Fault detection observer design for networked control system with long time-delays and data packet dropout

Focusing on the networked control system with long time-delays and data packet dropout, the problem of observerbased fault detection of the system is studied. According to conditions of data arrival of the controller, the state observers of the system are designed to detect faults when they occur in the system. When the system is normal, the observers system is modeled as an uncertain switched system. Based on the model, stability condition of the whole system is given. When conditions are satisfied, the system is asymptotically stable. When a fault occurs, the observers residual can change rapidly to detect the fault. A numerical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Integrating dual-role variables in data envelopment analysis

Traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) theory assumes that decision variables are regarded as inputs or outputs, and no variable can play the roles of both an input and an output at the same time. In fact, there exist some variables that work as inputs and outputs simultaneously and are called dual-role variables. Traditional DEA models cannot be used to appraise the performance of decision making units containing dual-role variables. The paper analyzes the structure and properties of the production systems comprising dual-role variables, and proposes a DEA model integrating dual-role variables. Finally the proposed model is illustrated to evaluate the efficiency of university departments.       

Novel matched filtering method and its application

The method of using a narrowband filter to realize matched filtering is derived. A novel method of using spectrum sampling to realize matched filtering is presented, and the method can conquer the disadvantages that the narrowband filter cannot adopt the adaptive scheduling of phased array radars and realize matched filtering for several waveforms. A novel error extraction method is proposed, which uses a time division multipath method to realize the intermediate frequency extraction. This method can save lots of space for vehicle-born radar systems, reduce the influence of amplitude and phase distortion caused by devices, and enhance the system reliability. Simulation results show that the spectrum sampling method is applicable, and the implementation of frequency spectrum sampling is elaborated.     

LLR calculation for LDPC coded SCBT in 60 GHz WPAN

The single-carrier block transmission (SCBT), a.k.a., single-carrier frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE), is being considered as an option technique for the wireless personal area network (WPAN) operating at 60 GHz. It is found that for residential environment, in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) multi-path channels, the SCBT is much more effective to combat the inter-symbol interference (ISI) compared with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of linear block codes which provide near capacity performance on a large collection of data transmission and storage channels while simultaneously admitting implementable decoders. To facilitate using LDPC codes for SCBT system, a new log-likelihood ratio (LLR) calculation method is proposed based on pilot symbols (PS). Golay Sequences whose sum autocorrelation has a unique peak and zero sidelobe are used for creating the PS. The position and length of the PS are not fixed in the data blocks. The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the LDPC decoding performance in SCBT system. This is very promising to support ultra high-data-rate wireless transmission.     

Analysis and verification of network profile

The elements of network profile are proposed. Based   on the network traffic distribution model, the network profile includes   the application request rate, the branch transfer probability,   the ratio of application requests, and the probability distribution of   the requested objects. Based on the evaluation method of network   performance reliability, four simulation cases are constructed in   OPNET software, and the results show the four elements of profile   have impacts on the network reliability.     

Moving object detection in framework of compressive sampling

Compressive sensing is a revolutionary idea proposed recently to achieve much lower sampling rate for signals. In the image application with limited resources the camera data can be stored and processed in compressed form. An algorithm for moving object and region detection in video using a compressive sampling is developed. The algorithm estimates motion information of the moving object and regions in the video from the compressive measurements of the current image and background scene. The algorithm does not perform inverse compressive operation to obtain the actual pixels of the current image nor the estimated background. This leads to a computationally efficient method and a system compared with the existing motion estimation methods. The experimental results show that the sampling rate can reduce to 25% without sacrificing performance.     

Orthogonal genetic algorithm for solving quadratic bilevel programming problems

A quadratic bilevel programming problem is transformed  into a single level complementarity slackness problem by applying  Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. To cope with the complementarity  constraints, a binary encoding scheme is adopted for  KKT multipliers, and then the complementarity slackness problem  is simplified to successive quadratic programming problems,  which can be solved by many algorithms available. Based on 0−1  binary encoding, an orthogonal genetic algorithm, in which the orthogonal  experimental design with both two-level orthogonal array  and factor analysis is used as crossover operator, is proposed.  Numerical experiments on 10 benchmark examples show that the  orthogonal genetic algorithm can find global optimal solutions of  quadratic bilevel programming problems with high accuracy in a  small number of iterations.     

