美国白蛾越冬代成虫羽化规律及产卵习性的研究

对美国白蛾越冬代成虫羽化规律及产卵习性进行了研究 ,找出了影响羽化及产卵的关键气候因子。即连续 5d日平均气温达到 1 2℃、RH在 6 8%以上时 ,越冬代成虫开始羽化 ;连续 5～ 6d日平均气温高于 1 6℃时 ,出现羽化高峰 ;当日平均气温低于 1 5 7℃时 ,出现羽化低峰。雄成虫比雌成虫羽化始期早 8d ,羽化末期晚 5d ;雄成虫趋光性和飞翔能力强于雌成虫 ,但存活时间短于雌成虫 ;雌成虫的产卵量受产卵环境影响 ,不交尾的雌成虫产卵量极少     

黄粉虫的生物学特性及养殖技术的研究

黄粉虫在福州自然室温下一年可繁殖2代,发育快的个体超过2代,发育慢的不足2代。在人工控制的温度、湿度、光照及食物等条件下试验结果表明:(1)卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫产卵前期的发育起点温度分别为10.46℃、9.98℃、9.62℃和9.58℃;有效积温分别为123.57、1964.88、135.05和105.72日度;温度与发育的关系的数理统计模式分别是成虫产卵和幼虫发育的最高临界温度为34℃;(2)卵、幼虫、蛹的发育和成虫产卵量的最住湿度分别为RH75％、90％、和90％;(3)在连续光照下,成虫寿命缩短,产卵量减少;(4)幼虫和成虫的饲料均以糠、(?)为主。添加适量青饲料者显著加速幼虫生长和提高或虫产卵量。在养殖中,除控制上述条件外,各虫态的分群饲养和成虫的隔离产卵也是重要措施,并须注意粉螨对卵的危害。     

刺槐叶瘿蚊成虫的生物学特性

2009年对刺槐叶瘿蚊成虫进行了观察,结果表明,在河北昌黎地区4月底至9月初为成虫发生期,1年共发生6代.各代成虫羽化期平均为13.2d.越冬代成虫从4月25日开始羽化,5月5日～5月10日为越冬代成虫羽化高峰期;5月20日～5月25日为第1代成虫羽化高峰期;6月5日～6月10日为第2代成虫羽化高峰期;6月23日～6月...     

实验室群体饲养条件下分月扇舟蛾生物学特性初步研究

恒温条件下 (2 8± 0 .5℃ ,12 h光照 )在南京林业大学实验室内群体饲养研究下 ,分月扇舟蛾 (Closteraanastomosis L.)的生物学特性 ,并与文献记录的自然条件下分月扇舟蛾的生物特性比较。结果表明 ,分月扇舟蛾成虫体长为♂ 10～ 13mm,♀ 12～ 15 mm,老熟幼虫体长 2 5～ 32 m m,均小于自然种群中的个体。幼虫每隔 2～ 3d蜕皮 1次 ,共蜕皮 4次 ,幼虫历期 11d,蛹期 4 d。蛹重平均为 14 8.4 m g。成虫羽化过程需 2 0～ 2 5 min,羽化历期 4～ 12 d。成虫羽化数小时后即可交尾 ,交尾时间长达 8～ 2 3h,可多次交尾。交尾后数小时即可产卵 ,每雌产卵量为 2 30～ 5 30粒 ,平均 312粒。卵从第 6 d开始孵化 ,孵化率可达 90 %以上。世代周期为 2 2 d。实验室饲养条件下分月扇舟蛾的生物学特性与自然条件下有较大的差异。     

实验条件下突角漠甲(鞘翅目:拟步甲科)生物学特性研究

在宁夏银川室内自然条件下研究了突角漠甲的生物学特性.结果表明,突角漠甲3 a发生1代,以成虫和不同龄期的幼虫在沙土中越冬;成虫于4～9月份交尾产卵,卵期为10～14 d;幼虫一般为7龄,幼虫期长达1.8～2.0a,幼虫经过2次越冬于第3年6月中旬至8月下旬化蛹,蛹期为10～12 d;羽化成虫经210～280 d性成熟开...     

