机械研磨化学复合镀Ni-P-Al2O3工艺

采用机械研磨化学复合镀工艺在模具锌合金表面获得Ni-P-Al2O3复合镀层,研究镀液成分、纳米Al2O3加入量和工艺条件对镀速的影响.结果表明:硫酸镍、次亚磷酸钠和纳米Al2O3在镀液中的含量均存在极限值,超过极限值后镀速开始下降;在镀液不发生分解时,pH值和温度的提高使镀速迅速上升;机械研磨使镀速显著减小,但玻璃球直径大小对镀速影响不大.优化工艺条件下镀速可达12～13μm/h,在此工艺下获得的镀层硬度高、耐蚀性好.     

利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备镍纳米颗粒及其生长过程中的应变场模拟

利用脉冲激光沉积技术和快速退火成功地制备了镶嵌在非晶Al2O3薄膜中的Ni纳米颗粒,用高分辨率透射电子显微镜观察到镶嵌在非晶Al2O3薄膜中的Ni纳米颗粒,用有限元算法系统地模拟了Ni纳米颗粒生长过程中的应变场分布.研究发现:在Ni纳米颗粒的生长过程中,纳米颗粒受到母体A12O3材料的非均匀的偏应变的作用,而且随着Ni纳米颗粒的长大,纳米颗粒受到母体Al2O3材料的非均匀偏应变也逐渐增加.这种非均匀偏应变对于纳米颗粒的晶格结构和形貌有较大的影响,可以通过调节Ni纳米颗粒生长过程中的应变场来实现对Ni纳米颗粒界面态的调控,从而进一步优化Ni纳米颗粒的物理性能.     

M—I型纳米颗粒膜逾渗阈值的测量及验证

采用磁控溅射法，在玻璃基片上制备了一系列不同Ni79Fe21含量的（Ni79Fe21)x(Al2O3)1-xM-I型纳米颗粒膜。测量并分析了电阻率与体积分数的关系，得出该颗粒膜的体积分数逾渗阈值大约为0.51。分别用4种方法验证了M－I型纳米颗粒膜的逾渗阈值。     

1Cr9Mo钢高速气-固两相流冲蚀磨损

采用自制的激波驱动气-固两相流冲蚀磨损试验装置,选取SiO2、Al2O3和SiC颗粒,对煤化工常用材料1Cr9Mo钢进行高速气-固两相流冲蚀磨损试验研究.结合试件表面冲蚀磨损形貌,分析冲击速度、冲击角度、颗粒硬度、颗粒粒径、试件温度等因素对材料的冲蚀磨损率的影响.结果表明:在20 ℃和400℃下,1Cr9Mo钢的最大冲蚀磨损率均出现在15°～25°的冲蚀角之间,体现出典型塑性材料的冲蚀磨损特征;低角度冲蚀时磨损机理以颗粒的切削作用为主,高角度冲蚀时颗粒垂直撞击材料表面产生凹坑并致使凹坑周围的片状物碎屑从材料表面剥离;试件冲击速度指数在2.3 ～3.2范围内,磨损率受颗粒硬度影响较大;在相同冲蚀条件下,硬度较高的Al2O3和SiC颗粒对试件的磨损率比SiO2颗粒高一个数量级;磨损率随颗粒粒径的增大呈现先递增后下降的趋势;在400℃时SiO2颗粒对试件的冲蚀磨损率明显提高,磨损率最大值约为20℃时的3倍.     

Al_2O_3颗粒增强不锈钢基表面复合材料腐蚀性能的研究

针对湿法磷酸工况 ,设计了不锈钢基体的化学成分 ;在Al2 O3颗粒表面 ,通过化学气相沉积Ni涂层 ,解决了颗粒与基体的润湿性问题 ;采用负压铸渗工艺制备了氧化铝 不锈钢基表面复合材料 ,并研究了该复合材料在此工况下的静态耐蚀性能 ,发现其耐蚀性能超过了高铬钢 .     

