共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
O. Kah P. Dubourg M. -G. Martinoli M. Geffard A. Calas 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1987,43(3):300-302
Summary The anterior pituitary of teleosts is unique among vertebrates in receiving a direct innervation which represents the morphological support of the neuroendocrine control of pars distalis functions. The participation of GABAergic fibers in this innervation was studied by means of immunocytochemistry at the light and electron microscopic levels, using antibodies against GABA. Immunoreactive fibers, characterized by the presence of small clear and dense cored vesicles, were detected in all parts of the gland. Immunopositive terminals were found in close, sometimes synaptic-like, contact with most glandular cell types in the anterior lobe. The data strongly suggest that in teleosts, as in mammals, GABA is involved in the neuroendocrine control of anterior pituitary functions. 相似文献
2.
The anterior pituitary of teleosts is unique among vertebrates in receiving a direct innervation which represents the morphological support of the neuroendocrine control of pars distalis functions. The participation of GABAergic fibers in this innervation was studied by means of immunocytochemistry at the light and electron microscopic levels, using antibodies against GABA. Immunoreactive fibers, characterized by the presence of small clear and dense cored vesicles, were detected in all parts of the gland. Immunopositive terminals were found in close, sometimes synaptic-like, contact with most glandular cell types in the anterior lobe. The data strongly suggest that in teleosts, as in mammals, GABA is involved in the neuroendocrine control of anterior pituitary functions. 相似文献
3.
Summary Cells of the anterior lobe of the bovine hypophysis, show an affinity for immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM. The phenomenon either provides a message to stimulate cellular secretion or to excite mechanisms associated with the synthesis and release of Ig's or their determinants.This study was supported by a grant from the National Research council of Canada. 相似文献
4.
M. Pawlikowski J. Kunert-Radek H. Stěpień 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1978,34(2):271-272
Summary The effect of somatostatin and of thyroliberin on the mitotic incidence in the organ-cultured anterior pituitary lobe of the rat was investigated, using the colchicine metaphase-arrest technique. It was found that somatostatin added to the culture medium, together with thyroliberin, blocked the mitogenic effect of the latter.This work was supported by Polish Academy of Sciences, program No 10. 4. 相似文献
5.
The effect of somatostatin and of thyroliberin on the mitotic incidence in the organ-cultured anterior pituitary lobe of the rat was investigated, using the colchicine metaphase-arrest technique. It was found that somatostatin added to the culture medium, together with thyroliberin, blocked the mitogenic effect of the latter. 相似文献
6.
Cells of the anterior lobe of the bovine hypophysis, show an affinity for immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM. The phenomenon either provides a message to stimulate cellular secretion or to excite mechanisms associated with the synthesis and release of Ig's or their determinants. 相似文献
7.
Endocrine cells producing regulatory peptides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Recent data on the immunolocalization of regulatory peptides and related propeptide sequences in endocrine cells and tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, lung, thyroid, pituitary (ACTH and opioids), adrenals and paraganglia have been revised and discussed. Gastrin, xenopsin, cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin, motilin, secretin, GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide), neurotensin, glicentin/glucagon-37 and PYY (peptide tyrosine tyrosine) are the main products of gastrointestinal endocrine cells; glucagon, CRF (corticotropin releasing factor), somatostatin, PP (pancreatic polypeptide) and GRF (growth hormone releasing factor), in addition to insulin, are produced in pancreatic islet cells; bombesin-related peptides are the main markers of pulmonary endocrine cells; calcitonin and CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) occur in thyroid and extrathyroid C cells; ACTH and endorphins in anterior and intermediate lobe pituitary cells, alpha-MSH and CLIP (corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide) in intermediate lobe cells; met- and leu-enkephalins and related peptides in adrenal medullary and paraganglionic cells as well as in some gut (enterochromaffin) cells; NPY (neuropeptide Y) in adrenaline-type adrenal medullary cells, etc.. Both tissue-appropriate and tissue-inappropriate regulatory peptides are produced by endocrine tumours, with inappropriate peptides mostly produced by malignant tumours. 相似文献
8.
