高雷诺数下双圆柱绕流诱发振动的数值模拟

基于表面涡方法研究了不同间隙比及归一化阻尼参数下,串列和并列双圆柱的流体诱导振动问题,并计算了圆柱的振动响应、流体力、振动频率等.结果表明:圆柱为刚性时的计算模拟结果与相关文献的实验结果吻合良好;在文中的研究条件下,串列双弹性圆柱具有屏蔽流的特征,涡脱落频率比刚性圆柱的大,其值主要取决于归一化阻尼而非间隙比;流体从并列双弹性圆柱分离的涡是对称的,与并列双刚性圆柱相比其平均力系数略小,但由于流体诱导振动造成的脉动力系数较大,故流体诱导振动对并列圆柱的动态响应有重要的影响.研究结果为亚临界雷诺数范围内热交换器管束的复杂流体诱导振动等问题提供了一种可能的计算方法.     

The effect of conical flowfields on the performance of waveriders at Mach 6

The performance of 23 kinds of waveriders, derived from different conical flowfields, is analyzed by the numerical computation under the conditions of fight speed of Mach 6, attack angle of 0° and flight alti- tude of 30 km. These results indicate that the performance is influenced by the shapes and the width to height ratios (W/H ) of generating cones. The geometrical parameter and the lift coefficient are propor- tional to W/H, while the drag coefficient and the lift to drag ratio (L/D ) have extreme values. Considering the base drag and the computation errors, the waverider with the highest L/D is cut from the elliptical cone’s flowfield (W/H = 1.5―1.618), and the configuration with the lowest drag can also be obtained at W/H = 1:1.5. Accordingly, good suggestions are proposed for practical design based on these compu- tational results.     

Molecule modification and mass deposition induced by the implantation of low energy Fe+ ion beams into amino acids

Fe⁺ ion beams with the energy of 110 keV were implanted into films of L(+)-cysteine (HSCH₂CH(NH₂)COOH). One of the single crystals grown in hydrochloric acid solution with the implanted samples through slow evaporation was structurally characterized by the X-ray crystallography. The crystal is monoclinic, space group C2, with a = 1.8534(4) nm, b = 0.5234(1) nm, c = 0.7212(1) nm, β= 103.72°, V = 0.67965(3) nm³, Z = 4, F(000) = 144.0, D{clac} = 1.763 g · cm⁻³, μ(MoK _a = 1.06 mm⁻¹, T = 293(2) K. R = 0.0379, wR = 0.0835 for 660 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). The structural formula of the crystal compound is (CH₂CH(NH₂)NO₂)ClFe (M _r = 180.38 u). Products of heavy ion beam irradiation were purified and it was directly confirmed that the implanted Fe⁺ ions had been deposited in the novel molecules. The same doses of Fe⁺ ion beams of the same energy were implanted into films of L(+)-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate. FTIR spectroscopy of the implanted samples proved that some of the original molecules were seriously damaged and significant modifications were induced.     

中承式拱桥主拱静风载试验及数值模拟

大跨度中承式拱桥属于柔性空间结构,主拱上风荷载往往起控制作用.以重庆菜园坝长江大桥为例,进行主拱单拱及双拱节段模型测力风洞试验.均匀流下的单拱测力试验表明,主拱的阻力系数变异性较小,升力系数与力矩系数变异系数较大.双拱测力试验表明,迎风拱的静力三分力与单拱试验结果相差不大,下风拱静力三分力系数随两拱的间距宽度比及攻角变化.利用流体力学软件FLUENT对拱的静力三分力系数进行了数值模拟,模拟结果与试验吻合较好,很好地显示了阻力系数随两拱间距宽度比的变化.     

The fluid inclusions in jadeitite from Pharkant area, Myanmar

A lot of liquid-gas and liquid-gas-solid inclusions were found in Pharkant jadeitites, northwestern Myanmar and their characteristics, geological setting and porphyroclastic jadeites with inclusions in them were described in detail. The results analyzed by Raman spectrometer showed that the component of liquid-gas phase and solid phase (daughter minerals) in fluid inclusions is H₂O + CH₄ and jadeite separately. The results indicated that Pharkant jadeitites were crystallized from H₂O + CH₄ bearing jadeitic melt which may originate from mantle. The P-T conditions in which the jadeitites were crystallized were speculated to be T ＞650℃, P ＞1.5 GPa.     

Mixed H2/H∞ Control Using a Fuzzy Singularly Perturbed Model with Multiple Perturbation Parameters for Gust Load Alleviation

This paper presents a mixed H2/H∞ control using fuzzy singularly perturbed model (FSPM) with multiple perturbation parameters. Since FSPM with multiple perturbation parameters is an extension of models with a single perturbation parameter, the theoretical results are applicable to a larger class of systems described by multiple time scale nonlinear models, such as flying aircraft and flexible space robots. The parameter-independent solution of the mixed H2/H∞ controller was obtained in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The application of this approach to gust load alleviation of a flying vehicle verifies its effectiveness and flexibility.     

