猕猴桃籽粕多酚的提取及其体外抗氧化活性研究

研究了猕猴桃籽粕多酚提取工艺及其体外抗氧化活性。通过分析不同提取溶剂、溶剂浓度、浸提时间、温度及料液比对猕猴桃籽粕多酚提取率的影响,得到了猕猴桃籽粕多酚提取的最适工艺条件为:丙酮浓度(60%)、提取温度35℃、浸提时间(80 min)、料液比(w/v)为1∶12,在此条件下猕猴桃籽粕多酚的得率为3.81%;体外实验结果表明,猕猴桃籽粕多酚对两种活性氧自由基(OH·和O-2·)均具有明显的清除能力,且效果优于人工合成抗氧化剂BHT。因此,猕猴桃籽粕可以作为一种天然植物多酚的来源,实现猕猴桃籽的高值利用。     

牛蒡籽油的超临界CO2流体萃取研究

应用超临界二氧化碳萃取技术,研究了牛蒡籽油的提取工艺,着重探讨了萃取压力、温度、萃取时间、CO_2流量对油脂萃取率的影响,优化了工艺条件:压力30Mpa,温度50℃,时间3h,CO_2流量30kg/h.利用GC/MS分析了牛蒡籽油的成分组成,比较了超临界CO_2萃取的油样和乙醚萃取油样的理化性质。     

双水相萃取韭籽粕多糖的工艺优化及其抗氧化活性研究

为研究双水相萃取法提取韭籽粕多糖的效果,采用聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相体系提取韭籽粕多糖并探讨韭籽粕多糖的抗氧化活性。通过单因素实验和Design Expert 8.06响应面试验优化萃取工艺条件,得到优化工艺参数为聚乙二醇相对分子质量6000,聚乙二醇质量分数14.50%,硫酸铵质量分数20.46%,在此条件下多糖的萃取率为85.39%。在优化工艺条件下,测定韭籽粕多糖对DPPH·、·OH的清除能力以及总还原力,结果表明:韭籽粕多糖具有体外抗氧化活性,随着韭籽粕多糖质量浓度的提高,抗氧化活性增强。     

超临界CO2萃取栝楼籽油工艺条件优化

利用超临界CO₂萃取技术对栝楼籽油的萃取条件进行了研究.采用单因素试验和正交试验分析了栝楼籽粉碎细度、萃取温度、萃取压力和萃取时间对萃取得率的影响,确定了萃取栝楼籽油的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,利用超临界CO2萃取栝楼籽油的最佳工艺条件为栝楼籽粉碎细度90目、萃取温度50 ℃、萃取压力30 MPa、萃取时间3 h,萃取得率可达39.6%.     

微波辅助提取籽瓜皮果胶工艺的研究

本文研究了微波辅助法提取分离新疆籽瓜皮中果胶的最佳工艺。探讨了各单一影响因素:萃取剂的加入量、萃取剂的浓度、微波功率、微波辐射时间等对果胶产率的影响。运用正交实验优化了萃取工艺,确定其最佳的工艺条件为:液料比1∶20,pH值为2,微波功率500W,微波辐射时间6min。萃取液经95%乙醇沉淀、过滤、80%乙醇纯化,最后在60℃下干燥,得到籽瓜皮中果胶的平均产率为18.3%。     

籽瓜中提取果胶的工艺研究

籽瓜是西北地区特有的农产品,尚未进行过深入细致的开发。对其富含的果胶进行研究、开发籽瓜深加工工艺,不仅开辟了新的果胶资源,而且对西北农村有着重要的社会效益和经济效益。采用萃取方法从籽瓜中提取果胶,通过温度、PH值、萃取时间、浸提比(籽瓜重量与水重量之比)四个工艺参数对果胶收率做正交实验,得到的较优的工艺操作条件为:温度为85℃;PH值取2.5;萃取时间为2h;浸提比1∶1;所得高品质果胶的产率是14.1%。     

超临界CO2萃取与同时蒸馏萃取法提取澳洲坚果花挥发性成分研究

分析研究澳洲坚果花挥发性成分含量,探讨不同提取方法提取坚果花中的挥发性成分的差异.采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析鉴定超临界CO2萃取与同时蒸馏萃取法分别提取的坚果花挥发性成分,用峰面积归一法计算各个组分相对含量.从超临界CO2萃取物中分离出164个组分,鉴定出58种成分,占化合物检出总量的85.55%.含量最高为亚麻酸(11.88%);从同时蒸馏萃取物中分离出142种成分,鉴定出53种成分,占化合物检出总量的71.06%.最主要成分为环氧芳樟醇(10.89%).不同提取方法提取的挥发性成分的组成和相对含量存在明显不同.通过对澳洲坚果花挥发性成分的研究,为澳洲坚果资源进一步开发利用提供了依据.     

蒜头果叶挥发油提取工艺及其成分分析研究

利用超临界CO2萃取法(SFE)对蒜头果叶挥发油进行了提取及其工艺探索,并利用气相色谱-质谱法对挥发油中化合物成分进行了分析.结果表明:SFE法的最佳工艺条件为萃取压力32 MPa,温度45℃;分离Ⅰ压力10 MPa,温度35℃;分离Ⅰ压力6 MPa,温度35℃,在此条件下进行萃取挥发油,收率为0.72%;鉴定出5种成分,占总含量的98.75%,未鉴定1种,其中含量最高的为扁桃腈,相对含量64.98%,其次为苯甲醛,相对含量13.12%.     

正交设计优化湖北山麦冬中总甾体酯苷的提取工艺

以湖北山麦冬(产于三峡库区)的块根为原料,采用微波萃取技术对其活性成分总甾体酯苷进行提取,通过4因素3水平的正交试验,用HPLC法测定湖北山麦冬中的甾体酯苷总甾体酯苷含量,最后确定最佳微波萃取的工艺条件是:62℃温度时,用20倍量的含乙酸和水各1.5%的甲醇溶液微波辐射萃取6次,每次辐射萃取50 s.     

食用花椒油化学成分的GC-MS分析

用超声波辅助提取法从花椒籽核和壳中提取花椒油,用GC-MS联用仪对不同材料中提取的花椒油的化学成分进行了分析.实验结果表明：用超声辅助法从花椒籽核和皮中提取的油的提取率分别为7.8%和6.74％.成分分析表明花椒籽核和皮中提取的油化学成分差异很大.用极性溶剂提取时,籽核油主要成分是烯烃,烯烃含量占总含量的48.73％,油中未检出麻辣酰胺物质.花椒籽壳油主要成分是羧酸和羧酸酯,含量占总含量的66.45％,其中酰胺类物质含量为3.84％.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has