一族高计算效率的FIR线性相位谐波陷波器

本文提出了一族运算量相当小的FIR线性相位谐波陷波器,在通阻带要求不高的情况下,它只需三个加法,就能很好地滤除干扰频率及其谐波.由于其阻带宽度可以调节,且不影响其运算量,所以对有一定漂移的干扰频率也能取得很好的效果.其设计过程非常简单,可以做到无乘法,特别适于用微机来实现. 对一个线性相位FIR低通滤波器H_L(z),将其内插M倍,得H(z)=H_L(z~M).设f_s=M·f_g,其中f_s采样频率,f_g是干扰频率,则H(z)就是只允许干扰频率及其谐波通过的梳状滤波器.若H_L(z)的延迟为N,令:H(z)=z~(-NM)-H(z),H(z)就是要求     

基于FPGA的数字陷波器的设计与实现

以FPGA芯片为平台构建了数字信号滤波实时处理模块,给出了50Hz陷波器的切比雪夫Ⅱ型IIR数字滤波器4阶级联的结构,提出了对滤波器系数量化的逼近方法,完成了基于FPGA的陷波器实现,并成功地实现了对含有工频50Hz噪声干扰的心电信号的滤波处理,通过与Matlab计算所得到的滤波处理效果进行比较分析,结果表明:基于FPGA采用切比雪夫Ⅱ型4级级联结构的IIR数字滤波器的误差满足设计要求.     

新的改进Sharpened CIC滤波器

提出了一种改进的积分梳状（CIC）滤波器.在改变传统积分梳状滤波器的延迟因子的同时,将锐化（Sharpen）技术和相位分解技术应用于此滤波器.改进后的滤波器与传统滤波器相比,减少了信号失真,降低了系统功率消耗.仿真结果表明,改进后的滤波器在通带范围内的波动很少,而且,具有较高的阻带衰减.     

全相位FRM陷波原理及其DSP Builder实现

为设计出陷波点可精确控制、具有高陷波深度及低硬件复杂度的陷波器,提出了一种结合频率响应屏蔽（FRM）技术与全相位滤波技术的高效陷波器实现结构.在分析双相移组合全相位陷波器陷波深度不足的基础上,指出原型滤波器和屏蔽滤波器内含的单窗全相位卷积窗是陷波深度得以大幅度增大的根本原因,理论推导出陷波器频率响应表达式,证明了在平移参数λ取非1/2整数倍的情况下,提出的陷波结构无需任何补偿和校正措施,其陷波深度高达约-200,dB.借助Altera开发工具DSP Builder对所提出的陷波结构进行建模、仿真,产生QuartusⅡ能够识别的VHDL源程序,利用ModelSim进行RTL级仿真,综合、适配并下载至FPGA芯片.实验结果验证了设计方法的正确性和实用性.     

DSSS窄带干扰抑制滤波器性能研究与比较

针对直接序列扩频系统(DSSS)窄带干扰抑制滤波器的输出信干噪比不仅与陷波带宽、陷波深度有关,还受陷波器相位特性影响的问题,推导了扩频信号经二阶直接型IIR陷波器抑制窄带干扰后相关输出信干噪比改善因子闭式解,并与Kwan-Martin结构IIR陷波器、最优Wiener解FIR滤波器性能进行了比较.由理论推导和比较分析可知,在工程实现中对于单频干扰的抑制,直接IIR陷波器优于其他三类滤波器.     

基于离散时间分数阶Fourier变换的多抽样率信号处理

多抽样率技术广泛应用于信号的分频带编码,图像压缩等领域．文中基于离散时间分数阶Fourier变换的chirp周期性和分数阶域滤波,定义了分数阶域等效滤波器．在此概念的基础上,得到了分数阶域等效滤波器的时域直接实现高效结构．然后导出了基于分数阶域等效滤波器的多相实现结构,并得到了分数阶抽样率转换系统的多相实现和分数阶域滤波器的多抽样率实现．最后得到分数阶差分抽样滤波器组和非均匀抽样滤波器组线性相位准确重建条件．     

梳形滤波器及其在生物医学工程中的应用

本文介绍了一种特殊类型的RC有源滤波器——多通路滤波器。它的优良的滤波特性除用于通讯系统外,特别适于在生物电信号处理中滤除由电源引起的干扰。本文首先介绍了多通路滤波器的一般结构和一种使用旋转开关的实际结构,并推导了它们的传递函数。接着讨论了梳形陷波滤波器的滤波特性、电路实现及进一步改善其信噪比等问题。     

全加结构抽取和补偿滤波器的高效实现

针对接收机设计中使用有限冲击响应(FIR)滤波器对级联积分梳状(CIC)抽取滤波器进行补偿滤波的问题,提出了一种全加结构无乘法运算的FIR补偿滤波器实现方式.通过对FIR补偿滤波器系数的近似,将滤波器系数用与它最接近的{2n}集合中的一个数表示,将滤波器乘法运算转换为移位运算,整个补偿滤波运算仅由滤波器阶数个加法单元构成.仿真结果表明,这种采用系数近似的算法在实现高速运算的同时,可以满足对CIC抽取滤波器进行补偿滤波的要求.     

核磁共振信号工频谐波的自适应滤除方法

针对核磁共振测量信号中的噪声,尤其是拉摩尔频率附近的工频谐波噪声干扰问题,
采用自适应滤波的方法进行噪声滤除,在自适应滤波去噪基本原理的基础上,对自
适应陷波滤波器的性能进行了仿真研究,并将该方法应用到实际采集到的核磁共振信号工频
谐波干扰的滤除中。研究结果表明,相对于传统的设计陷波滤波器去噪的方法,自适应陷波
器可自动跟踪干扰频率和相角,滤波后信号的失真小,通过包络拟合后,信号振幅和弛
豫时间的误差精度较高,可控制在5%以内,从而实现了工频谐波干扰的有效滤除。     

基于扫频滤波器线性调频信号的滤波算法

研究了白噪声环境下线性调频信号的自适应滤波问题.提出一种线性调频信号(LFM)自适应滤波算法.该算法利用分数阶傅里叶变换将LFM信号转化为正弦信号,在分数阶傅里叶域进行自适应滤波,利用分数阶傅里叶反变换得到滤波后的时域信号.分数阶的滤波器可以使用扫频滤波器替代.性能分析表明,该算法的滤波效果取决于自适应滤波器的效果,在使用最下均方(LMS)算法时,步长的选取决定了滤波器的性能,在实际应用中必须按需选取.仿真表明该算法效果明显,计算方便.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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