槐豆胶及与黄原胶复配胶耐盐稳定性研究

在原有研究的基础上,对槐豆胶、黄原胶及槐豆胶与黄原胶复配胶的耐盐特性进行了研究。结果显示：槐豆胶与黄原胶单一胶耐盐性有所差异,其中黄原胶单一胶耐盐性较槐豆胶好,5d内达到稳定,且粘度下降幅度较低;槐豆胶8d达到稳定,粘度下降幅度较大。槐豆胶与黄原胶配伍,其耐盐稳定性明显提高,3d达到稳定,且粘度下降幅度降低。因此,槐豆胶与黄原胶配伍后,一方面可大幅度提高粘度,另一方面可显著提高耐盐稳定性,使成本大幅度降低,达到用量少、成本低和提高使用效果的目的。因此,槐豆胶作为黄原胶的复配食品胶应用于高盐食品中,具有明显的优越性和广阔的应用前景。     

浑浊型玉米汁饮料稳定剂研究

主要对浑浊型玉米饮料稳定剂进行了研究,并确定了最佳稳定刺配方。实验表明：玉米汁饮料经调配后,配以黄原胶0．08％,海藻胶0．15％,CMS—Na0．10％,瓜尔豆胶0．02％,CMC—Na0．08％和单甘酯0．05％,此时所制得的产品稳定性最佳     

果粒悬浮饮料生产工艺研究

对悬浮果粒饮料生产工艺流程中的悬浮剂、防腐剂及色泽3个关键因素进行研究．结果表明：悬浮剂应使用由琼脂、海藻酸钠、黄原胶酯等食品胶复配而成的XC型悬浮剂,且0．2％的酸质量分数及在清水中降温30min凝胶形成效果最佳;悬浮果葡糖浆与苹果汁溶解温度控制在60℃左右,物料定容后成品温度控制在80℃,杀菌10min,并降温至（62±2）℃,防腐剂使用0．02％脱氢醋酸钠与0．08％苯甲酸钠复配型为宜．优化后的工艺条件生产的产品凝胶稳定性好,无色透明,口感好,保质期长．     

增稠剂对热反应香精稳定性的影响

研究了不同增稠剂对热反应香精沉淀率和感官特性的影响。通过单因素实验从海藻酸丙二醇酯（PGA）、黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC—Na）、变性淀粉及瓜尔豆胶等单体增稠剂中选择最佳的3种；然后进行正交试验。结果表明，黄原胶用量0．15％，变性淀粉用量3．0％，CMC—Na用量0．25％时热反应香精的质量和稳定性最佳。     

灌注桩绿色泥浆制备及泥皮的渗透特性

泥浆在地基处理、泥水盾构等工程中起重要角色,增稠剂是泥浆质量的关键所在。传统泥浆使用的增稠剂主要为羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC),这种泥浆降解难度大,很容易污染环境。针对以上问题,采用瓜尔胶和黄原胶来取代传统泥浆添加剂进行绿色泥浆配置。通过配比实验和改进滤失实验研究泥浆的最优配比以及其新型泥皮的渗透特性。结果表明：瓜尔胶：黄原胶最优配比为1：5。通过增加试验压力,可以减小泥皮孔隙比,从而有效降低泥皮的渗透系数。CMC和新型添加剂对泥浆改性效果大致相同,在膨润土添加2.5g瓜尔胶与0.5g黄原胶得到的泥皮渗透系数比同质量分数纯膨润土泥浆小3个数量级。新型天然添加剂对泥浆的改性效果较好,添加高分子材料会使形成的泥皮厚度变小。试验和理论分析结果证明了新型绿色泥浆在桩基工程应用的可行性,可推广应用。     

黄原胶水溶液管道流动减阻特性的试验

对连续循环光滑管道(直径分别为5,10,20 mm)中黄原胶水溶液流动的减阻特性进行了试验,分析了黄原胶减阻的浓度效应、管径效应以及抗剪切特性,得到了减阻率与黄原胶水溶液浓度的关系曲线、雷诺数(Re)与减阻率的影响曲线以及减阻率与剪切时间的变化曲线.结果表明:黄原胶是很好的减阻剂,在较低Re流动时黄原胶在相对较小直径(5,10 mm)管道中表现为B型减阻特性,而在较大管径(20 mm)中则为A型减阻;在高Re时黄原胶水溶液在3种管径管道流动中皆表现为B型减阻,由于其主要具有B型减阻特性,使得黄原胶具有较好的抗剪切特性.     

