Apparition d'une protéine nouvelle,la contractine,dans les extraits de muscles contractés

Summary When rabbit muscles are fatigued, the electrophoretic pictures of the extracts of these muscles are free from -myosin and show a large decrease in the amount of ₁ and ₂-myosin.When the muscles are contracted by monobromacetate or stimulated and fixed in a contracted state by liquid air, -myosin is very much decreased, ₁ and ₂-myosin disappears entirely, and a new component appears which is called contractin.The disappearance of the classical myosins and the appearance of this new protein in the extracts ofshortened muscles, may be of great interest in the study of the protein changes responsible for muscle contraction.     

Über ebene axialsymmetrische Punktmengen

Summary The principal results of the present inquiries are: If a plane quantity of points M has a finite number of symmetrals n, which intersect in a point S, these symmetrals form a regular fascicle of straight lines, with an angle/n of two subsequent symmetrals. If is the angle between two straight lines with the intersection point S, you may or may not supplement them to a regular fascicle of symmetrals of a quantity of points M, by adding a finite number of straight lines, according as represents a rational or irrational multiple of 2. If the angle of two symmetrals of M with the intersection point S is an irrational multiple of 2, there will be to every straight line g through S a symmetral of M, which comprises with g, a small angle of the size you may choose. If M is closed, then in this case every straight line g through S will be a symmetral of M.The symmetrals of a limited quantity of points will intersect in an exact point.

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Die Verfasser sind zur vorliegenden mathematischen Untersuchung durch den Versuch einer mathematischen Behandlung verschiedener Probleme, die Gasausscheidung aus gashältigen Flüssigkeiten betreffend, veranlaßt worden.     

Fasergabelung durch Auftreten lokalisierter Wachstumsbezirke

Summary The formation of forked fibres cannot be explained by the theories of sliding or of symplastic growth, while the theory of local apical growth of fibre ends accounts for all the actual facts observed in xylem and phloem fibres ofSparmannia africana. In this species cambium cells with a split end are found. These cells give rise to forked fibres, the forking point of which does not show any sliding growth, but remains on its original level. This evidence is undoubtedly a proof against the theory of sliding growth during fibre elongation inSparmannia.     

Contribution à l'étude du phénomène d'imbibition capillaire

Summary The real density of a porous matter is determined by means of the equationV=a – b · s, whereV is the volume of imbibition, related to the surface tension (s) of the liquid, while a and b are experimental coefficients. The examination of this equation led to the conclusion that a represents the total porous volume, while b is a function of the mean porous radius. The knowledge of the equation related to a given substance, allows to calculate immediately the real density.Furthermore the ratiob/a defines a characteristics porosity index.     

Les tests microbiologiques pour la détermination des vitamines

Summary The qualities required by a microorganism to work as test object are studied, so as the utilized methods to measure development.The different, watersoluble vitamins from the group B: thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, adermin (pyridoxin), pantothenic acid, -alanin, biotin, p-aminobenzoic acid, mesoinositol, enable the creation of a useful test with a selected microorganism.The problem of the vitaminic factors of the soil is one of those which can only be studied with help of microbiological tests. The presence of vitamins in the soil is proved. Their origin is discussed. Their action and that of vitamins voluntary added to the soil is studied. It is shown that the qualities of soil and manures have a marked influence on the thiamin rate of the studied plant.A cycle is suggested to show how the action of growth factors enable to understand the natural relations existing between the auxo-heterotrophic and the auxo-autotrophic organisms. The growth factors of the soil participate to the biological balance ruling life in and on the soil. The necessity of an ecological vitaminology is being considered.     

Séparation,par voie chimique,des myosinesα etβ

Summary It is possible to separate in a state of high electrophoretic purity and homogeneity the and components of myosin solutions by fractionation with ammonium sulfate.The solutions of and myosins differ considerably by their physical properties.     

Nouvelle méthode de séparation des myosinesα etβ

Summary Myosin is insoluble in KAc or NaAc 0.5 m at neutralp _H values and can be easily separated from myosin under these conditions. The yield in myosin is 80 to 90% of the total protein content of our solutions (Weber-Edsall myosin solutions prepared after 20 minutes extraction).     

Über eine wässerige Carotinlösung

Summary Preparation of a clear solution of carotene in water with the aid of Tween.     

Bemerkung über additive Mengenfunktionale

Summary The author analyses the influence of a similar-representationA A of sets of then-dimensional Euclidean space on the value of an additive, translation-invariant functional (A). Under very general suppositions ( A) is a rational integral functions of at most from then ^th degree.     