Pasternak地基梁受迫振动行波解

通过弹性波在梁结构中的反射、透射和传播,研究了Pasternak地基Euler梁在简谐集中载荷激励下响应．分别总结了Pastemak地基梁和有限长度弹性梁振动的波传播分析的研究进展．推导了Pastemak地基梁上外力和力矩作用点处的入射波与外力和力矩的矩阵关系．结合这些矩阵以及波在梁中的传播矩阵和边界处的反射矩阵,通过波列封闭原则给出了一种简洁、系统地分析任意激励频率下梁横向响应的方法．考虑两种经典边界条件,通过扫描简谐激励频率,给出了地基梁的频率响应．并由共振关系给出Pastemak地基梁的固有频率以及模态．通过数值算例比较了地基剪切模量对地基梁的频率响应的影响．     

相位差法测量激光束频率稳定度的研究

本文提出一种测量激光束频率稳定度的新方法(相位差法),采用光外差技术,测量两光束的光程不同而引起的相位差,在所设计的光路中,激光管的频率变化将使两光束的相位差随着变化,从而使本方法得以实现。本文从理论上推导了激光管的频率稳定度△f/f_0与两光束相位差的变化之间的关系,叙述了实验装置,进行了比对测试,理论与实验都得到了一致的结果。     

衍射光栅外差干涉测量的研究

提出一种新的测量光栅运动的方法，它利用声光调制器产生两个频率的激光，将其中一个频率的光入射到光栅上，产生正负级衍射光，光栅的运动使衍射光实现多普频移，然后将衍射光与另一频率的光干涉，即可实现光栅运动的外差干涉测量，正负级衍射光的同时使可以消除光栅横移的影响。     

Spacecraft Dynamic Characteristics While Deploying Flexible Beams

IntroductionVibrations increase when flexible spacecraft beamsare deployed. The deploying and the vibrations ofthe beams influence the attitude motion of thespacecraft. Li and Wang[1,2 ] has studied thedynamics of a rigid body spacecraft with twosymmetric deploying flexible beams. Theapproximate formulas were given for theamplitudes of the beams and the attitude angularvelocities of the spacecraft for certain conditions.Song and Ma[3] found the dynamic equations forflexible appendages of spa…     

考虑水平力作用的改进型文克勒地基模型

针时文克勒地基模型不能计算在水平力作用下的弹性地基梁的不足,提出了改进的文克勒地基模型．依据文克勒基本假定,考虑水平力对梁剪力和弯矩产生的影响,采用位移法推导出弹性地基梁梁单元劲度矩阵的修正项,形成可以用于计算承受水平力的弹性地基梁梁单元劲度矩阵,并编制了相应的有限元计算程序．计算表明,采用本模型计算承受水平力作用的弹性地基梁,可以进行合理的结构设计．     

Simultaneous polyandry and heteropaternity in tiger (Panthera tigris altaica): Implications for conservation of genetic diversity in captive populations of felids

Male tigers(Panthera tigris altaica) in captivity copulate alternatively with an estrous female,suggesting a potential for heteropaternity as an effective reproductive strategy to maximize genetic diversity of offspring.We analyzed microsatellites to test and compare the genetic output of multiple male mating(simultaneous polyandry) and single male mating(monogamy) with a female in a captive population.Simultaneous polyandry resulted in heteropaternity in 66.7% observed litters.No significant differences between parental populations and between offspring populations were detected in the number of alleles(A),expected heterozygosity(H e),number of effective alleles(N e) per locus and standard individual heterozygosity(SH)(P>0.05 for all 4 indexes).Comparisons showed no significant reduction of A,H o,H e and SH from parental population to offspring population for the two mating modes(P>0.05) except for SH in polyandrous families(P=0.029).However,such reduction was equivalent to single mating families when the influence of relatedness was eliminated using effective SH(E SH)(P>0.05).These results highlight an alternative strategy for managing captive populations of tiger and other wild felids in which animals are combined at one location allowing for copulation by multiple males to encourage heteropaternity in favor of maintained genetic diversity among offspring.     

Hydrogen production by draTGB hupL double mutant of Rhodospirillum rubrum under different light conditions

To increase H2 yield of Rhodospirillum rubrum in two-stage hydrogen production process, two deletion mutants were constructed. One is single mutant designated R. rubrum UR801 that deleted hupL gene encoding the large subunit of uptake hy- drogenase, and the other is a double mutant desig- nated R. rubrum UR805 lacked both draTGB encod- ing regulators for the activity of nitrogenase and hupL. Comparing H2 yields of two mutants with R. rubrum UR2 (wild type) and UR472 (ΔdraTGB) under differ- ent light conditions, the results showed that the H2 yield of R. rubrum UR801 under continuous light is the highest (5700 mL of H2 per liter culture), and it is 1.56, 2.24 and 2.32-fold that of R. rubrum UR2, UR472 and UR805, respectively. However, the total H2 yield of R. rubrum UR805 in two-stage hydrogen production process is the highest (4303 mL/L), and it is 1.35, 1.21 and 1.04-fold that of R. rubrum UR2, UR801 and UR472, respectively. Thus, R. rubrum UR805 might be a valuable strain to produce a large amount of hydrogen in two-stage hydrogen produc- tion process.     