Velocity compensation methods for LPRF modulated frequency stepped-frequency（MFSF） radar

In the high speed target environment, there exists serious Doppler effect in the low pulse repetition frequency (LPRF) modulated frequency stepped frequency (MFSF) radar signal. The velocity range of the target is large and the velocity is high ambiguous, so the single method is difficult to satisfy the velocity measurement requirement. For this problem, a novel method is presented, it is a combination of cross-correlation inner frame velocity measurement and range-Doppler coupling velocity measurement. The cross-correlation inner frame method, overcoming the low Doppler tolerance of the cross-correlation between frames, can obtain the coarse velocity of the high speed target, and then the precision velocity can be obtained with the range-Doppler coupling method. The simulation results confirm the method is effective, and also it is well real-time and easy to the project application.     

Maintenance of multi-state production systems deteriorated by random shocks and production

We consider the preventive maintenance of a production system that is deteriorated by random shocks and the production process itself. The degree of deterioration is modeled by discrete and finite states. Shocks arrive according to a Poisson process and deteriorate the system by random amounts. The system may deteriorate whenever it produces an item. The system is continuously monitored and repaired if the system state is at or above a predetermined level for maintenance. We analyze the lifetime, product quantity, average cost, and average profit considering revenue from the product and cost due to setup, operation, and repair. Assuming a structure of system parameters and costs, using numerical examples, we investigate the impact of production and shock arrivals on the average profit and the optimal maintenance level that maximizes the average profit. The proposed model is applicable to manufacturing tasks in which machines wear due to production, for example, press processes, milling, turning, punching, and drilling.     

基于性能退化的产品组合维修策略优化分析

为准确掌握产品性能退化规律,合理安排维护与视情修理组合的维修活动,根据维护条件下产品的性能退化过程,利用累积失效理论,分析产品的性能退化特点.建立基于复合泊松过程的产品性能退化模型,并对水泵转子的失效规律进行了拟合,验证了模型的有效性.建立了定期维护与视情修理组合的维修活动概率模型,给出了失效风险的解析表达式.以长期运行条件下产品费用率为目标,失效风险为约束,确定了组合维修策略优化模型.通过对平台惯性导航系统进行数值分析,优化结果能够有效地延长工作时间,实时控制失效概率,使产品具备较高的安全等级,避免失效带来的不利影响,降低了维修费用.     

基于随机系数增长模型的状态维修与EPQ联合优化

针对生产和维修计划共享生产设备的问题,建立了经济生产批量和设备状态监测维修的联合优化模型.运用随机系数增长模型描述设备的退化状态,每完成一个生产批量就对设备进行状态监测.监测到的设备状态由设备的实际状态和监测误差构成,当监测状态达到或超过预防性维修阈值时,需要对设备进行预防性维修并更新,当实际状态达到故障阈值时,设备故障停机,需对设备进行故障维修并更新.基于两种更新情况,建立了更新周期内的费用和周期长度模型,并进一步运用更新回报定理建立了单位时间期望费用模型,通过对模型进行优化,可得到预防性更新状态阈值和每个批量的生产时间两个决策变量的最优取值.最后,通过国内某钢厂轧钢设备的数据资料对模型进行了数值分析,分析结果和实际情况相符合.     

Collaborative optimization of maintenance and spare ordering of continuously degrading systems

A collaborative optimization model for maintenance and spare ordering of a single-unit degrading system is proposed in this paper based on the continuous detection. A gamma distribution is used to model the material degradation. The degrading decrement after the imperfect maintenance action is assumed as a random variable normal distribution. This model aims to obtain the optimal maintenance policy and spare ordering point with the expected cost rate within system lifecycle as the optimization objective. The rationality and feasibility of the model are proved through a numerical example.     

“Unfolding” Natural Resource-Use Information Systems: Fieldwork in Botswana

My research examines the performance of natural resource-use information systems. I question why such systems, despite receiving substantial financial and human investment, appear to have a weak impact on projects, programs, and policy intended for rural poverty alleviation in developing countries. Drawing on my understanding of the process of unfolding introduced by C. West Churchman, and its particular relationship to Habermasian constitutive interests, I reflect on my experiences of using the concept during fieldwork undertaken in Botswana. The concept is found useful on two fronts: first, it provides a purposeful guide for gathering and processing information/knowledge—what I have termed an epistemological intent; second, it provides a useful template for evaluating other information systems; in particular, the role of expertise—what I have termed an ontological intent. The process of unfolding, as I understand it, also provides an invitation for constructive (rather than self-indulgent) personal reflection: what might be termed a constitutive reflexive intent. By making information gathering and knowledge generation less mystical and a more transparent social activity, the conceptual and practical application of the process of unfolding can help toward retrieving inquiry as being a purposeful, openly political, and thereby less deceptive engagement: features which I believe are found particularly wanting in the business of rural development information gathering.     