N Bons 《Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Série D, Sciences naturelles》1980,290(2):113-116
The neural systems secreting vasotocin and mesotocin has been characterized in the Duck brain with indirect immunofluorescent techniques, using specific antisera. In the anterior preoptic region and in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, neurons producing vasotocine and neurons producing mesotocine have been identified separately. Only vasotocinergic neurons were localized in ectomammillary tract. Vasotocin--and mesotocin--containing axons together enter the median eminence, some of them crossed the internal zone of the median eminence before ending in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, whereas other axons of both classes entered the external layer of the rostral median eminence, in close contact with the capillaries of the hypophysial portal system. 相似文献
9.
E. Solcia L. Usellini R. Buffa G. Rindi L. Villani C. Zampatti E. Silini 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1987,43(7):839-850
Summary Recent data on the immunologication of regulatory peptides and related propeptide sequences in endocrine cells and tumours of the gastrointestinal tract pancreas, lung, thyroid, pituitary (ACTH and opioids), adrenals and paraganglia have been revised and discussed. Gastrin, xenopsin, cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin, motilin, secretin, GIP (gastric inhibitory beenrevised and discussed. Gastrin, xenopsin, cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin, motilin, secretin, GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide), neurotensin, glicentin/glucagon-37 and PYY (peptide tyrosine tyrosine) are the main products of gastrointestinal endocrine cells; glucagon, CRF (corticotropin releasing factor), somatostatin, PP (pancreatic polypeptide) and GRF (growth hormone releasing factor), in addition to insulin, are produced in pancreatic islet cells; bombesin-related peptidesare the main markers of pulmonary endocrine cells; calcitonin and CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) occur in thyroid and extrathyroid C cells; ACTH and endorphins in anterior and intermediate lobe pituitary cells, -MSH and CLIP (corticotropoin-like intermediate lobe peptide) in intermediate lobe cells; met- and leu-enkephalins and related peptides in adrenal medullary and paraganglionic cells as well as in some gut (enterochromaffin) cells; NPY (neuropeptide Y) in adrenalin-type adrenal medullary cells, etc.. Both tissue-appropriate and tissue-inappropriate regulatory peptides are produced by endocrine tumours, with inappropriate peptides mostly produced by malignant tumours. 相似文献
10.
C Girod M Lhéritier Y Guichard 《Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Série D, Sciences naturelles》1975,280(21):2481-2483
Folliculo-stellar cells are present in the anterior lobe of hypophysis of the monkey Macacus irus. These cells limit strait cavities in which one can observe microvillosites at the apical pole of the cells. The folliculo-stellar cells possess long and thin fibers which insert themselves between different types of granular cells and sometimes extend to the peri-capillar regions. Numerous organelles are present in these folliculo-stellar cells, especially microfilaments. 相似文献
11.
Paul Gasche 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1946,2(1):24-26
Summary The mechanism of action of thiouracil and thiourea was investigated on Xenopus tadpoles. Both substances are able to stop metamorphotic changes if administered early enough. Characteristic disturbances occur in the epithelium of the thyroid follicles after only 24 hours. The action of these substances over a period of several weeks may lead to goitre. In the pituitary anterior lobe, on the other hand, the same characteristic changes take place in the basophilic cells as after thyroidectomy. The thyroid structure of hypophysectomised tadpoles corresponds to that of untreated hypophysectomised animals. Thiourea and thiouracil do not inhibit the thyroxine effect on thyroidectomised and hypophysectomised tadpoles. These findings indicate that the point of attack of thiouracil and thiourea lies in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid, and thus supportAstwood's hypothesis. 相似文献
12.