厩腐蝇（Muscina stabulans）自然种群雌蝇卵巢发育的观察

结合厩腐蝇Ｍｕｓｃｉｎａｓｔａｂｕｌａｎｓ的季节消长，调查了太原厩腐蝇的自然种群雌蝇卵巢的发育，太原厩腐蝇于三月上旬开始出现，五月下旬为高峰期，六月下旬峰期下降，十一月下旬消失，太原厩腐蝇的卵巢发育随季节变化而变化，在季节消长后期，雌蝇的滤胞发育止于ＩＩａ期，随后产卵蝇逐渐死亡，雌蝇是以滤胞发育止于Ⅱａ期的未产卵蝇进行越冬的。     

美洲虎鲷鱼(♀)和彩鲷鱼(♂)杂交子一代卵巢发育的组织学观察

以美洲虎鲷鱼(Herosmanaguense)作为母本,彩鲷鱼(Cichiasoma trimaculatum)为父本,采用人工授精的方法,获得杂交子一代,这在国内外尚属首次.采用石蜡组织切片和HE染色法,对美洲虎鲷鱼和彩鲷鱼杂交子一代的卵巢发育进行了组织学研究,结果表明:美洲虎鲷鱼(♀)和彩鲷鱼(♂)杂交子一代的卵巢发育程序可以分为6个时期.在1～3月龄,卵巢处于第期;4～5月龄时,卵巢发育到第期;6～8月龄时发育到第期;9～11月龄时发育到第期;12月龄时达到性成熟第期,卵核位置发生偏移;没有及时繁殖的子一代过冬时卵巢退化,进入第时期,卵巢组织也回复到第期的组织学结构.研究表明该杂交鱼是可育的,为多批产卵类型,在1个生殖周期内,产卵2次.     

光周期对叉角厉蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响

为探明光周期对叉角厉蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响.在温度(26±1)℃,相对湿度(70±7)%的条件下,测定了7组光周期分别为24L∶0D, 16L∶8D, 14L∶10D, 12L∶12D, 10L∶14D, 8L∶16D, 0L∶24D条件下叉角厉蝽的生长发育和繁殖情况.结果表明,光周期对叉角厉蝽生长发育和繁殖有显著的影响.随着光照时间的增加,叉角厉蝽若虫发育历期和产卵前期缩短,若虫存活率、雌雄成虫寿命、产卵次数、产卵量和孵化率先增加后降低.当光周期为0L∶24D时若虫发育历期(19.02 d)和产卵前期最短(8.35 d); 16L∶8D条件下雌雄成虫寿命寿命最长,分别为50.81 d和47.47 d,产卵次数最多(15.76次),产卵量(663.1粒)和孵化率最高(85.77%).综上所述,光周期为16L∶8D时最适合叉角厉蝽生长发育和繁殖.     

美国白蛾成虫行为节律研究

美国白蛾（Hyphamria cunea Drury）系典型的世界性检疫害虫，在世界各地对不同的寄主植物造成严重危害。美国白蛾于1982年传入山东省威海市后，开始在山东省内蔓延，对造林绿化、水果生产、生态安全构成了严重威胁。本文系统研究了美国白蛾成虫的行为节律。研究结果表明，自然光照下，美国白蛾成虫羽化时间主要在19：00-20：00，羽化后于次日凌晨3：00-4：00开始交尾，17：00-20：00交尾结束。美国白蛾在交尾结束后当晚或次日进行产卵，产卵时间主要集中在21：00至次日凌晨1：00时段内。     

蓝目天蛾生物学特性

蓝目天蛾在西宁地区每年发生2代,以蛹在寄主植物附近5—10cm深的土层中作土室越冬。翌年5月中旬开始,越冬代成虫陆续羽化出土,6月中旬达到高峰。当年第一代成虫7月下旬始见,8月下旬至9月上旬达到高峰。成虫具有较强的趋光性,平均寿命30d。每雌产卵量250粒左右,卵多散产于嫩枝或粗枝的隐面,卵期平均8d。幼虫5个龄期,完成发育平均历期37d,取食约160片柳叶。蛹期20d。7、8月份以第一代的幼虫危害较重。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that