Konfiguration des Periplogenins undallo-Periplogenins

Summary By means of reactions which proceed without isomerization at C-3 and C-17, it has been possible to break down periplogenin into the known 3-acetoxy-etio-allo-cholanic-acid-methylester. In consideration of this fact together with other known and unpublished findings it is very probable that all functional groups in periplogenin are arranged in the-configuration. The same breaking-down when applied to the biologically inactiveallo-periplogenin produced the known 3-acetoxy-14-iso-17-iso-etio-allo-cholanicacid-methylester.Allo-periplogenin is distinguished from periplogenin by the stereoconfiguration at position 17.

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Die ausführliche Publikation erscheint in den Helv. chim. Acta.     

Sex-linkage inCulex molestus

Résumé Culex molestus n'a pas de chromosomes sexuels. Le caractère «il blanc» est récessif, mais ce phénotype apparaît avec des fréquences très différentes chez les et les issus d'un père hétérozygote. La masculinité est due à un gène dominant situé dans le même chromosome que «il blanc», et à six unités de celui-ci, environ.     

Substances thioloprives

Summary The author proposes to include in a new class of drugs: the thioloprive drugs, all those substances which react in one way or another, with the thiol functions of proteins, cysteine or glutathione. This class includes oxidizing agents, heavy metals, maleic acid and halogenated organic substances like mustard gas, lewisite or monoiodoacetic acid. The creation of this new pharmacological family is justified by the fact that these varied substances have many common toxic effects (Lundsgaard contracture, cytotoxic action, dema), that they inhibit the same enzymes, and that a logical interpretation of many of their actions is possible on the basis of their reaction with the thiol groups.     

La pseudohémoglobine et le catabolisme des composés hémiques

Summary (1) Coupled oxidation by atmospheric oxygen of systems containing hæmoglobin and various reducing agents results in the successive formation of oxyhæm, oxohæm, and pseudohæm from the prosthetic group of hæmoglobin.(2) Of the verdoglobins, sulfhæmoglobin is analogous to oxohæm whereas choleglobin and pseudohæmoglobin are pseudohæms and apparently identical.(3) It is at present impossible to decide whether the green intermediate in the physiological formation of bilirubin is sulfhæmoglobin or pseudohæmoglobin.(4) Part of the bilirubin formed in the body is probably derived from catalase, hæmatin, myoglobin and the cytochromes.

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Conférence principale, présentée à la Société suisse de biologie médicale lors de la 127me Assemblée générale de la Société helvétique des sciences naturelles à Genève, le 31 août 1947.     

Aktivierung einer alkalischen Phosphatase

Summary -Glycerophosphatase prepared from the intestinal mucosa of the calf was purified by fractionated precipitation with alcohol. A further concentration of the enzyme activity was attained by electrophoresis.The activity of the purified enzyme solution was reduced to of its original value when dialysed for 48 hours atp _H 4.5. Atp _H 6 and atp _H 10.5 only a less pronounced decrease of the activity occurred.By addition of heat-inactivated-glycerophosphatase to the enzyme solution which was partly inactivated by dialysis atp _H 4.5 the activity of the latter was increased by about 100%.     

Sur certaines conditions de la transformation du type antigénique et de l'équipement enzymatique d'un colibacille,sous l'effet d'un principe inducteur de nature thymonucléique issu d'un autre colibacille (mutation « dirigée »)

Summary The transformation of antigenic and enzymatic properties of a bacteria can be produced by the action of an inductor thymonucleic factor, which comes from a related bacteria. However, this transformation is only possible when the bacteria which must undergo the mutation dirigée is in a state of pronounced instability, the determinism of which is still unknown. We find to-day the greatest difficulties to isolate, without destroying it, the inductor factor, because it is very sensitive to bacterial enzyms and to the delayed action of acids and bases.     

Répartition du nuage électronique et réactivité chimique des hydrocarbures aromatiques condensés

Summary The authors describe the results of a quantum mechanical treatment of aromatic hydrocarbons enabling the determination of the electronic charge at each point of the molecule. They give the interpretation of the chemical reactivity of these substances by means of molecular diagramms.     

Die Totalsynthese des natürlichen Östrons

Summary The total synthesis ofd-strone, the natural strogenic hormone, is described.     

Zur Thermodynamik der Trombenbildung

Summary Koschmieder's new thermodynamical theory of tornado formation (1940) makes it probable that a tornado (or a waterspout) develops when a warm air packet rises quickly within the convective mother cloud. In the present paper the three principle cases of conditions are indicated under which supplementary amounts of potential energy necessary to start a daughter convection in the cumulo-nimbus cloud can become available in the latter. Supply of moister air from below seems to be at least as important as that one of warmer air. However, the suddenness of the release of the said supplementary energy cannot be explained by the abrupt annihilation of an intercepting layer within the main body of the cumulo-nimbus, for the pre-existence of such a layer is incompatible with the general character of this type of cloud.