L.—Notes on Cecidomyidæ

Resumé

This paper is mostly concerned with records of mites new to the British Isles. Odd notes on the biology of some species previously recorded from these islands deal with various aspects of the general biology of the different species. The following species are described as new to science:—Parasitus hibernicus, Phaulodiaspis euris, Ettmulleria dipterorum, and Schwiebea boletophagi. The newly discovered male of Polyaspinus cylindricus Berl. is described fro the first time and its importance in the study of the comparative parative morphology of the Mesostigmata is discussed. The division of the genus Pergamasus by Hull in 1918 is treated in some detail and his subgenera, Plesiogamasus, Paragamasus are promoted to generic status. Some remarks are made on the generic divisions of the Hypoaspis complex of the Laelaptidae and two new genera of Dr. Hull, Chamolaelaps and Halbertia, are brought forward and the types of all the above genera of Dr. Hull designated. New records of Leptus porcinus Hull, 1918 are given and the species is figured in detail.     

Nouveaux Lamiaires du British Museum (Natural History), (Coleoptera,Cerambycidae)

Summary

Detailed examination of the cheliceral flagella of four British species (C. cimicoides, L. nodosus, A. dubius, and P. scorpioides) belonging to the family Chernetidae shows that the number of blades is stabilized by the protonymph. The morphology and pattern of growth of the blades are described, and the significance of the flagellum as a useful taxonomic character at the generic, if not specific level, is discussed.     

A taxonomic revision of the Oriental spittlebug genus Paphnutius Distant (Homoptera: Cercopidae)

The spittlebug genus Paphnutius is transferred from the Tomaspidini to the Considiini. The genus is revised and redescribed to contain nine species. A key to species is given and all species are redescribed and illustrated with their distributional data provided. One new species is described and one new generic synonymy, six new specific synonymies and four new combinations are established. Five lectotypes are newly designated. Paphnutius costimaculus Metcalf and Horton is considered as a species incertae sedis.     

The generic affiliation of Japanese species of the subfamily Psyllinae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) with a revised checklist

The generic affiliations of all the Japanese species of the psyllid subfamily Psyllinae are re-examined under the current generic recognition of the subfamily based mainly on adult morphological characters. Twenty-two species of the genus Psylla Geoffroy are newly combined with the genus Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson. Psylla wulinensis Yang and Aphalara akebiae Shinji are newly synonymized with Psylla multipunctata Miyatake and Cacopsylla hakonensis (Kuwayama), respectively. In addition, Cacopsylla toddaliae (Yang) is newly recorded from Japan. In all, 62 species of the Japanese Psyllinae are recognized and classified into three genera Psylla, Cacopsylla and Chamaepsylla Ossiannilsson, which include 11, 50 and one species, respectively. A key to Japanese psylline genera and a revised checklist of all the Japanese species of Psyllinae are presented with their distribution and host plant information and also with their synonymies.     

I.—Notes on the Natural History of East Finmark

Synopsis

A new species of Argyrophylax, parasitic on the Banana Scab-Moth Nacoleia octasema Meyrick, is described and the Oriental and Australasian species of this genus are reviewed; a key is given for their identification. Six species and a subspecies hitherto placed in other genera are here assigned to Argyrophylax, and seven new combinations are established; two specific names are newly placed in synonymy.     

The most primitive Scoliidae (Hymenoptera)

Summary

The subfamily Proscoliinae Rasnitsyn, 1977, (Scoliidae) was based on a single male from Armenia. Following discovery of a second species known from both sexes, the Proscoliinae and Scoliinae are redefined as subfamilies of Scoliidae, and keyed. The new species is described and figured; biological observations are given. The relationships of Scoliidae are discussed in the light of recent work. Taxonomic observations are made on the genera Colpa Dufour, 1841 (Scoliidae; Scoliinae) and Paramyzine Berg, 1898 (= Menius Buysson, 1898) (Tiphiidae; Anthoboscinae); new generic and specific synonymies are recorded.     

Notes on the Muscidae of New Guinea (Diptera)

Synopsis

The species of Muscidae described or subsequently recorded by Walker from New Guinea and adjacent islands are reviewed. Twenty-three species are treated: type-locations are stated, lectotypes designated where necessary, and generic assignments given. Two holotypes are considered lost, eight lectotypes are designated, and nine new combinations established.     

Hishimonus Ishihara, 1953 and Hishimonoides Ishihara, 1965 as synonyms of Cestius Distant, 1908 (Cicadellidae: Hemiptera)

Summary

A re-examination of Haplomunna Richardson (1908) reveals a close relationship between this genus and Munella Bonnier (1896), Abyssaranea Wilson &; Hessler (1974) and Thylakogaster ibid. As a consequence, a new family, Haplommunidae, is erected to contain these four genera. The systematic problems with this new grouping, its relation to the Dendrotionidae, and some peculiarities of its members are discussed. A key and the geographical ranges of the four genera are included. A generic diagnosis for Haplomunna is given, and H. caeca (Richardson, 1905) and H. hubbsi, sp. nov. are described.     