基于可靠度的多部件系统机会维护模型

采用可靠度恢复因子描述具有独立可靠度分布函数的多部件系统在不同维修方式下的可靠度演化规则,建立了基于可靠度的多部件系统机会维护模型,克服了传统模型基于运行时间建模而忽视系统劣化过程与时间之间关系非线性的不足.以服从威布尔分布系统为例,利用蒙特·卡洛仿真方法对其进行优化,结果显示,该模型符合生产系统的实际情况,能够为维护决策提供有力支持.     

基于T-S模糊模型的网络控制系统鲁棒H∝容错控制

针对同时存在网络时延和数据包丢失的网络环境,研究了执行器故障下一类非线性网络控制系统的鲁棒H_∞容错控制问题。基于不确定T-S模糊模型描述的非线性网络控制系统模型,考虑了更实际、更常见的执行器部分失效情况。通过引入一个积分不等式,获得了此类系统的时滞相关鲁棒稳定性条件,且采用锥补线性化算法给出了此类系统的鲁棒H_∞容错控制器设计方法。仿真算例表明,对于任意容许的不确定性以及执行器故障,所设计的控制器能使系统鲁棒渐近稳定,且具有H_∞范数界。       

装备视情维修与备件库存联合优化决策

研究周期检测条件下装备视情维修与备件库存的联合优化问题。针对相同多部件系统,根据系统的退化状态和备件库存状态确定维修需求,建立了以系统检测周期、预防维修阈值和备件安全库存阈值为决策变量,以平均费用率最低为目标的联合维修决策模型。在模型求解过程中,利用退化状态空间划分法分析各决策点的维修需求,在系统的联合概率密度求解的基础上,确定维修组合概率和备件库存状态概率。最后,通过末制导雷达某部件系统的实例计算,验证了优化方法的有效性,另外还通过灵敏度分析,探讨了相关参数对模型的影响。     

基于逆高斯退化过程的面向任务系统CBM优化模型

针对现有单调退化系统视情维修(condition-based maintenance,CBM)优化模型中不完全维修影响考虑单一,且未同时融入可用度约束的问题,提出一种考虑不完全维修双重影响与可用度约束的单调退化系统CBM优化模型.首先,基于具有随机漂移系数的逆高斯过程,建立系统退化模型并得到相关概率分布;其次,描述任务...     

基于状态空间分割的两部件系统机会维修优化

针对"硬失效"故障的两部件串联系统,制定了周期性视情预防更换、机会更换和故障更换相结合的维修策略,提出了劣化状态空间分割方法以分析机会维修模型中系统的各种维修组合的维修概率,并给出了系统稳态联合概率密度的数值近似求解方法.应用该方法建立了基于半更新过程理论的系统长期平均费用率模型,求解最优维修策略对应的检测周期、机会和预防维修阈值.数值实验表明了劣化状态空间分割法和费用率模型的正确性和有效性,分析了优化结果对各种费用参数的灵敏程度.     

考虑不完美维修的定期检测与备件策略联合优化

针对退化过程服从三阶段故障过程的单部件系统提出了定期检测与备件订购策略联合优化.该策略下,根据检测时系统的状态执行不同的维修活动:当系统处于正常状态,不执行任何维修活动;若识别轻缺陷进行不完美维修并采用比例役龄回退模型描述不完美维修效果;若识别严重缺陷则更换系统.当更换系统时需考虑备件状态:若处于存货状态则立即更换,若正处于途中则到货时更换,若未订货需立即订货并在到货时刻更换.考虑所有更新事件采用更新报酬理论建立以最小化单位时间内期望成本为目标的模型,同时优化检测周期和订货点.最后,设计枚举优化算法和离散仿真算法求解模型,并在算例分析中验证模型的有效性和适用性.     

基于维护的产品使用可靠性评估及应用

在对定期维护条件下的产品进行可靠性分析时,由于现有性能退化处理方法没有考虑维修行为对产品性能信息的影响,导致处理结果无法准确反映工程需要。考虑维护对该类产品退化量的影响,利用复合Poisson过程对其退化过程进行了建模,并给出了模型参数的矩估计方法,进而给出了一种与定期维护条件下的产品退化过程更加相符的可靠性评估方法。通过进行仿真算例分析,验证了方法的可行性,并说明了方法对合理选取维修决策具有一定的应用价值。