Kinins in cerebrospinal fluid: reduced concentration in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Rat cerebrospinal fluid contains peptides which displace radiolabeled bradykinin from its specific antibodies. Two peptides which showed the same retention time as kallidin and bradykinin in a reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography system were detected in cerebrospinal fluid of rats. The concentration of radioimmunologically detected kinins in the cerebrospinal fluid of spontaneously hypertensive rats of the Okamoto strain was lower than that of the Wistar Kyoto control rats.     

The duration of action of certain corticosteroids in the acutely adrenalectomized rat as estimated by reference to their protective effect in endotoxin shock

Zusammenfassung An der nebennierenlosen Ratte wurde die Dauer des Schutzeffektes von Prednisolon (P) und Hydrocortison (H) gegenüber letalem Endotoxinschock bestimmt. P war 5–10mal wirksamer als H; ebenso hielt der Schutzeffekt von P 5–10mal länger an als derjenige von H.     

Variations of plasma kininogen content due to high sodium intake in rats

Zusammenfassung Bei männlichen Ratten nimmt bei kochsalzreicher Diät die Kininkonzentration im Plasma ab und normalisiert sich auf gemässigten Salzhaushalt.

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A preliminary report of this paper was presented at the IX Congress of the Asociación Latinoamericana de Ciencias Fisiológicas, held at Belo Horizonte, Brasil, July 7–12th, 1969.     

Plasma kininogen in extracorporal circulation and the influence of a protease inhibitor from bovine lung

Zusammenfassung Beim extrakorporalen Kreislauf mit der Herz-Lungen-Maschine wurden die Veränderungen des Kininogengehalts im Plasma und ihre Beeinflussbarkeit mit einem Proteasen-Inhibitor untersucht. Der beobachtete Abfall des Kininogenspiegels im Plasma während und nach der Perfusion und die Hemmung der Kininogendepletion mit dem Proteasen-Inhibitor sprechen fÜr eine Aktivierung des Kininogen-Kinin-Systems im extrakorporalen Kreislauf. Beziehungen zur Aktivierung des fibrinolytischen Systems werden angenommen.     

Dithiols simulate endotoxin in theLimulus reaction

Summary Dithiothreitol, dithioerythritol and bacterial lipopolysaccharides increase optical absorbance and clotLimulus lysate. Purification of dithiothreitol from possible endotoxin contamination by vacuum sublimation or chromatography does not abolish the reaction with lysate. The dithiols reported active here represent the smallest molecules capable of simulating endotoxin in theLimulus test.Acknowledgments. This investigation was supported by grant No. P30 14194 and CA 12635, awarded by the National Cancer Institute, Dhew.     

Bacterial endotoxin and impaired fetal development

Summary Small doses ofE. coli endotoxin given to pregnant mice on the 13th day of pregnancy caused only a mild maternal illness but induced resorption of approximately half the number of fetuses in each mouse. The remaining live fetuses developed normally and showed no evidence of retarded growth or malformations. The weights of their placentas and maternal spleens increased significantly. Endotoxin given on the 6th day of pregnancy caused a small reduction in fetal weights.Acknowledgments. I am indebted to Mrs.Heather Sandison for technical assistance and to Mr.M. J. R. Healy for statistical examination of the results. Dr.A. B. G. Lansdown kindly advized on the interpretation of histological findings.     

The concentration of high molecular weight kininogen antigen in homogenates of various human tissues

Summary The concentration of high molecular weight kininogen, measured in human tissue homogenates, was 2–3 times higher in kidneys, adrenals and thyroid than in homogenates of lung, heart, liver and spleen. No measurable quantities of this protein were found in homogenates of brain and skeletal muscles.This work was supported by a grant from the Department of Medical Sciences of Polish Academy of Sciences.     

Changes in hepatic glycosaminoglycans following endotoxin administration

Summary Incorporation of [35]S-sulfate into hepatic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is affected by intravenous administration of endotoxin. There are significant increases in total labeled glycosaminoglycans and in the percentage of labeled dermatan sulfate 72 h post-endotoxin.     

Shwartzman phenomenon without endotoxin preparation

Zusammenfassung Kasein, Pepton bzw. Baktokasiton wurde als präparierende Erstinjektion für lokalisiertes Shwartzman-Phänomen an Kaninchen verwendet. Nach provozierender i.v. Endotoxininjektion kommt es zum typischen Shwartzman-Phänomen. Da die verwendeten Substanzen Chemotaxis von Leukozyten verursachen, ist anzunehmen, dass die an Stelle der präparierenden Injektion angesammelten Leukozyten in der Ausbildung des Shwartzman-Phänomens eine vorwiegende Rolle spielen.     

Dithiols simulate endotoxin in the Limulus reaction.

Dithiothreitol, dithioerythritol and bacterial lipopolysaccharides increase optical absorbance and clot Limulus lysate. Purification of dithiothreitol from possible endotoxin contamination by vacuum sublimation or chromatography does not abolish the reaction with lysate. The dithiols reported active here represent the smallest molecules capable of simulating endotoxin in the Limulus test.     

Lack of endotoxin effect on the microcirculation after pretreatment with detoxified endotoxin (endotoxoid)

Zusammenfassung Die Endotoxin-bedingten Störungen an der Mikrozirkulation — geprüft an der Hamsterbackentasche und dem Meerschweinchenmesenterium — bleiben aus, wenn den Tieren 24 h zuvor detoxifiziertes Endotoxin verabreicht wurde.     

Increased vascular prostacyclin activity in rats after endotoxin administration

Summary Endotoxin did not interact in vitro with prostacyclin activity but stimulated its release from vascular tissues when administered in single doses to rats 30 min before testing.Acknowledgments. This work was performed with the partial support of the Italian National Research Council (contract CNR 80-01086-83, Medicina Preventiva-Arteriosclerosi).