秋立塔克构造带盐构造形成的传力方式的构造物理模拟

库车坳陷第三系下部库姆格列木群是一套巨厚的膏 (盐 )层 ,该层系不管是在应力传递方面 ,还是在控制构造样式方面都有重要的作用 .秋立塔克构造带是库车前陆褶皱冲断带的变形前缘 ,盐上、盐下构造极不协调 ,盐上层变形强烈 ,发育滑脱断层、大型推覆构造、突发构造和三角带构造 ;盐下变形弱 ,发育小规模的冲断层 .根据构造分析推断 ,在盐上层中 ,应力从变形后缘 (克拉苏构造带 )向变形前缘秋立塔克构造带的传递有 2种方式 ,即重力滑动传递和顺层挤压传递 .构造物理模拟实验证明这种推断是合理的     

库车西秋里塔格构造带中、新生代构造演化

根据平衡剖面原理,对经过西秋里塔格构造带的2条地质剖面进行构造复原,利用PRA公司的BasinMod-1D软件对其中的2口井做沉降史分析,结果表明中、新生代的构造演化特征为三叠纪末期发生构造抬升形成古隆起构造,之后的侏罗纪未发生构造沉降,一直处于沉积间断状态,白垩纪早中期发生构造沉降,白垩纪末期库车拗陷整体发生抬升剥蚀,古近纪库姆格列木群沉积期的喜马拉雅早期构造运动强度较弱,苏维依组－康村组沉积期的喜马拉雅中期构造运动强度逐渐增大,到库车组沉积期－第四纪的喜马拉雅晚期构造活动最强烈。盐层的滑脱作用使得盐上、盐下地层变形极不协调,盐上地层缩短量明显大于盐下地层,表现出明显的盐上、盐下分层缩短的特点。     

东秋里塔格构造带盐相关构造圈闭及成藏模式

东秋里塔格构造带发育的新近系吉迪克组膏盐层,在库车组沉积时期以来的构造变形过程中起到了滑脱和调节地层变形的作用,地震剖面解释结果表明,盐上构造圈闭主要有盐上背斜、盐上逆冲断层遮挡圈闭等;盐层内部圈闭是由其中碳酸盐岩和砂岩夹层所形成的岩性和褶皱圈闭;盐下构造圈闭主要有盐下背冲断块圈闭等。结合研究区的成藏条件认为研究区具有以断裂和不整合为输导层的它源-侧向排烃油气成藏模式,主要构造活动期与阳霞凹陷的烃源岩演化有着很好的匹配关系,使研究区构造圈闭内聚集了大量来自阳霞凹陷的天然气。     

秋里塔格构造带油气聚集分段性及成因机制

为了寻找秋里塔格构造带油气富集规律 ,对该区的油气性质及油气聚集层位进行了分析 .结果表明 ,目前在该构造带东段和西段发现的油气性质差异很大 ,具有东西分段的特点 .天然气中甲烷与乙烷的含量表明 ,该构造带上的天然气都是侏罗系和三叠系天然气混合形成的 ,这对于分析东、西段成藏过程的差异性具有十分重要的意义 .秋里塔格构造带东西段储盖组合的分布层位的不同导致了油气分布层位在东西向上的差异 .构造活动的差异导致了东、西部构造圈闭形成的时期、成藏期及成藏过程都有着较大的差异 ,这也是造成该构造带油气聚集分段的重要原因 .另外 ,扩散分异作用也是造成油气聚集分段性的一个重要的影响因素     

塔西南拗陷甫沙构造带结构模型及形成机制

塔西南拗陷甫沙构造带是西昆仑山前第一排冲断褶皱带。由于浅层覆盖第四系巨厚黄土及深层强烈冲断褶皱变形导致地震资料品质较低,构造解释具有多解性。通过综合分析区域构造背景、地面地质、钻井和地震资料,认为浅层是以上白垩统—古近系膏盐岩为滑脱层的盖层滑脱褶皱变形;深层是基底卷入的中—高角度区域性正反转断层,及在正反转断层下盘由叠瓦状分支逆冲断层组成的楔状叠瓦构造,深、浅构造层整体"分层收缩、垂向叠置"模型能合理解释现有的可靠构造信息。正反转断层在横向上分隔甫沙构造带与西昆仑褶皱造山带,膏盐岩塑性滑脱层在纵向上分隔浅层新生代与深层中生代构造变形。西昆仑山在新近纪—第四纪隆升,引发了自西昆仑山深层向塔西南拗陷斜向向上挤压,促使侏罗—白垩纪区域性先存正断层反转,并控制甫沙构造带的形成演化。     