高效抗溶型泡沫灭火剂的研究

抗溶型泡沫灭火剂的灭火效率,主要取决于抗溶成膜组分和起泡组分。研究了5种水溶性高分子成膜物质(黄原胶、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素、非离子型聚丙烯酰胺和阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺)及其复配物的抗溶性能,以及3种起泡剂(烷基糖苷、十二烷基硫酸钠、月桂丙基甜菜碱)的泡沫性能,并将实验室研制的泡沫液与市售抗溶型泡沫灭火剂进行了对比实验。研究结果表明,黄原胶形成凝胶膜的性能最好;它通过非离子型聚丙烯酰胺改性后,抗溶效果可得到进一步提升,黄原胶和非离子型聚丙烯酰胺最佳的质量分数分别为1.5%和0.5%;3种起泡剂中,烷基糖苷的起泡性能最好,其最佳使用质量分数为20%;具有1.5%黄原胶、0.5%非离子型聚丙烯酰胺和20%烷基糖苷组成的泡沫液具有良好的抗溶性、泡沫稳定性和泡沫寿命,优于市售产品,其在乙醇表面的最大泡沫体积为440mL,15min后残留泡沫体积为400mL。     

黄原胶-黏土复合基材岩坡生态修复试验研究

采用黄原胶与黏土形成黄原胶-黏土复合基材,通过室内试验对其强度、蒸发特性、抗冲刷性以及其对植被发芽生长的影响进行研究,并利用扫描电子显微镜对复合基材的微观结构进行分析与研究。研究结果表明：随着黄原胶含量的增加,复合基材的黏聚力呈现先增大后趋向于稳定的趋势,内摩擦角则不断增加。黄原胶可以有效改善复合基材的蒸发特性和抗冲刷特性。随黄原胶含量的增加,土体的平均蒸发速率明显降低,并使表层的开裂现象得到明显改善,土体的冲刷率不断地降低。黄原胶可以促进植被的生长,使种子的发芽时间提前,植被生长更加茂盛。但当黄原胶含量过大时,植被的发芽与生长被抑制。黄原胶可以在复合基材内部的形成大量的薄膜,填充土颗粒表面以及土颗粒之间的孔隙和裂缝,将土颗粒链接为一个整体,使复合基材的整体结构更加紧密。     

生物胶改良黏土抗崩解特性试验研究

为研究生物胶对黏土抗崩解性的影响,采用黄原胶、瓜尔胶及黄原胶与瓜尔胶质量比为1∶1混合的复合胶对黏土进行改良,通过抗崩解试验,探究生物胶的含量和种类、压实度对改良黏土抗崩解特性的影响规律,并结合扫描电镜试验进一步分析了生物胶的改良机理。结果表明:生物胶通过增强土体颗粒之间黏聚力增强改良黏土的抗崩解特性,其崩解破坏过程可分为稳定前崩解阶段、稳定崩解阶段及稳定后崩解阶段;随着生物胶含量的增大,改良黏土稳定前崩解阶段延长,崩解速率减缓,崩解率降低;复合胶改良黏土抗崩解特性在质量分数大于1.0%后强于单一生物胶;随着压实度的提升,试样抗崩解特性明显改善。     

4%烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂制备及其粒度分布的影响因素研究

农药油悬浮剂是很有开发前景的新剂型,从影响油悬浮剂粒度大小的各种因素如溶剂、分散剂及其配比和研磨时间及研磨转速等对4％烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂制备的加工工艺进行了系统的研究,所得到的4％烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂的最佳配方为：烟嘧磺隆,4％;分散剂NNO,1．5％;OP-7,1％;农乳0201,1％;黄原胶,0．5％;大豆油和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯补齐到100％;加工过程中砂磨机转速为6000rpm,研磨时间为4—5h;该工艺条件制备的4％烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂悬浮率为91．2％,在54±2℃条件下热储14d无沉淀和结块以及分层现象出现,有效成分的分解率为1．5％．该剂型质量合格,可以用于工业化生产．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has