LXXXI.—Notes on the classification of the African monkeys in the genus Cercopithecus,erxleben

Summary

The Ethiopian species of the genus Agrypon Foerster (Anomaloninae) are revised and a key is given to the eight species. Four species, A. zebrinum, A. omum, A. seyrigi and A. hancocki, are described as new and three new synonymies are proposed. A. leucostomum (Cameron) is newly transferred to Agrypon. Notes on the phylogeny of the species are included.     

XXIII.—Descriptions and records of bees.—CLXVII

Summary

A key is provided to the known genera of Hypoderid mites living subcutaneously in the hypopial stage in birds. Recent knowledge is summarized of this family of mites, known earlier under the generic names Falculifer and ‘Hypodectes’. Ibisidectes debilis gen. &; sp. nov. is described in the hypopial stage, found, with Neottialges eudocimae Pence, in the perimuscular fascial sheath and pectoral muscles of the scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber L.).     

Decapod Crustacea from the International Indian Ocean Expedition (Larval and post-larval stages of Parapenaeus Smith (Penaeinae)

Summary

Developmental stages of Parapenaeus investigatoris Alcock and Anderson from second protozoea to late post-larva and an incomplete series of P. longipes Alcock and P. fissurus (Bate) are described and figured. Important generic characters of the larvae of Parpaenaeus are two pairs of supra-orbital spines in the protozoeae, a strong hepatic spine, a long dorsomedian spine on the third abdominal segment, ventromedian spines on the anterior abdominal segments and sometimes on the last thoracic segment, a pair of dorsolateral spines on the fifth and sixth abdominal segments and a median spine on the telson.

The species recorded are widely distributed in the northern Indian Ocean, particularly in the Bay of Bengal, but only two specimens were taken south of the Equator and few in the more open parts of the ocean.     

New species of Orasema (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) from Central and South America

ABSTRACT

Six new species of Orasema are described. Four species are placed into a newly recognised lasallei species group: Orasema lasallei sp. nov. (Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua), O. janzeni sp. nov. (Costa Rica), O. peckorum sp. nov. (Brazil) and O. vasquezi sp. nov. (Colombia). One species is placed in the wayqecha group, Orasema masneri sp. nov. (Ecuador). One other species is currently unplaced to species group, O. longinoi sp. nov. (Costa Rica). Orasema lasallei was taken from a nest of Pheidole vorax (Fabr.) and an undescribed species near O. longinoi from a nest of Pheidole dossena Wilson (Myrmicinae). The morphology of the digitate labrum is discussed with respect to other Eucharitidae.     

Australian thrips of the Haplothrips lineage (Insecta: Thysanoptera)

Keys are presented to the 11 genera and 50 species, including 21 new species, of Thysanoptera in Australia that are related to the worldwide genus Haplothrips Amyot and Serville. These taxa belong to what, in recent literature, has been called the “Haplothrips‐lineage”, that is, one of the three major radiations among the 2700 species and 350 genera of Thysanoptera Phlaeothripinae. The group is redefined, and the available tribal name Haplothripini shown to be appropriate. The character states on which the definition is based are discussed, and a list given of the 34 genera worldwide that can be included. The Australian species in these genera exhibit a diversity of biologies. Three genera involve species that invade galls induced by other thrips: Androthrips monsterae (Moulton) from New Guinea is newly recorded from Australia; Mesothrips jordani Zimmermann from South‐East Asia is newly recorded from Australia, with two new synonyms; the Asia‐Pacific genus, Euoplothrips Hood, includes two species in northern Australia. Three haplothripine genera are associated with grasses: one widespread genus, Apterygothrips Priesner, considered polyphyletic, includes only one Australian species; the only known species of Dyothrips Kudo is Oriental but extends into tropical Australia; Podothrips Hood, a circum‐tropical genus of thrips predatory on grass‐living coccoids, has 11 Australian species, six newly described. One grass‐associated genus, Bamboosiella Ananthakrishnan, is excluded from the Haplothripini. An Oriental genus of leaf‐ and flower‐living species, Dolichothrips Karny, includes one species in northern Australia, D. reuteri (Karny); Membrothrips Bhatti in which this species has been placed is considered a synonym. Karnyothrips Watson includes two species introduced to Australia, both predators of coccoids. Priesneria Bagnall includes three species from Australia, of which one fungus‐feeding species is newly described. Xylaplothrips Priesner is a widespread but ill‐defined, polyphyletic genus that currently includes three little‐known Australian species. Haplothrips is the main focus of this study, and character state variation among the Australian species is discussed. In total 24 species of Haplothrips from Australia are recognised, 14 being new species. Also included are the following, one new generic synonym, four new species synonyms, and one new combination. The 250 species worldwide in the genus are usually associated with the flowers of Asteraceae and Poaceae. In Australia, several of the species are specific to flowers, particularly of Poaceae and Cyperaceae but not Asteraceae. Almost half of these Australian species are presumed to be predatory on other small arthropods, and two have unusual host associations—with salt marsh Chenopodiaceae, and with the sori of Dicksonia tree ferns.     

