Excitation of seasonal polar motion by atmospheric and oceanic angular momentums

A quantitative study on the seasonal polar motion excitated by the atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) and the oceanic angular momentum (0AM) has been carried out using numerical models. The results show that for the prograde and retrograde components of the seasonal polar motion (the annual polar motion and the semiannual polar motion) , the sum of excitations by both the AAM and the 0AM is closer to the observed results rather than that of the AAM only. This reflects a significant contribution of the 0AM to the seasonal polar motion.     

Excitation of annual polar motion by atmosphere and ocean

The quantitative result of annual polar motion excitation by the ocean is presented for the first time. The atmospheric excitation amounts to more than double of the oceanic excitation. The sum of atmospheric and oceanic excitations approximates more to the observed annual polar motion excitation, compared with atmospheric excitation only. This suggests that the atmosphere and ocean are the main excitation sources of annual polar motion.     

轨道角动量光通信研究进展

指出了光轨道角动量复用在增加通信容量和提高频谱效率等方面具有的巨大优势与发展前景,从光轨道角动量光束的产生、复用解复用以及传输媒介等角度出发,简述了轨道角动量光通信相关研究的最新进展情况,探讨了该领域内今后可能的研究方向和发展趋势.     

全光纤光子轨道角动量模式的产生

通过模分复用技术,将带有不同阶数轨道角动量的光波作为不同的信道,能够从另一维度极大的增加光通信的容量。光子轨道角动量的产生是这类技术的一个核心。我们基于有效介质理论,在光纤端面设计了特殊的螺旋结构,使光纤端面的有效折射率沿着顺时针或逆时针方向线性增加。当传导光波入射到该结构时,会因为方位角上的折射率不同而形成光程的差异,从而引起相应的相位延迟并形成相位波前的螺旋形结构,即产生带有轨道角动量的光波,我们使用FDTD方法模拟了轨道角动量的产生过程。     

An analysis of the polar motion series from VLBI observations

From the reduction of 2893 globally distributed astrometric and geodetic VLBI sessions from August 1979 to the end of 1998, coordinates of 722 radio sources at J2000.0, coordinates and velocities of 128 stations at J1997.0 and about 20 years Earth Orientation Parameters were estimated. From the analysis of the resultant polar motion series, the following are demonstrated: (ⅰ) During the VLBI data span the Markowitz wobble is not exhibited. (ⅱ) The amplitudes of both annual and Chandler wobble show temporal variations, with the former being more obvious than the latter. (ⅲ) Wavelet analysis shows that all the signals in the polar motion series are characterized by temporal variation in amplitudes. If we take any signal as strictly periodic, it is impossible to remove it completely from the polar motion series by least-squares fit because the hypothesis of a constant amplitude conflicts with VLBI measurements. (ⅳ) By applying a filter, the secular polar motion was found to be (2.74±0.01) mas/a towards (83.9±0.3) °W longitude, which is smaller in rate and more westward in direction compared with those determined from optical observations or the combination of optical and space geodetic observations.     

等衰落轨道角动量索引调制系统的信道容量性能分析

射频轨道角动量(orbital angular momentum,OAM)提供了一种可以在同一载波频率物理信道上复用一组正交模式以提高信道容量的方法。现有研究大多专注于信道容量提升,对系统复杂度的研究相对较少。在基于均匀圆形阵列(uniform circular array,UCA)的OAM通信系统中,发射机需要完成大量调制运算以生成OAM信号。于是,提出了一种等衰落轨道角动量索引调制(equal fading orbital angular momentum index modulation,EOAM-IM)方案,其中,IM有效降低了OAM调制运算复杂度,且等衰落发射机也保证了不同模式OAM子信道传输增益。此外,还详细推导了所提EOAM-IM方案的系统信道容量。仿真结果表明,所提EOAM-IM方案能以更低的调制复杂度获得比传统OAM方案更高的信道容量。     

高斯涡旋光束的动量及轨道角动量与拓扑电荷数的关系及其在自由空间中的传输

将近轴光束理论应用于光束的动量及轨道角动量研究,推导了涡旋光束动量以及轨道角动量的解析表达式,在此基础上,对高斯涡旋光束的动量及轨道角动量的分布及其在自由空间中的传输进行了研究.理论分析及数值计算表明,动量的径向分量和角向分量在数值上比较接近,远小于动量的纵向分量,随着传输距离的增大,动量的三个分量在观测平面上的分布会逐渐沿径向拓展,其在观测平面上的极大值位置各不相同,都与源平面上光束的拓扑电荷数和束腰半径有关,观测平面上的整体积分表明,动量的三个分量在传输中都保持守恒;另外,观测平面上高斯涡旋光束轨道角动量的分布在传输中也会沿径向拓展,其在观测平面上的极大值位置与动量的纵向分量相同.观测平面上的整体积分证实了高斯涡旋光束在传输中轨道角动量保持守恒.     

光阑对暗中空涡旋光束轨道角动量的影响

基于推广的复高斯函数展开法,分析了具有轨道角动量的拉盖尔-高斯(Laguerre-Gaussian,LG)光束通过含光阑光学系统传输的解析公式,理论推导了空心LG光束在柱坐标系下光子轨道角动量密度函数及其态矢.对1阶LG涡旋光束通过光阑后的光场分布情况进行了数值分析,在两种典型含光阑系统物理模型下分析了遮拦比对不同波长LG光束传输特性的影响,研究了LG光束通过光学系统后的相位分布及轨道角动量密度变化.结果表明,光阑系统遮拦比对LG涡旋光束通过光阑后的传输特性的影响因光束波长不同而异,遮拦比对光束轨道角动量密度影响较大,对光束束径及光轨道角动量影响不明显.研究结果可为在空间光通信中利用涡旋光束光子轨道角动量编码信息提供理论依据.     

