基于改进SegNet算法的车道线检测方法

无人驾驶车辆在结构化道路中需要通过车道线判断自身位置,为提高其检测的实时性与准确性,本文提出一种利用改进SegNet网络算法与连通域约束相结合的方法实现车道线检测识别。将对称的SegNet网络算法改为非对称结构对车道线作逐像素提取：利用卷积与池化提取车道线特征,摒弃传统的车道线聚类过程,利用二值化图像结合连通域约束与关联对车道特征点进行分类,最后对相同类别的车道特征点进行车道线拟合。该算法在香港中文大学的 CULane 数据集和图森未来的TuSimple数据集上进行了训练与测试,该算法对车道分割准确、实时处理能力优秀,检测识别效果优于传统SegNet网络算法,其平均检测精度为 94.60%,每帧检测耗时提升53毫秒。     

基于多特征融合和窗口搜索的新型车道线检测算法

针对现有车道检测算法准确性和实时性较难平衡的问题,提出了一种基于多特征融合和窗口搜索的新型车道线检测算法.采用多边形填充方法确定车道线的感兴趣区域(region of interest, ROI),融合车道线的颜色、直方图和梯度特征,以消除ROI中的复杂背景.通过单应性变换得到车道线的二值图像,基于其像素密度分布寻找车道线初始位置,以窗口搜索方式提取整个车道线上的所有候选像素点.通过拟合像素点构建车道线数学模型.结果表明：提出的算法具有较高的准确性和实时性,算法对黄色车道线、树木阴影遮挡、光照变化、车道线缺损和地面交通标志干扰具有较好的鲁棒性.     

基于分数阶微分和Frangi的夜间车道线检测

基于机器视觉和图像处理的夜间车道线检测一直是该领域的研究难题,即使是近年的深度学习方法,检测精度只能达到50%左右.为此,研究了一种新的算法,根据车道线的特点和车辆的行驶速度,将视频中多幅图像融合到一幅图像中;利用图像的特点,在区域合并中识别出有效的车道线检测区域;将有效区域分割成新的图像后,采用基于Frangi和Hessian矩阵的算法对图像进行平滑和增强;为了提取车道线的特征点,提出了一种新的分数阶微分模板进行车道线特征点检测,该算法根据车道线在图像中可能的位置,从4个方向检测特征点;在检测出候选点后,应用递归Hough直线变换得到候选车道线,为了确定最终的车道线,一条车道线的角度应介于25°～65°之间,而另一条车道线的角度应介于115°～155°之间,否则,通过降低线点数的阈值继续进行Hough直线检测,直到获得两条车道线为止.通过对数百幅夜间车道线图像的测试,并与深度学习方法和传统的图像分割算法进行比较,新算法的检测准确率可达70%.     

基于分数阶微分Frangi的夜间车道线检测

基于机器视觉和图像处理的夜间车道线检测一直是该领域的研究难题,即使是近年的深度学习方法,检测精度只能达到50%左右.为此,研究了一种新的算法,根据车道线的特点和车辆的行驶速度,将视频中多幅图像融合到一幅图像中;利用图像的特点,在区域合并中识别出有效的车道线检测区域;将有效区域分割成新的图像后,采用基于Frangi和Hessian矩阵的算法对图像进行平滑和增强;为了提取车道线的特征点,提出了一种新的分数阶微分模板进行车道线特征点检测,该算法根据车道线在图像中可能的位置,从4个方向检测特征点;在检测出候选点后,应用递归Hough直线变换得到候选车道线,为了确定最终的车道线,一条车道线的角度应介于25°～65°之间,而另一条车道线的角度应介于115°～155°之间,否则,通过降低线点数的阈值继续进行Hough直线检测,直到获得两条车道线为止.通过对数百幅夜间车道线图像的测试,并与深度学习方法和传统的图像分割算法进行比较,新算法的检测准确率可达70%.     