The study of Drosophila melanogaster by a combination of forward genetics with specific mutants, and reverse genetics, in which a given gene is expressed in an
appropriate brain area to test its effect on behavior, provides a unique opportunity to explore the causal relationship between
a particular gene, its function in the cell and the behavioral outcome at the organismic level. Enhanced male-to-male courtship
has been shown to occur as a result of mutations in several different genes. For example, the Voila mutant exhibits intense GAL4 reporter expression in the tarsal gustatory sensilla, suggesting the importance of tapping by
a male on the female abdomen with his forelegs. Feminization of parts of the antennal lobe and mushroom body by targeted expression
of a female-determining gene transformer
+ (tra
+) drives the male to court other males. Mutations in the tra target gene fruitless (fru), which is expressed in the antennal lobe as well as the suboesophageal ganglion (the gustatory inputs are processed here),
also induce homosexual courtship in males. These results suggest that sensory inputs mediated and/or processed by the tarsal
receptors, suboesophageal ganglion, antennal lobe and mushroom body contribute to the regulation of male–female courtship.
Mosaic analysis localized the neural center for male courtship behavior to the posterior dorsal brain, in which the sensory
information processed by the aforementioned neural structures may be integrated. Another mosaic study mapped the neural center
for female sexual behavior, as measured by her receptiveness to copulation, to the anterior dorsal brain. The issue as to
how the mutations that reduce female sexual receptiveness, e.g. dissatisfaction (dsf), spinster (spin) and chaste (cht), affect the structure and/or function of this neural center deserves to be addressed urgently.
Received 27 April 1999; received after revision 21 June 1999; accepted 8 July 1999 相似文献
13.
Massa M Mangione P Pignatti P Stoppini M Zanotti G Arcidiaco P Merlini G Ferri G Bellotti V 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2000,57(4):675-683
We have recently described an anti-beta2-microglobulin (beta2-m) monoclonal antibody (mAb 14H3) capable of recognizing the epitope 92-99 of the protein in the monomeric native state as well as in the fibrillar polymeric state, but not in the major histocompatibility complex type I (MHCI) anchored to the cell membrane. In the present study, we investigated the molecular basis for the inaccessibility of the C-terminal end of beta2-m in the MHCI complex, and demonstrated that mAb 14H3 binds the soluble fraction of the MHCI complex with a Kd of 0.3 microM. An interaction between the complex and the membrane protects beta2-m from immunological recognition at the MHCI level. This protection from antibody recognition can be weakened by procedures such as heat shock or gamma irradiation that perturb the membrane structure and commit the cell to the apoptotic pathway. mAb 14H3 can recognize MHCI in a transient state that most likely precedes beta2-m shedding and may be proposed as a useful tool for dynamic analysis of MHCI conformational modifications. 相似文献
14.
E. Kerpel-Fronius J. Vönöczky I. Kelemen 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1948,4(6):229-231
Summary Starving and thirsting rabbits were injected subcutaneously every three hours with two units of commercial posterior lobe extract (Glanduitrin Richter).The concentration of the urines, as measured by nitrogen and freezing-point determinations, declined sharply after an initial rise of three or four days duration. This hyposthenuria was accompanied by an azotaemia of 300–500 mg%. Such values are observed otherwise only in the last stages of kidney insufficiency. The concentrating power of the kidneys of control animals deprived of food and water was not impaired, the rise of N.P.N. unimportant. The origin of this posterior lobe uraemia is discussed. Hyposthenuria and not oliguria was found to be the important feature of the condition. 相似文献
15.
