一种频选衰落信道上的STFC-OFDM技术

研究了一种适用于频率选择性瑞利衰落信道上结合空时频编码的正交频分复用(STFC-OFDM)技术．在现有的空时分组码的基础上。研究频率分集进一步发展设计了新的在空间、时间、频率域上三维编码的空时频码。并将其应用于OFDM系统中．理论分析和仿真实验表明，该技术能在译码复杂度较低的情况下。获得更大的分集增益。改善OFDM系统在频选衰落信道上的性能；与空时编码的正交频分复用(STC-OFDM)技术相比，STFC-OFDM有更好的分集增益和误码率性能．     

相关信道下宽带MIMO-OFDM系统中空时频码的分集度分析

针对在发射端和接收端都存在空间相关的频率选择性时变 MIMO信道,分析了MIMO-OFDM 系统中的空时频码的分集度性能,基于成对错误概率准则,推广了空时频码的设计准则.对于一个给定的空时频码,发现所能获得的分集度不仅与发射端相关矩阵、接收端相关矩阵有关,而且还与信道的时间相关矩阵、频率相关矩阵有关.空时频码在相关信道下的最大可获得分集度为Lrank(P)rank(Q)rank(RT).空时码和空频码只是该结果的一个特例.实验仿真结果验证了该结论.     

一种适于频率选择性衰落信道的空频编码

针对多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)通信系统，提出了一种简单而有效的空频编码算法：时域循环延迟法，即利用OFDM时域帧信号的循环延迟实现空频编码．理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明：该空频编码算法不仅能获得完全分集增益(包括空间分集和信道多径分集)，而且还具有与发送天线数量无关、计算量小和实现容易等优点．     

基于天线选择和STBC编码的MIMO-OFDM系统

MIMO-OFDM系统能够极大地提高无线通信系统的容量和频谱利用率,为了增加系统的可靠性,采用空时分组编码来获得空间分集.针对采用多天线所带来的射频链路增加,利用天线选择技术使系统不完全受射频成本的限制.该文提出了一种基于基本的MIMO-OFDM系统结构的改进天线选择方法,并将STBC应用到此改进方法的系统中.仿真结果表明,在频率选择性衰落信道中,该方法在通过天线选择提高了天线利用率的前提下,降低了系统的误码率,获得了分集增益.     

多天线OFDM系统全速率空时编码的分析与设计

多天线OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)系统环境下,针对现有全分集全速率空时编码分集复用交换之间的关系问题,在多天线OFDM系统模型下推导了其分集和复用增益交换曲线,进一步证实了FDFR(Full Diversity Full Rate)空时编码是一种最优的分集复用交换空时编码.给出了实现全分集全速率空时编码的设计方法.理论分析表明,全分集全速率空时编码具有较好的空间链路适应性.在中国未来通用无线环境研究计划(FuTURE:Future Technologies for a Universal Radio Environment)的系统配置条件下,仿真了全分集全速率空时编码的性能并与其他现有最优空时编码的性能进行对比.结果表明,全分集全速率空时编码具有更好的链路适应性和较好的性能.     

空分和频分混合接入方式下的无线资源调度算法

为进一步引入分集增益以提高无线资源频谱利用率,针对多用户多输入多输出-正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统下行传输,提出联合OFDM和多用户空间复用MIMO混合接入方式下的用户调度和功率分配算法。采用这种混合接入方式不仅能够通过频率信道和空间信道的调度产生多用户分集增益,而且能有效避免空分复用(SDMA)中频率复用产生的共信道干扰问题。在资源分配上,基于广义处理机共享(GPS)优化模型提出基于信道状态的并行加权公平队列(Cap-WFQ)调度和功率分配算法,算法在保证多媒体用户的最小数据率要求的同时优化系统的吞吐量。     

空分和频分混合接入方式下的无线资源调度算法

为进一步引入分集增益以提高无线资源频谱利用率,针对多用户多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统下行传输,提出联合OFDM和多用户空间复用MIMO混合接入方式下的用户调度和功率分配算法。采用这种混合接入方式不仅能够通过频率信道和空间信道的调度产生多用户分集增益,也能有效避免空分复用(SDMA)中频率复用产生的共信道干扰问题。在资源分配上,基于广义处理机共享(GPS)优化模型提出基于信道状态的并行加权公平队列(Cap-WFQ)调度和功率分配算法,算法在保证多媒体用户的最小数据率要求的同时优化系统吞吐量。     

MIMO-OFDM系统中的时变信道均衡

为了改善多输入多输出-正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)时变信道均衡性能,将最小均方误差排序串行干扰抵消(MMSE-OSIC)均衡算法应用于降维MIMO-OFDM信号模型的符号检测.该方法一方面利用OS-IC来获得时变多普勒分集,另一方面利用降维信号模型来降低均衡复杂度.仿真结果表明:该方法以较低的复杂度代价有效提高了系统性能.     

不同无线场景下多用户MIMO-OFDM技术的性能仿真与分析

以IMT-Advanced信道模型为基础,针对多用户MIMO-OFDM技术中的空间复用、空间分集和波束赋形及结合有限反馈的波束赋形等关键技术,研究了多用户MIMO-OFDM技术在不同无线场景下的误码性能。仿真结果表明,采用空间分集技术时系统性能最佳;采用波束赋形技术的系统性能显著优于空间复用;基于有限反馈的波束赋形技术能进一步降低LTE-Advanced系统的误码率。     

频率选择性衰落无线信道下的发送分集技术

通过研究平坦衰落信道下空时分组码(STBC)发送分集技术，结合正交频分复用(OFDM)技术，提出适用于频率选择性衰落信道的STBC-OFDM发送分集方法．然后对STBC-OFDM系统在随机信道和恒参信道中的性能进行仿真．研究和仿真结果表明，STBC-OFDM技术是一种非常有效的抗频率选择性随机衰落技术．与OFDM系统比较，STBC-OFDM系统误码性能得到很大改善，系统的频带利用率通过采用多电平调制方式得到提高．STDC-OFDM方法适用于数据高速传输的宽带无线系统的下行链路．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-