Active formation of 'chaos terrain' over shallow subsurface water on Europa

Europa, the innermost icy satellite of Jupiter, has a tortured young surface and sustains a liquid water ocean below an ice shell of highly debated thickness. Quasi-circular areas of ice disruption called chaos terrains are unique to Europa, and both their formation and the ice-shell thickness depend on Europa's thermal state. No model so far has been able to explain why features such as Conamara Chaos stand above surrounding terrain and contain matrix domes. Melt-through of a thin (few-kilometre) shell is thermodynamically improbable and cannot raise the ice. The buoyancy of material rising as either plumes of warm, pure ice called diapirs or convective cells in a thick (>10 kilometres) shell is insufficient to produce the observed chaos heights, and no single plume can create matrix domes. Here we report an analysis of archival data from Europa, guided by processes observed within Earth's subglacial volcanoes and ice shelves. The data suggest that chaos terrains form above liquid water lenses perched within the ice shell as shallow as 3?kilometres. Our results suggest that ice-water interactions and freeze-out give rise to the diverse morphologies and topography of chaos terrains. The sunken topography of Thera Macula indicates that Europa is actively resurfacing over a lens comparable in volume to the Great Lakes in North America.     

Ice-volcanism due to tidal stress on Europa

Tectonism would be driven by tidal beat on Europa, and there may be ice-volcano on the surface of active Europa. We assume that ice-volcano would spurt out due to tidal stress, and calculate the velocity and height of the spurt in scale. We also find out the approximate distribution of the active volcanoes on Europa.     

跨越时空的共鸣--当代美国和中国唐朝文化的几点共性

当代美国，如今唯一的超级大国；中国唐朝，中世纪屈指可数的世界性强国。它们的强大必然有着内在的文化动因，文章探索了相差千年、相距万里的两个强国之间共同享有的文化价值观。     

时间滑动窗口上数据流极值聚集的空间优化

传统的数据流极值聚集方法在极端情形下为获得连续的精确解,会因维护大量候选项而导致巨大的内存开销,为此文中提出了一种时间滑动窗口上内存有界的极值聚集方法.在候选项数量达到指定阈值时,该方法随机抽样新到达窗口的数据,使得内存维护有限数量的候选项,连续返回极值近似解.设计了一种空间有界的摘要数据结构REx-link,可以在有界的内存中基于随机抽样进行维护,实现时间滑动窗口上的数据流极值聚集.从理论上证明了随机算法的出错概率存在上界,并通过仿真实验分析了算法的返回结果与精确解的近似程度.分析表明,计算精度和空间开销的折中是实际应用可接受的.     

单节点3次样条空间上的正交基

正交基在许多问题中有重要的应用.在计算机辅助设计中所常用的B样条基不是正交基.尝试构造三次样条空间中的一组正交基.给定区间[a,b]上的一个节点向量a=t0相似文献   

献身使命与革命军人核心价值观

献身使命是革命军人核心价值观有机整体中的一个部分。从理论上理清献身使命与核心价值观其他四个方面之间的关系,对培育我军官兵核心价值观,履行新世纪新阶段历史使命有着重要的意义。     

n维复空间上Fock空间的循环向量

给出了定义在n维复空间Cn上的Fock空间L2a(Cn)中的循环向量的一个完整刻划,证明了L2a(Cn)中的函数f(z)是循环向量当且仅当f(z)不取零值.