曲梁周期结构动力学特性和隔振性能

针对由曲梁和刚性面板组成的四边支撑曲梁周期结构,提出其等效质量 弹簧模型.利用Bloch定理和波向量法分别研究了其阻带特征和输入输出导纳特性,分析了周期数和尺寸参数对导纳的影响.利用传递矩阵法研究了曲梁周期结构在基础为弹性板的单自由度系统中的应用.理论和实验结果表明：曲梁周期结构具有较低频段的宽频带阻带;曲梁周期结构可以作为隔振器,对机组引发的振动进行隔振;也可以作为具有阻带特征的隔振结构,抑制其阻带内弹性基础共振峰处的响应.     

基于转换矩阵法的中间带弹性支撑剪切梁模态求解

基于转换矩阵法,根据弹性支承点处的协调条件,推导得到跨度不同、各跨刚度不同、单位长度质量不同、中间带弹性支承、不同边界条件下剪切梁的特征方程,并验证了方法的正确性。基于数值算例,探讨了边界条件对剪切梁模态的影响,给出了剪切梁与欧拉梁的对比分析。     

Beam fanning effect and image storage in Ce： KNSBN crystal

A non-synchronously-numerating experimental system is applied in this research.The effect of the incident beam intensity I and the beam incident angleθon beam fanning effect is investigated with a singular beam incident on Ce:KNSBN crystal.The results show that the beam fanning effect strongly depends on I andθ.The threshold effect of I for the beam fanning in Ce:KNSBN crystal is observed,and the threshold intensity of incident beam keeps the same value of 38.2 mW/cm 2 for differentθ,and the steady beam fanning intensity Ifsat reaches a peak atθ=15°under the same I.In addition,the effect of the incident beam modulated on the beam fanning noise and holographic storage in Ce:KNSBN crystal is studied.And the results suggest that the beam fanning noise is effectively suppressed,and the quality of the reappearance image is greatly improved.     

THz spectra of five borates crystals

Terahertz spectral responses have been studied for five borate crystals Nas[B2P3O13] （NBP）, Zn3BPO （ZBP）, SrB407 （SBO）, Na3LagO3（BO 3）8 （NLBO） and PbB407 （PBO）. It is found that the samples had good transmission in 0.25--1.5 THz region. Both SBO and NLBO have an absorption coefficient less than 10 cm^-1. Among them, SBO has not only the smallest absorption coefficient but also a very flat dispersion in the frequency region under investigation. Distinct resonance absorption peaks are observed for ZBP at v1 = 1.4 THz, v2 = 2.0 THz and SBO at v = 2.4 THz. In the spectrum of PBO, two abnormal dispersions appear in the frequency regions 1.44--1.74 and 2.2--2.5 THz. The absorption coefficients and refraction indices of the five crystals are extracted from the THz time-domain （THz-TDS） spectra in 0.25--2.5 THz region. The properties and origins of the spectral responses are addressed.     

组合梁的应力分析与实验

为了精确分析叠梁、加楔块叠梁和整梁的承载能力，采用温克尔假设法和电测实验技术，完成了矩形截面叠梁受力弯曲时的模型简化理论计算与实测分析。研究了同截面、同材料的叠梁、加楔块叠梁的应力分布、内力变化和承载能力。理论和实验均表明：叠梁的应力最大，加楔块叠梁的应力次之，整梁的应力最小。     

屈曲式微加速度开关设计与分析

根据弹性梁的大挠度后屈曲理论，建立了多力耦合作用下加速度开关系统的动力学模型，由此设计了一种新型屈曲式微机械加速度开关．该开关采用倾斜微梁支撑敏感质量块，将两折叠梁固定于质量块的上下表面，从而保证了开关动作的方向性．利用弹性线方法计算了倾斜支撑梁结构大挠度后屈曲的非线性刚度，分析了气膜阻尼力和触点接触力对系统性能的影响，并运用数值方法对含有椭圆积分的强非线性系统进行了动态特性分析．仿真结果表明，所设计的开关响应时间低于6ms，不稳定接触时间小于0．02ms，在闭合状态下触点的接触力大于50mN，与其他类型开关相比，它具有良好的闽值特性和接触可靠性，因此在惯性控制系统中具有广泛的应用前景．     

Characteristics and implications of stress state in a gold mine in Ludong area,China

In this study, we obtained information from twenty-one measurement points on the stress magnitudes and orientations of a gold mine in the Ludong area. We used the overcoring technique with an improved hollow inclusion strain gauge and then analyzed the distribution characteristics of the in situ stress field. The results indicate that the stress field is characterized by σ_H > σ_h > σ_v and σ_H > σ_v > σ_h (where σ_H, σ_h, and σ_v are the maximum horizontal, minimum horizontal, and vertical principal stresses, respectively). The regional stress field is dominated by horizontal principal stress. The σ_H, σ_h, and σ_v values show a gradual increasing trend with depth. The σ_H is predominantly oriented in the NWW-SEE or near-EW direction. We also confirmed the correspondence between the measured stress field and the regional geological structure. In addition, based on the measured stress data, we discuss the implications of the in situ stress with respect to fault activity in the mine area.