的基础上进一步提高了近4倍,说明Er3+/Y3+/Yb3+的共掺杂能够更有效地提高Er3+的PL强度.     

SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2-Al_2O_3催化环己醇分子内脱水反应的研究

在SO2 -4 /TiO2 固体超强酸中引入适量Al2 O3 ,制备成SO2 -4 /TiO2 Al2 O3 ,用于催化环己醇分子内脱水反应 .研究结果表明 ,SO2 -4 /TiO2 Al2 O3 对反应有较强催化作用 ,Al2 O3 的含量、催化剂用量、反应时间等都对反应产率有影响 .催化剂易与产物分离 ,能重复使用 ,且不对环境造成污染     

α-Al2O3纳米粉体的烧结行为

为了探讨在无压烧结过程中α-Al2O3纳米粉体的烧结行为和致密化过程,采用高分子网络凝胶法制备了α-Al2O3纳米粉体,经冷压成型后无压烧结了Al2O3陶瓷,结果表明:α-Al2O3晶种的加入明显降低了高分子网络凝胶法制备α-Al2O3粉体的相转变温度,在950℃较低温下就可获得α-Al2O3纳米粉体;生坯的相对密度随...     

Al2O3-水纳米流体的导热性能研究

采用Hotdisk热物性分析仪测量了Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的导热系数,探讨了不同pH值、分散剂浓度和纳米粒子质量分数对Al2O3-H2O纳米流体导热性能的影响。结果表明：最优化的pH值和分散剂加入量能显著提高水溶液中Al2O3表面Zeta电位绝对值,增大了颗粒间静电排斥力,悬浮液分散稳定性较好,导热系数较高。从分散稳定和导热系数提高两个方面来考虑,pH=8.0左右被选为最优化值,在0.1%Al2O3-H2O纳米流体中,0.10%SDBS被选为最优化浓度。另外,Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的导热系数随纳米粒子质量分数的增大而增大,呈非线性关系,且比现有理论（Hamilton–Crosser模型）预测值大。     

不同氧化铝对轻量微孔刚玉骨料结构与性能的影响

以α-Al2O3微粉、工业Al2O3细粉为原料,经过湿磨制料和1 830℃烧结制备了轻量微孔刚玉骨料,研究不同氧化铝原料对轻量微孔刚玉骨料体积密度、气孔率及显微结构的影响。结果表明,在实验工艺条件下,采用工业氧化铝细粉或α-Al2O3微粉作为原料,均可获得体积密度为3.2～3.5g/cm3、显气孔率在5%以下、平均孔径为0.5～1μm的轻量微孔刚玉骨料,其800℃导热系数比普通板状刚玉小25%～42%;相比之下,采用工业Al2O3细粉作为原料时,所制得的骨料晶粒粗大,体积密度较大,闭口气孔在总气孔中所占比率较小,而采用α-Al2O3微粉作为原料时,所制得骨料晶粒细小,体积密度较小,闭口气孔在总气孔中所占比率较大,平均气孔孔径及导热系数亦比采用工业Al2O3细粉作原料时更小。     

H4SiW12O40/ZrO2-Al2O3催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

采用浸渍法制备了H4SiW12O40/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂,并通过FT-IR、XRD对其进行了表征。探讨了该催化剂对合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮的催化活性,研究了不同因素对产品收率的影响。在n（乙二醇）∶n（环己酮）=1.4∶1,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的1.5%,反应时间75 min的条件下,环己酮乙二醇缩酮的收率为87.5%.     

Electrical conductivity optimization of the Na3AlF6-Al2O3-Sm2O3 molten salts system for Al-Sm intermediate binary ahoy production

Metal Sm has been widely used in making Al-Sm magnet alloy materials.Conventional distillation technology to produce Sm has the disadvantages of low productivity,high costs,and pollution generation.The objective of this study was to develop a molten salt electrolyte system to produce Al-Sm alloy directly,with focus on the electrical conductivity and optimal operating conditions to minimize the energy consumption.The continuously varying cell constant (CVCC) technique was used to measure the conductivity for the Na3AlF6-AlF3-LiF-MgF2-Al2O3-Sm2O3 electrolysis medium in the temperature range from 905 to 1055℃.The temperature (t) and the addition of Al2O3 (W(Al2O3)),Sm2O3 (W(Sm2O3)),and a combination of Al2O3 and Sm2O3 into the basic fluoride system were examined with respect to their effects on the conductivity (κ) and activation energy.The experimental results showed that the molten electrolyte conductivity increases with increasing temperature (t) and decreases with the addition of Al2O3 or Sm2O3 or both.We concluded that the optimal operation conditions for Al-Sm intermediate alloy production in the Na3AlF6-AlF3-LiF-MgF2-Al2O3-Sm2O3 system are W(Al2O3) + W(Sm2O3) =3wt％,W(Al2O3)∶ W(Sm2O3) =7∶3,and a temperature of 965 to 995℃,which results in satisfactory conductivity,low fluoride evaporation losses,and low energy consumption.     

