微波诱导固——固相反应合成纳米氧化锌

以硫酸锌和碳酸钠为原料,采用微波诱导辐射的方法,固—固相反应制备纳米氧化锌。     

微波加热制备高分散性纳米氧化锌粉体

为了研究纳米氧化锌粉体干燥和热分解时的团聚问题,以硝酸锌和碳酸钠为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备前驱体,无水乙醇洗涤后,通过微波加热前驱体制备出了纳米氧化锌粉体。用TEM、FT—IR、TG—DTA、XRD等测试手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明：所得纳米氧化锌属于六方纤维矿的单晶结构,平均粒径为30nm,分布均匀,分散性好;无水乙醇洗涤和微波加热可有效避免纳米氧化锌粉体干燥和热分解时的团聚问题。并就微波加热和乙醇洗涤对产品分散性的影响机理做了初步探讨。     

低品位氧化锌矿湿法浸取制备纳米氧化锌

以低品位氧化锌矿为原料,通过酸浸、净化除杂得到纯净的硫酸锌溶液.以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,采用直接沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌粉体.考察了碳酸氢铵和硫酸锌的物质的量之比、反应温度、反应时间、前驱体碱式碳酸锌的热分解温度及时间对纳米氧化锌粒径大小及锌沉淀率或产品纯度的影响.采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜等对产品的粒径及晶型结构进行检测.结果表明,所得产品为六方晶系氧化锌,形貌为球状,平均粒径为40 nm,ZnO质量分数达到97.5%.所设计工艺可得到技术指标达到GB/T 19589-2004 国家标准中纳米氧化锌粉体要求,且操作简便易行,易于工业化生产.     

低成本无团聚纳米氧化锌的制造

 以硫酸锌、碳酸氢铵为原料,借鉴传统的直接沉淀法生产工艺优点并进行原理性改进,开发出低成本、无团聚、产量大、粒径可控、高品质新型的纳米氧化锌生产工艺,即沉淀-分散法生产工艺.在反应前加入表面活性剂,制得无团聚表面改性的碱式碳酸锌前驱体,用含有表面活性剂的水溶液洗涤,压滤干燥,在380～550℃下保温0.5～1.5h分解制得少团聚的粒径<60nm的纳米氧化锌;然后用无水乙醇作分散介质,将纳米氧化锌球磨2h,进行分散和无团聚化处理,回收乙醇,即制得无团聚、平均粒径35.6nm纳米氧化锌.在实验的基础上分析了纳米氧化锌团聚与分散的机理.     

纳米氧化锌的制备与表征

以草酸和醋酸锌为原料，用室温固相化学反应首先制备前驱物二水合草酸锌，进而在微波场辐射分解，得到产物纳米氧化锌。用X－射线粉末衍射和透射电镜对产物的组成、大小及形貌进行表征。结果表明：产物纳米氧化锌为粒度分布均匀的球形六角晶系结构，平均粒径约为8nm。     

微波辅助溶胶-凝胶法一步合成纳米氧化锌及其催化降解性能研究

以乙酸锌和氢氧化锂为原料,以无水乙醇为溶剂,采用微波辅助溶胶-凝胶法一步制备了纳米ZnO,用X射线衍射、紫外-可见吸收光谱、电子显微镜和电子能谱对其进行了表征.用紫外光作为光源,一定浓度的活性艳蓝为光催化反应模型污染物,研究了在不同反应时间下微波辐射合成的ZnO光催化性能并与传统溶胶-凝胶法合成的纯氧化锌作比较.结果表明,采用微波法合成的ZnO吸收边蓝移,粒径变小,光催化活性提高;微波辐射30min合成的ZnO光催化性能最好,当催化剂用量为10mg,对质量浓度为20mg/L的活性艳蓝溶液100mL的降解率40min达到90%.     

铂纳米颗粒的微波制备及其对汗潜指印的分子识别显现

目的利用微波辐射法制备铂纳米颗粒,并与传统水热法所制备的铂纳米颗粒比较,探究微波辐射法制备的铂纳米颗粒在汗潜识别显现方面的优点与不足。方法将乙二醇、氢氧化钠加入到氣铂酸溶液中,用传统水热与微波辐射两种方式分别进行加热,得到两种铂纳米颗粒,并通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见分光光度计等手段对两种铂纳米颗粒分别进行表征和性质比较。结果表明微波辐射法制备的铂纳米颗粒粒径更均匀、分散性更好,铂原子能够对潜指印中的生物分子进行非共价识别,显现的指纹纹线更清晰。结论用微波辐射法制备的铂纳米颗粒在汗潜显现方面比传统水热方法更加优越,是一种快捷、高效的显现方法。     

纳米银与纳米氧化锌混合物的抗菌活性

采用常温还原法合成纳米银及微波超声波组合法合成纳米氧化锌样品,运用X线粉末衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及UV—Vis光谱对样品的组成及形貌进行表征．将纳米银与纳米氧化锌进行混合,采用菌落计数法测定混合物对大肠杆菌（E．coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S．a／Are／AS）的抑菌活性．结果表明,所合成样品为分散性好的5nm银颗粒及均一棱柱状结构的纳米氧化锌．二者混合物在银含量减少一半时对两种细菌的抗菌活性明显高于单独的纳米银或纳米氧化锌,表明混合物中纳米银和纳米氧化锌在抗菌时发挥了协同作用．     

磷酸钴纳米粒子的微波辐射制备法

介绍用微波辐射法对磷酸钴纳米粒子的制备方法和分离方法.并对磷酸钴纳米粒子进行了结构和组成的测试,讨论了影响粒子形成的主要因素.通过实验得到了平均粒径为50.64nm的球形微粒的磷酸钴纳米粒子.     

纳米氧化锌的表面修饰及其摩擦学行为研究

采用直接沉淀法制备了粒径分布均匀（平均大小约为10nm）的纳米氧化锌,并采用X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电子显微（TEM）手段进行了表征.以山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯（span-60）、油酸、月桂酸钠和氟碳（（C—F）x）为表面活性剂对纳米氧化锌进行表面修饰,将修饰过的纳米氧化锌添加到液体石蜡中,使其质量分数为0.5%,进行沉降实验.用傅里叶红外线光谱仪（FT-IR）对表面修饰过的纳米氧化锌进行分析,用Falex-6型四球摩擦磨损实验机进行摩擦磨损实验,用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对钢球的表面进行形貌分析.结果表明,在液体石蜡中加入修饰过的纳米氧化锌,其摩擦系数及钢球的磨损程度均大大降低,其中经含有羧基的油酸修饰的纳米氧化锌在液体石蜡中的分散性最好,抗磨减摩性能最佳.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has