基于改进的暗通道先验去雾辅助导航算法

经典的去雾算法无法满足车道线检测的实时性和准确性要求,因此提出一种改进暗通道与边缘检测融合的雾天车道线识别算法。首先对有雾图像进行对比度增强处理,突出边缘、颜色等有效信息,基于道路先验信息对图像进行感兴趣区域处理,利用暗通道先验算法对静态约束图像进行去雾操作,并通过双边滤波器细化透射率图,得到清晰的去雾图像;然后引入动态约束理念,提取车道线可能存在的区域,借助Sobel算子检测动态约束后的车道线区域,提取车道线边缘点;最后利用Hough变换进行准确的车道线拟合。实验表明,改进的去雾算法得到的图像清晰度与对比度更高,满足了车道线检测的准确性与实时性要求;去雾及车道线检测算法平均处理时间为297. 305 ms,满足无人驾驶时间要求。     

基于RC-DBSCAN的车道线检测研究

针对在复杂的工况下车道线检测的鲁棒性和实时性较差等问题,本文通过融合边缘检测与多颜色空间阈值分割结果,进行车道线特征点的提取.结合车道线在鸟瞰图中的位置特点,提出了基于DBSCAN二次聚类(Reclustering based on Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise,RC-DBSCAN)的特征点聚类算法.并以簇点是否进行二次聚类和Lab空间采样簇点的平均灰度值为依据,进行车道线线型和颜色的识别.使用最小二乘法对车道线进行拟合,通过基于可信区域的卡尔曼滤波算法对拟合后的车道线进行跟踪.最后在实际道路采集的视频与公开的数据集中进行了实验.实验表明,本文算法在复杂路况下对车道线检测的鲁棒性优于传统聚类算法,实时性能够满足实际需求;在结构化道路上,对车道线类型的识别也具有很高的准确率.     

触发式车辆实时检测新算法

提出了一种使用高速公路路面纹理特征来检测车旁超车车辆的实时算法.在由单摄像机获取的序列图像中,算法片先利用标志线信息在待检测车道上设置一个检测窗口,并对窗口内路面的纹理特征进行建模;然后利用帧间窗口内路面纹理的连续性信息和相邻车道路面的相似性信息,根据异常检测函数来触发检测,判断检测窗口内是否存在感兴趣区域;最后根据图像中消失点和标志线的信息来确认感兴趣区域内是否存在超车车辆.实验结果表明:此方法能够及时准确地检测出从本车侧后方出现的超车车辆,算法计算量低,满足系统的实时性要求,并具备较强的鲁棒性.     

基于动态区域规划的双模型车道线识别方法

为提高车道偏离预警以及前方车辆识别系统性能,提出一种基于动态区域规划的双模型结构化道路车道线检测方法。通过基于模板的腐蚀、膨胀处理改善了图像预处理效果。根据“微元”理论进行图像动态细化分区,对各区域局部独立识别,整体综合分析,最终利用直线和B-样条曲线双模型完成车道线拟合。 实车试验证明,直线/B-样条曲线双模型拟合,提高了算法对不同车道线的适应性。      

一种基于消失点和颜色过滤器的车道线检测算法

针对经典霍夫车道线检测方法实用性较差,无法准确区分车道线和路沿与应用道路场景简单等问题,提出 了一种基于消失点和颜色过滤器的车道线检测算法,不仅提高车道线检测的准确率,而且能够应用较复杂行车场 景;首先,对行车视频连续五帧图像进行预处理,获取行车环境下车道线消失点位置,能够自适应选取行车环境图 像的感兴趣区域(Region of Interest,ROI);然后,对 ROI 图像根据车道线颜色特征进行过滤得到二值图像,获取二 值图像中所有连通区域质心和倾斜角等数据,通过结合消失点特征和角度阈值进行限制,筛选记录符合车道线特 征连通区域的数据,接着分割较大区域获取更多质心点,识别漏检符合车道线特征的区域质心点;最后,对获取的 质心点使用最小二乘法进行拟合并标识车道线;实验结果表明:算法能够在多场景道路上快速准确的检测出车道线,与经典霍夫算法进行仿真比较,算法具有一定的鲁棒性和实时性。     

基于多通道融合和极线约束的道路检测与定位

计算机双目视觉道路检测及定位在实现无人运动平台自主导航中具有重要意义.根据双目摄像机系统模型,提出基于多通道阈值融合的车道线检测方法,融合车道线边缘和色彩信息进行图像阈值分割,采用透视变换和自适应动态滑窗法提取车道线像素,采用最小二乘法拟合道路模型并依据极线约束关系进行定位,投影至SLAM地图中.实验结果表明,算法在光照变化、阴影遮挡等场景中均能精确检测车道线,将车道线信息投影至三维地图可以有效地将车道信息与地图信息进行融合,提高了道路感知能力.      

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has