Fe(2/3)xNi1-xSO4-P2O5/γ-Al2O3的催化性能研究

通过Fe(2 / 3)xNi1-xSO4-P2 O5 /γ -Al2 O3催化剂对 1 -丁烯齐聚反应的催化性能研究 ,考察了催化剂Fe对 (Fe +Ni)的原子分率、焙烧温度、活性组分担载量等催化性能的影响 .结果表明 :Fe0 .5 3Ni0 .2 1SO4复合盐以P2 O5 为助剂的Fe/(Fe+Ni)值为 0 72 ,其担载量为 2 .36mmol/gγ -Al2 O3时催化剂活性最高 .催化剂的最佳活化条件为 4 50℃下非还原气流中活化 4h .     

Variation and optimization of acid-dissolved aluminum content in stainless steel

As a key step in secondary refining, the deoxidation process in clean stainless steel production is widely researched by many scholars. In this study, vacuum oxygen decarburization (VOD) deoxidation refining in a 40-t electric arc furnace + VOD + ingot casting process was analyzed and optimized on the basis of Al deoxidation of stainless steel and thermodynamic equilibrium reactions between the slag and steel. Under good stirring conditions in VOD, the deoxidation reaction reaches equilibrium rapidly, and the oxygen activity in the bulk steel is controlled by the slag composition and Al content. A basicity of 3–5 and an Al content greater than 0.015wt% in the melt resulted in an oxygen content less than 0.0006wt%. In addition, the dissolved oxygen content decreased slightly when the Al content in the steel was greater than 0.02wt%. Because of the equilibrium of the Si–O reaction between the slag and steel, the activity of SiO₂ will increase while the Si content increases; thus, the Si content should be lowered to enable the formation of a high-basicity slag. A high-basicity, low-Al₂O₃ slag and an increased Si content will reduce the Al consumption caused by SiO₂ reduction.     

CuO//La2O3/γ-Al2O3合成2-甲基吡嗪的催化性能

用改进的柠檬酸络合法制备了CuO//La2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,并通过XRD、NH3-TPD技术对样品进行了表征,探索其对乙二胺(ED)和1,2-丙二醇(PG)为原料合成2-甲基吡嗪(2-MP)反应的催化活性。分别考察了催化剂不同金属配比、煅烧温度以及反应温度、气体空速等对催化剂活性的影响。结果表明:当铜铝摩尔比为4∶6,煅烧温度为700℃时催化剂的催化性能最好;在原料液中1,2-丙二醇、乙二胺和水的摩尔比为1∶1∶2、反应温度为320℃、气体空速(GHSV)1 815 h-1的条件下,1,2-丙二醇的转化率为100%,2-甲基吡嗪的收率为82.7%。     

(Ni79Fe21)0.44(Al2O3)0.56纳米颗粒膜的巨磁电阻效应

采用磁控溅射法在玻璃基片上制备了一系列不同Ni79Fe21含量x的（Ni79Fe21)x(Al2O3)1-x纳米颗粒膜样品，并对样品的巨磁电阻效应进行了研究。在（Ni79Fe21)0.44(Al2O3)0.56颗粒膜样品中，扫描透射电镜（TEM）照片清晰显示纳米Ni79Fe21颗粒包课于Al2O3中。观测到了室温下近2.5%的巨磁电阻效应，发现样品的巨磁电阻效应随着退火温度升高而单调下降，不存在一个最佳退火温度。     

等离子喷涂Al2O3-TiO2系涂层的相组成定量分析

采用大气等离子喷涂制备了TiO2质量百分比分别为0%、3%、13%、20%、40%5种Al2O3-TiO2系涂层.利用Rietveld法以及添加标样的办法对喷涂前后的材料物相进行了定量分析,探讨了材料的相变过程.经喷涂,大部分α-Al2O3转变为亚稳相γ-Al2O3,喷涂粉末中存在的TiAl2O5保留在涂层中,有四种涂层中还形成了非晶相.涂层中的非晶相的含量先随着TiO2增加而增加,在TiO2的质量百分比为13%时最多,而后下降.这个趋势是喷涂粉末中Al2O3含量以及喷涂过程中材料的冷却速率共同作用的结果.