目的利用静息态功能磁共振成像(rsfMRI,Resting.statefunctionalMagneticResonanceImaging)技术观察原发性痛经患者艾灸关元穴前后脑局部r致性(ReHo,RegionalHomogeneity)变化的特点,从脑区局部神经元协调性的角度探讨艾灸关元穴治疗原发性痛经的中枢镇痛机制。方法20例符合纳入标准的原发性痛经患者分别在艾灸关元穴前及艾灸关元穴5分钟后接受静息状态fMRI扫描,采用局部一致性方法作为测量指标进行数据分析。结果史灸后,患者多个与疼痛相关的脑区存在局部神经元活动的一致性的改变。艾灸后右侧颞上回一、左颞中回、额中回、中央前回、左侧额上回、右侧前扣带回皮质ReHo值较艾灸前显著升高(P〈0.05,校正后);左额下回、枕叶、双侧丘脑ReHo值较艾灸前显著降低(P〈0.05,校正后)。结论艾灸关元穴可以引起多个疼痛脑区的局部一致性增高或降低,这些脑区可能是艾灸关元穴发挥镇痛作用的靶点,可能阐明了艾灸关元穴治疗原发性痛经的中枢镇痛机制。 相似文献
16.
17.
Khan ZU Martín-Montañez E Baxter MG 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2011,68(10):1737-1754
Visual perception and memory are the most important components of vision processing in the brain. It was thought that the
perceptual aspect of a visual stimulus occurs in visual cortical areas and that this serves as the substrate for the formation
of visual memory in a distinct part of the brain called the medial temporal lobe. However, current evidence indicates that
there is no functional separation of areas. Entire visual cortical pathways and connecting medial temporal lobe are important
for both perception and visual memory. Though some aspects of this view are debated, evidence from both sides will be explored
here. In this review, we will discuss the anatomical and functional architecture of the entire system and the implications
of these structures in visual perception and memory. 相似文献
18.
H Simon L Stinus M Le Moal 《Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Série D, Sciences naturelles》1980,290(3):255-258
The acquisition of the intravenous self-administration of d-amphetamine was studied after separate lesions of anterior raphe nuclei (dorsal or median). Every lever-press delivered 2.5 microliter of a d-amphetamine solution dosed at 7.5 microgram/kg. Lesion of anterior raphe nuclei produced an hyper-sensitivity to d-amphetamine as indicated by a dramatic increase in self-administration by experimental Rats compared to the controls. Moreover this enhanced self-administration behavior is observed with a low blood concentration of d-amphetamine. The greater increase was obtained for median raphe lesioned Rats. These effects are interpreted in terms of 5HT-DA balance and could provide an experimental model for neurobiological bases of drug addiction studies. 相似文献
19.
W. H. Boyd 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1985,41(1):114-116
Summary Bovine pituitary intraglandular colloid thought to be a waste product, is the holocrine secretion of intermediate lobe cells. It is housed in the intraglandular lumen (residual lumen) and is extruded into the venous circulation of the cavernous sinuses via clefts in the capsule of the gland aligned with the intraglandular lumen. Intraglandular colloid, fraction F5 (mol.wt 34,000), radiolabeled with (125I)Na and injected (0.15 ml) into the right internal jugular vein of male Wistar rats, accumulated in the endocrine pancreas. Autoradiographs showed that the material had specifically localized in the capillary network of the endocrine pancreas. Since the intermediate lobe is poorly vascularized, intraglandular colloid is considered to be the transport medium for intermediate lobe materials.This study was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.I would like to thank S. Choles and J. Bennett for their technical expertise with the help of P. Galvin and W. Halina. I thank members of the Central Animal Facilities, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, for labeling the intraglandular colloid and for counting the decay rate of the tissue. I would also like to thank Drs. A. deBold and J. Kraicer, Faculty of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, for their interest in this study. 相似文献
20.
M J Alluchon-Gérard J Mellinger 《Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Série D, Sciences naturelles》1978,286(21):1511-1514
In the adenohypophysis of very young spotted dogfish, only one kind of granulated cells show strcutural changes following thyroidectomy: the small granule cells of the ventral lobe (granule diameter about 110 nm). These cells are similar to the thyrotrophs of other Vertebrates, and well distinct from the supposed gonadotrophs found in the same lobe. 相似文献