脉冲神经元的NiosⅡ多核实现方法研究

选定Izhikevich脉冲神经元模型作为计算单元,讨论了4种NiosⅡ处理器的通信方法.针对Izhikevich神经元的特点,经过实验比较,采用其中2种NiosⅡ多核通信技术相结合的方式实现脉冲神经元并行计算结构.该结构能很好地实现Izhikevich神经元的功能,并且能充分体现脉冲神经网络并行计算的特点.     

基于自适应脉冲耦合神经网络的行人检测方法

由于受到光照等因素造成的散斑噪声和灰度不均衡现象的影响,应用计算机视觉技术实现行人的准确检测较为困难.为了提高交通场景信息提取的精准度和自动化水平,文中提出一种基于自适应脉冲耦合神经网络的行人检测方法.首先以像素间"准欧式"距离为参考,确定神经网络接受区中心神经元与邻域神经元间的点火贡献关系;然后根据图像灰度特征以及邻域综合信息对脉冲产生区的关键控制参数——初始阈值进行设定;最后对获得的初始结果进行多策略形态学修正,从而提取出图像中的行人.实验结果表明,该方法能够在有效提高检测方法自适应程度的同时,显著去除噪声的影响,较好地抑制过分割的问题,检测到相对完整的目标.     

一种基于脉冲耦合神经网络的运动目标提取方法

运动目标提取是视频分析和理解的基础,在视频监控应用中具有重要的意义.本文在帧间差分法运动检测的基础上,研究了运动目标的提取方法.针对现有方法存在的对帧间差结果噪声敏感和低效的问题,引入了一种脉冲耦合神经网络PCNN(Pulse Coupled Neural Network)方法.通过一种特别的映射方法,该PCNN网络模型能有效地抑制噪声,并能高效地提取运动目标.实验结果证明,该PCNN方法比现有一些方法具有更高的精度和更快的速度.     

基于结构的神经网络模型

提出了一种基于结构的神经网络模型，并介绍了利用该模型进行系统建模与参数优化的方法，该神经网络模型本质上是结构化的，网络模型的结构与系统结构相对应，网络中神经元的个数是确定的，神经元之间的连接不是盲目的，而是根据子系统间的相互作用关系连接而成，网络的部分连接权值与系统结构参数相对应，具有明确的物理意义，所以，建模后可进一步进行结构参数的优化。     

基于STDP的神经元连接电路的仿真和分析

人工神经网络是一种模仿人脑结构及其功能的信息处理系统,人工神经网络的硬件实现能充分发挥神经网络大规模并行处理的特点应用于各种工程中,并促进脑科学基础研究的进一步发展.本文实现了（integrate-and-fire,IF）神经元电路设计;完成了（spike-timing dependent plasticity,STDP）机制的电路设计;构建了基于STDP机制的神经元连接电路;分析了STDP机制对神经元连接电路放电特性的影响.研究结果表明：在基于STDP机制的神经元连接电路中,当突触前神经元和突触后神经元的脉冲尖峰具有时间上的差异时,突触权重会发生变化,且进一步影响突触后神经元的脉冲释放.     

基于忆阻脉冲耦合神经网络的图像去噪

为解决传统脉冲耦合神经网络的参数不固定问题,在图像处理中应用忆阻元件突出的记忆属性,提出了 应用两个忆阻元器件反向并联模拟脉冲神经网络中的神经元间的连接强度,构建新型忆阻脉冲神经网络,实现 神经元间连接强度动态可变化,再将该新型网络用于图像去噪问题。通过Matlab 仿真实验,验证了改进后的 新型网络在图像去噪方面的良好性能,并通过峰值信噪比和图像相似度指标证明了该方法用于图像去噪具有 较好的效果。     

基于视觉感知机制的轮廓检测方法

结合初级视皮层的结构及其功能特性,模拟初级皮层的轮廓感知功能,提出一种有效的基于人类视觉感知机制的轮廓检测算法.首先,利用局部能量建立复杂细胞响应模型;然后,结合初级视皮层细胞排列特性构建图像信息与皮层细胞的映射关系,通过模拟神经元间的水平连接机制,实现对图像轮廓信息的增强和背景信息的抑制,建立了以初级视皮层风车状结构为基础的轮廓感知模型.实验结果表明:所提方法在保持目标轮廓完整性的同时,对背景信息的抑制效果更为有效;可以更加有效地对图像背景纹理进行抑制和对目标轮廓进行增强,在一定程度上达到了轮廓过度检测与欠检测的平衡,检测出的目标轮廓位置也更加精准.     

跨越-侧抑制神经网络分析及其应用

针对神经网络的结构设计,根据仿生学原理提出一种跨越-侧抑制神经网络(S-LINN).该多层网络结构引入了层内中间抑制神经元的侧向连接以及神经元在多个层内进行的信息传递.通过分析网络的逼近能力证明网络的学习能力,设计基于误差反向传播思想的梯度下降学习算法.通过鲍鱼年龄预测回归问题的仿真实验表明,S-LINN在处理实际回归问题时,不但能够保证较高训练精度,同时可获得更强的泛化能力.     

GABA能回路在听皮层神经元频率调谐中的作用

为了解神经抑制在听中枢神经元频率调谐过程中的作用,本研究采用多管玻璃微电极胞外记录单单位反应的方法观察了去r-氨基丁酸能抑制后大棕蝠(Eptesicusfuscus)听皮层神经元频率调谐特性的变化,结果显示:(1)97.9%的神经元频率调谐曲线扩宽,Qn值下降(p<0.0001);(2)绝大部分神经元的最小阈值下降(p<0.0001);(3)兴奋性调谐曲线面积增加(p<0.0001).该结果提供了GABA能回路参与蝙蝠听皮层神经元频率调谐的直接证据.     

基于PCNN模型的区域生长图像分割

提出了一种结合区域生长算法和脉冲耦合神经网络进行图像分割的方法.该方法将待分割图像的像素点映射为PCNN模型中的神经元,把改进的脉冲耦合神经网络模型的点火频率同区域生长的理论结合起来进行图像分割.实验表明该方法分割的图像与传统的分割法相比具有边缘信息更加完整,区域划分更加准确,分割效果更能符合人眼视觉的识别特征.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that