川西坳陷构造格局及其成因机制

川西坳陷是晚三叠世以来于四川盆地西部发育起来的前陆坳陷,经历了印支、燕山和喜马拉雅多期次构造运动.受西缘龙门山冲断带、北缘米仓山构造带和南缘川滇构造带的影响,川西坳陷相应发育北东向、近东西向和近南北向三组主要构造.川西坳陷现今构造具有东西倾向分带、南北走向分段和垂向分层的变形特点,据地表构造形迹和地腹构造展布,可划分为三个变形区(带):龙门山前缘扩展变形带主要受龙门山冲断带影响,发育北东向构造;川西北低平褶皱区同时受龙门山和米仓山构造带的影响,发育北东向和近东西向构造;川西南低缓断褶区同时受龙门山和川滇构造带的影响,发育北东向和近南北向构造.川西坳陷的构造形成受控于三大因素:基底结构和中下三叠统富膏盐岩层的分布提供了边界条件和物质基础,而周缘构造带影响下的多期、多组构造最终造就了倾向分带、走向分段、垂向分层以及复合-联合构造格局.     

龙门山冲断带滑脱构造变形样式

龙门山冲断带发育多套滑脱带,如寒武系、志留系、下三叠统嘉陵江组、中三叠统雷口坡组等。通过野外地质调查和地震剖面精细解释,认为在具有滑脱层的构造变形中,滑脱层本身发生强烈的挤压揉皱,使得上下地层发生显著不同的构造变形,深部的构造变形在纵向上形成两个构造体系,其中上部构造变形体系具有强烈的构造变形,形成大量的逆冲断裂带、背冲断块等构造变形样式,而下部构造变形体系则经历较弱的构造变形,地层保存完好,形成分层差异构造变形,地表可以见到特征明显的坡坪式断层、节理发育的断开与连续、逆冲断层的尖灭消失、构造虚脱和弯流褶皱、强烈的褶皱或者揉皱等。     

库车坳陷秋立塔克盐构造形成过程物理模拟

通过采集新生界岩石样品、盐岩样品并测定样品的岩石力学参数，经过理论计算和实验，根据相似性原理，选择凡士林和松散的细沙为实验材料。采用砂箱挤压模型，对库车坳陷西段秋立塔克盐构造形成 过程进行模拟。实验表明：（1）在挤压构造背景下、边界条件合适可以形成库车坳陷西段秋立塔克盐枕构造。（2）实验中，随着挤压量的不断增大，盐枕上覆地层逆冲变形强烈，局部地层甚至卷入盐层之中，而下伏地层的变形强度较弱。盐岩本身的变形具有明显的塑性变形特征，与上下岩层的脆性变形明显不同。（3）随着变形的逐渐加强，局部的逆冲断层在挤压背景下可发生反转，形成正断层构造     

祁连山北缘老君庙冲断带构造几何学特征及演化

基于老君庙构造带三维地震资料, 结合以往研究成果, 分析祁连山北缘西段老君庙带的构造几何特征及构造演化。得到以下认识: 老君庙冲断带具有双层结构, 包括浅部的三角剪切型褶皱-冲断构造以及冲断带层下盘隐伏的逆冲构造楔体; 该冲断带自东向西与北东?南西走向的 134 断裂链接, 形成统一的“134-老君庙弯曲断裂”体系, 其后缘为134 走滑兼逆冲性质的调节断裂, 前锋为庙北三角剪切型褶皱-冲断系; “134-老君庙-青头山”断裂围限的上盘逆冲岩片向前陆方向扩张, 导致平行冲断带近东西向的挤压调节变形, 引起浅部新生代地层发生近南北走向的褶皱变形。     

龙门山冲断带分段-分带性构造格局及其差异变形特征

龙门山冲断带地处青藏高原东缘,介于松潘-甘孜褶皱带与四川盆地之间,由一系列走向北东、倾向北西的逆冲断层及其所夹的岩片组成.分段一分带性构造格局是龙门山冲断带的基本特点和重要特色.龙门山自西向东发育有4条主干断裂:茂县-汶川断裂、北川-映秀-五龙断裂、安县-都江堰(原称"灌县")-双石断裂和广元-大邑-雅安(隐伏)断裂.由这些主干断裂分隔,龙门山冲断带沿倾向表现出明显的分带性变形特征,以其典型构造特征自西向东称为弧形韧性变形带、基底冲断-同劈理褶皱带、同心褶皱-叠瓦冲断带、前陆扩展变形带和前陆坳陷带,它们自西向东显示层次渐浅、韧性递减、脆性渐强的变形特点.龙门山冲断带沿走向以北川-安县与卧龙-怀远-线为界可三分为北段、中段和南段,北段以出露轿子顶基底杂岩和唐王寨向斜及其前缘叠瓦冲断系为主要特征,中段以出露彭灌基底杂岩及其前缘发育飞来蜂为典型特征,南段以出露五龙、宝兴基底杂岩及其前缘发育飞来蜂为典型特征.自北东向南西,龙门山冲断带沿走向具有构造起始和定型时期渐晓、脆性渐强、前陆卷入变形的程度渐强、新生代隆升渐快和活动性增强的变化趋势.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that