Zn-Al冷喷涂复合涂层耐3.5 wt.%NaCl溶液腐蚀行为

利用低压冷喷涂技术在Q235普通碳素钢基体表面沉积不同Al质量分数Zn-Al复合涂层,采用开路电位和极化曲线电化学测试方法,分析了Zn-Al复合涂层在3.5 wt.%NaCl溶液中浸泡的腐蚀电位,阻抗值以及腐蚀电流密度;利用附带能谱仪的扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了其在3.5 wt.%NaCl溶液浸泡1 440 h后的涂层组织形貌、特定区域元素分布以及物相变化.研究表明：在3.5 wt.%NaCl溶液中,随着Al质量分数的增加,涂层耐腐蚀性能提高,当Al质量分数大于35%时,涂层耐腐蚀性能更加优越.因为腐蚀过程中Zn元素优先发生腐蚀,易形成稳定性较好的氧化膜,且Al抑制了Zn的活性从而减缓了腐蚀速率,Al质量分数越高,抑制效果越好.Zn-Al复合涂层在3.5 wt.%NaCl溶液的腐蚀机制为均匀腐蚀、点蚀、局部点蚀以及腐蚀产物的自我封闭.     

M-I型纳米颗粒膜逾渗阈值的测量及验证

采用磁控溅射法 ,在玻璃基片上制备了一系列不同Ni79Fe2 1含量的 (Ni79Fe2 1) x(Al2 O3 ) 1-xM I型纳米颗粒膜。测量并分析了电阻率与体积分数的关系 ,得出该颗粒膜的体积分数逾渗阈值大约为 0 .5 1。分别用 4种方法验证了M I型纳米颗粒膜的逾渗阈值。     

埋嵌在超薄Al_2O_3薄膜中的Ni纳米颗粒在生长过程中的应变场分布

对于埋嵌在介电材料中的纳米颗粒,在其生长过程中总是不可避免的伴随着应变场的产生,而这种应变场会的分布对纳米颗粒的物理性能产生重要的影响.在本文中用脉冲激光沉积技术和快速退火成功地制备了埋嵌在超薄Al2O3薄膜中的Ni纳米颗粒.利用高分辨透射电子显微镜观察到立方形Ni纳米颗粒埋嵌在超薄Al2O3薄膜中.用有限元算法系统地模拟了Ni纳米颗粒生长过程中的应变场分布,研究工作发现,随着Ni纳米颗粒的生长,Ni纳米颗粒受到了非均匀偏应变作用逐渐增强,而且变得越来越不均匀,这种非均匀的偏应变作用对于纳米颗粒的微观结构有很大的影响.可以通过调节Ni纳米颗粒生长过程中的应变场来实现对Ni纳米颗粒界面态的调控,从而进一步优化Ni纳米颗粒的物理性能.系统地研究磁性Ni纳米材料的应变场分布,对有效的调控其物理化学性能有着非常重大的意义.     

球形纳米颗粒对纳米流体热传导率的加强作用

文章考虑了梯度的界面纳米层以及近邻复合颗粒的相互作用，采用了复合镜象法来研究纳米流体的热传导率加强作用，数据结果表明当颗粒半径小于5nm时，梯度壳层对热传导率也有很重要的影响．此外，我们的理论对于CuO／H2O（EG）、Al2O3／H2O和Cu／EG纳米流体的热传导率的计算结果与实验符合得很好．     

等离子熔覆镍基合金的组织及其冲蚀磨损性能

为提高不锈钢材料的耐冲蚀磨损性能,以Ni46合金粉末为原料, 采用等离子熔覆工艺在不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti基材上制备镍基合金涂层,分析了熔覆层的显微组织以及物相形貌和相结构等,测定了涂层的显微硬度. 使用旋转圆盘实验机研究了Ni基等离子熔覆合金涂层在砂浆中的冲蚀行为. 结果表明: 材料的冲蚀磨损性能受到材料基本力学性能的限制,高硬度镍基涂层的抗冲蚀性能最好,在相同实验条件下其磨损率由小到大排列顺序为镍基涂层＞0Cr13Ni5Mo＞1Cr18Ni9Ti;镍合金层中奥氏体基体的固溶强化和硬质相有效抵御砂砾的冲击,是Ni基等离子熔覆合金层具有高抗冲蚀性能的主要原因.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that