方向提升小波变换域稀疏滤波的自然图像贝叶斯压缩感知

针对压缩感知(CS)重构算法在实际应用中自然图像的小波变换系数往往无法稀疏的问题,提出了一种方向提升小波变换(DLWT)域稀疏滤波的自然图像贝叶斯压缩感知算法(DLWT-SFTSW-BCS)。首先对自然图像进行方向提升小波变换得到小波变换系数;然后在随机测量之前利用稀疏滤波切除小系数,消除了小系数对大系数重构时的混叠干扰;最后结合小波树结构的贝叶斯压缩感知重构算法得到自然图像的重构图像。实验结果表明,与仅利用尺度间相关性的小波树结构的压缩感知重构算法相比,DLWT-SF-TSW-BCS算法的重构峰值信噪比最大可提高10dB。     

利用小波系数上下文建模的Bayesian压缩感知重建算法

针对目前压缩感知图像重建算法没有充分利用图像小波系数尺度内相关性的缺点,提出一种上下文建模的Bayesian压缩感知重建(CBCS)算法.该算法假定图像的小波系数服从参数未知的spike-and-slab概率模型,先通过一种新的上下文建模方法得到待估计小波系数邻域内的上下文矢量,然后根据待估计系数与上下文矢量的相关性及其父亲系数的状态,推测待估计系数为显著系数的概率,最后根据待估计系数的概率,采用马尔科夫链-蒙特卡洛采样的Bayesian推理从观测向量中恢复出图像的小波系数,进而得到重建图像.实验结果表明,CBCS算法可以自适应于图像内容的变化,与仅利用尺度间相关性的小波树结构的压缩感知重建算法相比,在0.9的采样率下,重构性能最大可提高近2 dB.     

基于DWT的多尺度分块变采样率压缩感知图像重构算法

利用压缩感知理论改善图像重构的质量是目前图像处理技术研究的焦点。通过DWT域对图像每级分解时的每个子带中应用分块采样并结合平滑投影Landweber重构算法,提出一种多尺度分块变采样率压缩感知图像重构算法。比较BCS-SPL和TV以及多尺度GPSR图像处理算法,文中提出的算法使重构的图像质量提高了1～3 dB。     

基于近似消息传递的小波域图像压缩感知

针对现有的基于近似消息传递的图像压缩感知算法需要构建大尺寸观测矩阵的问题,研究基于近似消息传递的小波域图像压缩感知算法。为了克服逐列观测、逐列重构的传统变换域压缩感知方案隔断图像列与列之间相关性的缺点,提出了一种基于图像行列相关性的小波域压缩观测方案。进而,基于近似消息传递设计了一种适用于在稀疏度未知的情况下重建小波系数的压缩感知重构算法,结合图像小波系数的结构化稀疏特性与近似消息传递,实现了小波域图像压缩感知重构。实验结果表明,与现有算法相比,本文提出的基于图像行列相关性与近似消息传递的小波域图像压缩感知算法具有更高的重建图像质量与更快的图像重建速度。     

基于DCT频带能量的压缩感知重构算法

为提高压缩感知图像的重构质量,提出了一种基于离散余弦变换(DCT)分频带压缩感知的平滑投影Landweber重构算法.该算法充分考虑了不同的DCT系数频带对重构图像质量有不同的影响,对图像进行分块DCT后,按照频带能量大小重新组织DCT系数,对能量大的频带分配大的采样率,通过分频带变采样率的随机矩阵实现随机观测,采用平滑滤波器消除块效应,由投影Landweber算法实现图像的重构.实验结果表明,与BCS-SPL和MS-BCS-SPL重构算法相比,文中提出的算法显著提高了重构图像的峰值信噪比.     

基于小波阈值和字典学习的合成孔径雷达图像压缩

在小波域对合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像进行双重稀疏处理的基础上,提出一种基于小波阈值和字典学习的SAR图像压缩方法.利用SAR图像的统计分布特性,结合空间树结构对小波域的小波系数进行阈值化处理,利用递归最小二乘字典学习算法(RLS-DLA)将小波系数表示为字典稀疏,以在增大字典稀疏度的同时抑制斑噪声,并提高图像的重构效果.结果表明:在低比特率条件下,所提出方法比经典压缩方法的精度更高.     

基于单层小波变换的自适应压缩感知图像处理

文章在未知二维图像的稀疏度的情况下,提出了基于单层小波变换的自适应压缩感知算法,保留其中的低频系数,只针对高频系数进行测量。在小波变换把二维图像分成低低、低高、高低和高高的4块之后,利用稀疏度自适应匹配追踪算法,分别对其中包含在低高块中的列、高低块中的行、高高块整体中的那些高频系数进行恢复,再进行小波逆变换重构图像。仿真结果表明,与原来的单层小波变换的非自适应压缩感知算法相比,该算法解决了稀疏度未知情况下的图像恢复问题,而且重构图像质量也得到很好的保证,例如在相同的采样率下,新算法与原算法之间的PSNR相差不过2dB。     

基于压缩感知的图像自适应编码算法

利用压缩感知理论对图像进行固定采样率的压缩并重构时,由于图像各个块的稀疏程度不同,低采样率很难保证图像各块都具有较高的重构质量,而高采样率又会造成资源的浪费.为了解决上述问题,提出了一种基于压缩感知的图像自适应编码算法,该算法首先判断图像各块在DCT域的稀疏度,然后根据判断结果对图像各块进行自适应的压缩采样,从而确保图像在较低采样率下能获得较高的重构质量.实验结果表明,运用所提自适应编码算法在采样率平均值为44%时,重构图像的平均PSNR值可达到35,dB以上,并且重构图像所有块的PSNR值分布比较集中,从而使得图像具有较好的主观质量.     

基于小波变换和混合神经网络的图像压缩算法

提出了一种将空间方向小波零树编码与混合神经网络相结合，新的多尺度系数矢量量化策略．该算法在对图像进行多级小波变换后，利用3个方向上各自小波系数之间的相关性，构造符合图像特征的跨频带矢量，依据矢量能量和零树矢量的思想进行矢量分类，分别利用主元分析和自组织特征映射神经网络对3个方向的多尺度系数矢量进行基于视觉的加权矢量量化压缩编码．仿真实验结果表明该算法是合理可行的．     

基于小波变换的图像零树压缩感知方法

稀疏性是压缩感知的前提,然而,自然图像通常不是稀疏的,因此对图像直接应用压缩感知算法很难取得高压缩效率.针对图像信号,将编码思想融入压缩感知理论,提出一种简单有效的零树压缩感知方法.该方法先利用零树思想辅助压缩感知测量,在得到测量值的同时编码重要系数的位置;然后提出零树追踪重构算法,通过精确解码重要系数位置来重构原始图像小波系数,提高重构精度.实验结果表明,相比于现有匹配追踪算法和EZW算法,本文方法有更高的压缩比和更好的图像重构质量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with