微装配系统中精密定位装置的研制

介绍了一种微型装配系统中的精密定位装置，该系统利用了外形尺寸为2mm的电磁型微电动机制作了 5mm×6mm的微型机器人小车作为粗定位的执行器和装配机器人；利用压电晶体的压电、电致伸缩特性实现了 微工作台的精密定位．系统还利用了图像采集系统来实现位置反馈和实时系统状态显示和控制，微型定位装置的 研制使构造真正的微型装配系统成为可能．     

超微型电动机实用化的关键技术及应用前景

电磁型超微型电动机是微机电系统中的关键部件。论述了直径１～３ｍｍ电磁型超微型电动机设计中的若干关键问题，如微型电动机的结构设计、磁路设计，以及微型电动机中的发热、温升和微摩擦问题等。简要地讨论了电磁型微型电动机的应用前景，例举了它在医学内窥镜、微泵、微激光扫描器中的应用。     

微装配系统中精密定位装置的研制

介绍了一种微型装配系统中的精密定位装置 ,该系统利用了外形尺寸为 2 mm的电磁型微电动机制作了 5mm× 6mm的微型机器人小车作为粗定位的执行器和装配机器人 ;利用压电晶体的压电、电致伸缩特性实现了微工作台的精密定位 .系统还利用了图像采集系统来实现位置反馈和实时系统状态显示和控制 ,微型定位装置的研制使构造真正的微型装配系统成为可能     

驾驶机器人车辆多新息动态转向力矩补偿

为了减小驾驶机器人车辆长期自动驾驶过程中转向性能下降带来的影响,提出了一种基于多新息的驾驶机器人车辆动态转向力矩补偿方法。构建了车辆动力学模型和驾驶机器人车辆动力学模型;建立了以路径曲率及车速为输入、方向盘转向角为输出的驾驶机器人车辆转向性能离线自学习模型;建立了以方向盘角速度、角加速度及车轮转角为输入,转向机械手驱动力矩为输出的受控自回归在线辨识模型,并运用遗忘因子多新息最小二乘方法进行参数辨识,将迭代计算过程中的标量新息扩展为向量新息,提高了驾驶机器人车辆转向性能参数的辨识精度;驾驶机器人车辆自动驾驶过程中,利用离线自学习模型和转向机械手动力学方程计算出转向电机输出力矩,加上反馈回来的驱动力矩误差,实现对驾驶机器人车辆转向力矩的在线动态补偿。仿真与试验结果对比表明:所提方法辨识的转向力矩误差在0.1N·m以内,跟踪目标路径的横向位移偏差小于0.2m;所提方法有效减小了驾驶机器人车辆转向性能下降造成的影响。     

智能控制器在机器人机械手位置控制中的应用

以JJR 1型教学机器人为基础描述了智能控制器在机械手定位控制中的应用。对机器人机械手的臂关节进行了测试与折算,给出了其数学模型。在此基础上提出了采用模糊控制器智能自调整因子的方式来提高机械手的定位精度。仿真实验结果表明,采用此法能够克服单纯使用PID控制存在的死区和超调,使系统输出超调明显减小,定位精度得到提高。     

基于SolidWorks与Adams的焊接机器人动力学仿真

本文先用拉格朗日法对一款六自由度焊接机器人进行动力学分析,得出该机器人各个关节的峰值力矩理论值。并运用Solid Works建立了该款机器人的三维装配模型,将其导入到Adams后进行动力学仿真分析,在Adams中仿真出焊接机器人在不同工况下各个运动情况,得出各个关节处的力矩图。并将仿真出的峰值力矩与所求的理论峰值力矩对比,验证仿真数据的正确性。将仿真结果与该机器人各个驱动关节处电机经减速器减速后的输出力矩对比,验证电机选型的合理性。     

仿人柔性关节耦合建模及变负载振动抑制

针对仿人柔性关节负载突变引起的关节振动问题，提出一种基于状态观测器的转矩补偿控制方法.通过控制电动机输出与扰动力矩等值的转矩增量，使关节力矩快速平衡变化后的负载力矩，缩短弹性元件被动适应负载变化的振荡过程.设计了估计负载扰动转矩和电动机转速的状态观测器，并利用Lyapunov函数证明其收敛性；建立基于比例积分-积分比例(PI-IP)转速调节器的驱动系统控制结构，并将观测器的输出前馈输入到转速调节器中，提高系统抗干扰能力.仿真结果表明，与比例积分微分(PID)控制和关节力反馈比例微分(PD)控制相比，所提方法能够在负载变化后的0.6 s内使电动机转速恢复稳定，并在1 s内实现关节振动抑制，关节转速调节时间分别缩短了约1.8 s和0.9 s,有效提升系统动态调节能力.最后，通过在一体化柔性关节测试平台上的实验，验证了所提方法的有效性.     

基于输入有界机器人鲁棒自适应控制策略研究

本文针对常规机器人的鲁棒控制器设计的保守性和实际中执行机构输出的有界性产生矛盾，设计出一种新型输入有界的机器人鲁棒自适应控制器，解决了力矩受限情况下机器人控制器的设计问题，为机器人向小型化、节能型等特殊要求领域发展，提供了一条新的途径。     

基于dSPACE并行处理平台的宏-微机器人控制系统

基于dSPACE并行处理平台研制了四自由度激光作业的宏=微机器人及其控制系统，系统结构开放，运行可靠、计算性能高，并且可以将实时控制与实时仿真相融合，实现了与MATLAB的无缝连接，宏机械手的关节位置测量采用30对级的多级旋转变压器，微机械手关节位置测量采用电容式位置传感器，通过PHS（peripheral high speed）总线接口采样关节位置，输出控制力矩，驱动电路采用双极性H桥型脉宽调制（PWM）功放，为了保证机器人运动的安全性，功放电路中设计了过流保护，电流以负反馈和电源连锁电路。     

一种微小摩擦的测试方法

论述了一种全新的微上摩擦测试方法－－间接测量法，并设计了测试装置，该方法将微型电动机同时作为驱动元件和测试元件，通过分析微电动机在施加正压力前后其运动特性的改变，间接地计算出微小摩擦力的大小，从而避开了传感器的安装问题。意圈电视产生的微小力通过传动装置双面抱紧电机轴产生正压力，其大小通过离线标定获取，测得摩擦系数μ的平均值为０．１４７，其实验误差在４％以内。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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