Further studies on the systematics of Australian Diplurinae (Chelicerata: Mygalomorphae: Dipluridae): Two new genera from south western Australia

Summary

The current status of Australian diplurine genera is presented. The following genera are recognized here: Aname Koch, Chenistonia Hogg, Ixamatus Simon, Kiama Main and Mascord, Stanwellia Rainbow and Pulleine, Teyl Main, Troglodiplura Main and Xamiatus Raven. Aparua Todd from New Zealand is newly synonymized with Stanwellia Rainbow and Puleine. Two new genera, Kwonkan and Merredinia and six new species are described: Kwonkan anatolion, eboracum, goongarriensis, moriartii and silvestre and Merredinia damsonoides. Dekana wonganensis Main is designated as the type species of Kwonkan. The tribe Anamini Simon is rediagnosed and Anamini Raven newly synonymized with it. Aname, Chenistonia and the two new genera are attributed to the Anamini.     

Rediscovery of the Hawaiian endemic bark beetle Xyleborus pleiades Samuleson, 1981 on Moloka‘i,with records of three new exotic bark beetles for the island (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini)

ABSTRACT

During the course of a targeted bark beetle survey of the Hawaiian Islands, insect sampling undertaken in native forest biotopes on Moloka‘i island revealed the presence of one native and three exotic species of xyleborine bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) hitherto not recorded from the island. We present detailed new island records for these species, which include the second record of Xyleborus pleiades Samuelson, 1981, an endemic Hawaiian species not recorded in over 50 years, and previously known only from two specimens from the island of Maui. The three newly recorded introduced species are widespread pantropical beetles of actual or potential pest status: Xyleborus affinis Eichhoff, 1867, Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg, 1837), and Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky, 1866). The importance of the records is briefly discussed, and all newly recorded species are illustrated in colour photographs.     

First record of the genus Tanaostigma (Hymenoptera,Chalcidoidea, Tanaostigmatidae) from the Afrotropical region with description of three new species

ABSTRACT

The genus Tanaostigma is newly recorded from the Afrotropical region and three new species are described: Tanaostigma lasallei van Noort sp. nov. (South Africa), Tanaostigma mulu van Noort sp. nov. (Kenya) and Tanaostigma ukumbusho van Noort sp. nov. (Kenya). We provide comprehensive images of the holotypes and an illustrated identification key to the African species. New country distribution records are provided for Tanaostigmodes tambotis Prinsloo & LaSalle, 1995. All images presented here as well as supplementary images and online keys are available on www.waspweb.org

www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:61D1A59D-3702-480A-B146-73067C29CD82     

A revision of the European species of Baeoneurella Dodd (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

ABSTRACT

The genus Baeoneurella Dodd, is resurrected, and Eumicrosoma Gahan, is treated as a junior synonym. A comparison between Baeoneurella and Telenomus Haliday, with emphasis on the T. floridanus group, is made to evaluate the generic limits of Baeoneurella, and synapomorphies for this genus are presented. The European species of Baeoneurella, including a new species, B. maceki Popovici, Masner and Polaszek, are described and illustrated, with new data concerning their distribution and habitats. Keys to the European species of this genus for females and for males are provided.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3F3ECAB2-FBF9-40BB-8447-06CEF1073038     

LIV.—The dentary of Tritylodon and the systematic position of the Tritylodontidæ

Summary

Among newly discovered rich skeletal material of Tritylodon the hitherto unknown lower dentition has been found. The lower jaw of Tritylodon is a compound bone. The dentary is described in detail. Tritylodon is shown to be a reptile in spite of its numerous mammalian osteological characters, and especially in spite of its upper and lower cheek-teeth, which have distinctly divided roots.     

Morphological and molecular separation between Macrocamptoptera grangeri Soyka and M. metotarsa (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae)

ABSTRACT

Based on morphological and molecular evidence, the European fairyfly Herulia sundholmi Hedqvist syn. n. (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) is removed from previous synonymy with the Nearctic Macrocamptoptera metotarsa (Girault), and synonymised with the Palaearctic M. grangeri Soyka, which is newly recorded from Georgia, Slovakia and Spain. Macrocamptoptera bulagarica (Donev) syn. n., known from Bulgaria and Italy, is also synonymised with M. grangeri. An updated key to females of the three currently recognised species of the rarely collected genus Macrocamptoptera Girault is given.