矩形天线阵OAM波产生与优化

电磁轨道角动量(orbital angular momentum,OAM)具有模值相互独立且正交的特性,能用于无线通信中提高频谱效率和通信容量,因而备受关注.针对基于矩形阵列的多输入多输出技术(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)不易与基于均匀圆形阵列的OAM复用相结合,以及高模态O...     

Twisted plasma waves driven by twisted ponderomotive force

We present the results of twisted plasma waves driven by twisted ponderomotive force. With the beating of two, co-propagating, Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) orbital angular momentum (OAM) laser pulses with different frequencies and also different twist indices, we can obtain the twisted ponderomotive force. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are used to demonstrate the twisted plasma waves driven by lasers. The twisted plasma waves have an electron density perturbation with a helical rotating structure. Different from the predictions of the linear fluid theory, the simulation results show a nonlinear rotating current and a static axial magnetic field. Along with the rotating current is the axial OAM carried by particles in the twisted plasma waves. A detailed theoretical analysis of twisted plasma waves is also given.     

Real-time rapid prediction of variations of Earth’s rotational rate

Real-time rapid prediction of variations of the Earth＇s rotational rate is of great scientific and practical importance. However, due to the complicated time-variable characteristics of variations of the Earth＇s rotational rate （i.e., length of day, LOD）, it is usually difficult to obtain satisfactory predictions by con- ventional linear time series analysis methods. This study employs the nonlinear artificial neural net-works （ANN） to predict the LOD variations. The topology of the ANN model is determined by minimizing the root mean square errors （RMSE） of the predictions. Considering the close relationships between the LOD variations and the atmospheric circulation movement, the operational prediction series of axial atmospheric angular momentum （AAM） is incorporated into the ANN model as an additional input in the real-time rapid prediction of LOD variations with 1-5 days ahead. The results show that the LOD prediction is significantly improved after introducing the operational prediction series of AAM into the ANN model.     

谐振子的宇称与角动量

本文对三维以内的谐振子的宇称进行分析,并由宇称守恒出发,根据同一能级的简并度相同,导出谐振子角动量的可能值。     

验证角动量守恒定律的一种实验方法

本文提出了一种可以定量验证刚体角动量守恒定律的实验方法。采用可控刚体系及其供电系统,对其结构作了详细说明,给出了令人满意的实测数据。     

Simulation of Grey Scale Ghost Imaging By Labview

In this paper,we present a simulation method to reconstruct the object’s imaging in a ghost-imaging system.We use Laguerre-Gaussian(LG) beam as the light source which will produce the Orbital Angular Momentum(OAM) states.In the signal arm,the object spatial information is encoded as phase,and added to the phase of the signal light.In the idler arm,the phase of the idler light is changed according to the maximum coincidence rate in the receiver.We get each pixel matched phase of the object and reconstruct the object’s imaging in the idle arm.We demostrate some examples of the reconstruction and compare with the other reported method.The results show that our method can improve the resoltuion of the image effectively.     

自旋-1角动量分量的不确定关系

为研究自旋-1角动量三个分量的不确定关系,用Heisenberg-Robertson不确定关系不等式,建立三个分量的乘积形式及和式的不确定关系.结果表明:通过引入三方常数τ,使不等式变为紧的;在紧的不确定关系中引入的参数与自旋-1/2时的参数相同.     

超重力场分离机的功率分析

文中从理论上阐述了超重力场分离机消耗功率的主要组成部分，并从实验及实测的数据进行分析，对于进一步研究其功率的分配有一定意义。     

电磁体系角动量守恒的完整物理图像——从对条件改变后的费曼园盘佯谬谈起

本文借助矢量分析工具,针对费曼园盘佯谬中,园盘边缘的带电小球改放在线圈内部的情形,解决了发散困难,在定量计算的基础上,对电磁体系角动量守恒做全面讨论,给出完整的物理图像.     

讨论费曼园盘佯谬时疏忽的一个问题

有的文献在讨论费曼园盘佯谬时,得到园盘所获机械角动量是由电磁角动量转化而来的结论欠妥.本文通过定量计算,给出正确答案,并指出在讨论电磁体系角动量时,经常疏忽的一个问题.     

基于着陆器地基测量的火星定向参数确定

火星定向参数的精确测定对约束火星内部结构以及极区干冰变化的建模具有重要意义.基于未来的火星着陆任务,仿真分析了利用双程多普勒与距离测量方法直接跟踪着陆器,解算火星定向参数所能达到的精度.结果表明,通过双程多普勒和双程测距直接跟踪火星着陆器超过200个工作日,将显著提高火星岁差、章动以及日长变化参数的精度,约800个工作日后,岁差参数精度可较目前提高5–10倍,章动参数精度可达到10–30 mas,日长变化与钱德勒摆动参数精度可收敛至5–10 mas,这一精度水平可以满足研究火星内部结构与大气物质交换的需要.通过分析不同纬度着陆器的解算结果,发现高纬度的着陆器有必要进行距离测量,以保持岁差和章动参数的解算精度.此外,研究还发现,当火星星历误差小于75 m时,双程多普勒数据解算火星定向参数的精度不受影响,而对于双程测距数据来说,只有当火星历表精度优于0.15 m时,定向参数的解算结果才具有可信性.     

Combined adjustment project of national astronomical geodetic networks and 2000'''' national GPS control network

The combined adjustment of astronomical geode tic networks and the 2000’national GPS control net work is a national geodetic project based on the pre sent necessities and long term program of national e conomic development. This project has profound sci entific, social and economic significance, and willproduce an effect on developments of space scienceand national defense construction as well as geodesyitself.China took part in the second international radioobservational projec…