Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella,with a redescription of the type species

This investigation focuses on the diversity and taxonomy of species of Microporella found north of the Arctic Circle. Firstly, however, a neotype is chosen for the Mediterranean type species M. ciliata (Pallas) in order to stabilize the taxonomy of this “pseudocosmopolitan” species, which has been recorded in the past from the Arctic. Study of type and other material using scanning electron microscopy shows that only two Arctic species of Microporella can be recognized, M. arctica Norman and M. klugei sp. nov. The first of these is characterized by a large ascopore divided by thin radial septa and situated close to the proximal rim of the orifice. Microporella klugei sp. nov. differs in having a smaller, undivided ascopore situated in a more proximal position on the frontal shield. Both Arctic species are notable among Microporella species for having a high proportion of autozooids without associated avicularia.     

Descriptions of the Patagonian species of the subgenus Trichohelea of Forcipomyia,with a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

The following two new species of Forcipomyia (Trichohelea) collected in the Nothofagus patagonian forest are described and illustrated: F. (T.) sayhuequei from the province of Chubut in Argentina and Llanquihue in Chile, and F. (T.) tehuelche from the Argentinean province of Santa Cruz. Based on the examination of the types, the previously known species Lasiohelea shannoni Ingram and Macfie is recognized as a junior synonym of Forcipomyia limnetis Ingram and Macfie, and the species is redescribed and illustrated. A key to recognition of females and males of the 14 Neotropical species of the subgenus is included.     

Three new species of octothecate pheretimoid earthworms from Taiwan,with discussion on the biogeography of related species

Three new species of octothecate Metaphire pheretimoid earthworms are described from Taiwan. They have close phylogenetic relationships with five described species, Metaphire paiwanna, Metaphire bununa, Metaphire riukiuensis, Metaphire taiwanensis, and Amynthas formosae. These eight species are all octothecate. They have similar body size, colour, prostate glands and caeca, and the seven species belonging to the genus Metaphire have C‐shaped male pores. Excluding M. riukiuensis, which has been found only in the Ryukyu Islands, the other seven species are endemic species in Taiwan. Each of them has a distinct geographical distribution. Accordingly, we inferred that the ancestor of these eight species, including M. riukiuensis, came to Taiwan from the continent of East Asia during the Pleistocene. A few of their descendants went northward to the Ryukyu Islands and were isolated. The others remained in Taiwan, dispersed, and were isolated by geographical barriers such as mountains and rivers. Subsequent allopatric speciation events in Taiwan and in the Ryukyu Islands then generated these eight species.     

Distribution of bisexual and unisexual species in the aphid genus Colopha Monell (Aphididae: Eriosomatinae), with the description of a new species in Japan

Aphids of the genus Colopha are represented by three bisexual and three unisexual species. The bisexual species are associated with two Ulmus species that are most closely related, being distributed disjunctively in Europe and eastern North America on the host plants. A new unisexual species of Colopha, collected from Setaria chondrachne (Poaceae) in Japan, is described under the name Colopha setaricola sp. nov. The distribution of the three unisexual species is discussed in relation to aphid‐plant associations and historical changes in the distribution of the host plants. It is suggested that these unisexual species have persisted on the secondary hosts through parthenogenetic reproduction since the extinction of the primary host plants, Ulmus species section Blepharocarpus. Therefore, the unisexual species in Colopha exemplify Mordvilko's hypothesis that unisexual species on the secondary host plants have remained as relics in the region where the primary host was once distributed but then became extinct.     

A new species of the genus Gorgodera (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae), from two species of Anura from the Eastern Pyrenees

Summary

A bladder fluke from two species of Anura, Rana temporaria temporaria L. and Bufo bufo bufo L., is described and erected as a new species under the name Gorgodera euzeti sp. nov.     

Four new species of Platycephala with a key to the Chinese species (Diptera,Chloropidae)

The following four new species of the genus Platycephala from China are described: Platycephala apicinigra sp. nov., P. brevifemura sp. nov., P. lateralis sp. nov. and P. nanlingensis sp. nov. An updated key to the species of the genus Platycephala from China is presented.     

A remarkable new species of the genus Lepisiota Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Oman and the United Arab Emirates with a key to the Arabian species

Lepisiota omanensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on the worker caste collected in Jebel Qahwan Oman, and Ain Al Waal, United Arab Emirates. The new species belongs to the L. gracilicornis group and is separated easily from all Arabian Lepisiota species, and other species in the gracilicornis group, by the exceptionally long, acute and strongly curved propodeal spines. Lepisiota elegantissima Collingwood & van Harten is recorded for the first time from Oman. Lepisiota simplex (Forel) stat rev. is recognised at species rank. Ecological and biological observations are provided. A revised key to the Arabian species of Lepisiota is given. A checklist of the Arabian Lepisiota species is presented.     

Revision of the type species of Metroperiella (Bryozoa,Cheilostomatida), with the description of two new species

We here fix the types of Schizoporella lepralioides Calvet in Jullien and Calvet, type species of the genus Metroperiella Canu & Bassler, and redescribe the species based on scanning electron microscope examination. Metroperiella populations from the Mediterranean Sea, which have hitherto been regarded as conspecific with Metroperiella lepralioides, are introduced as a new species, Metroperiella mesogeia sp. nov. Accordingly, the geographic distribution of M. lepralioides is restricted to its type locality, the Azores Archipelago (central North Atlantic). Another species, Metroperiella porellidesia sp. nov., which occurs sympatrically with M. lepralioides, is also newly described.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:523EA5DE-B023-48ED-8D85-37CAF5475164     

The African species of Zaglyptogastra (Hymenoptera) with a checklist of world species

An illustrated key is provided to the African species of the braconine wasp genus (Zaglyptogastra Ashmead. Four new species are described: Z. afenestrata sp. nov. from Ruanda, Z. levisulcata sp. nov. from Uganda, Z. tenuicauda sp. nov. from Angola, Congo and Zaire, and Z. virgulivena sp. nov. from Zaire. A replacement name, Z. caudatula nom. nov. is proposed for Calliidia caudata Szépligeti, 1914b. Six new synonymies are proposed: Zaglyptogastra basalis (Szépligeti; 1914) (= Z. equitator (Wiedemann, 1824)); Z. leucogaster (Cameron, 1909a) (= Z. nigripennis (Szépligeti, 1908)); Z. stanleyi (Cameron, 1912), Z. maxima (Szépligeti, 1914b), Z. eleganta (Shenefelt, 1978) and Z. tomentosa (Fahringer, 1931) (= Z. tincticanaliculata (Cameron, 1912)). Notes are provided on the African species and species groups. A checklist of world species is given.     

North Pacific species of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae,with description of one new species and redescription of another

The genera and species of the family Stegocephalidae Dana, 1852 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) of the North Pacific, including the Bering Sea, are surveyed, and a key to the species is presented. One new species, Stegocephalus beringi n. sp., is described, and Stegocephalopsis ampulla (Phipps, 1774) is redescribed; S. vegae Oldevig, 1959 is synonymized with S. ampulla. Comments are given on the morphology of three additional species.     

Morphometrical characterization of the Austropotamobius pallipes species complex

Genetic studies have shown that the threatened crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes species complex is composed of two lineages (A. italicus and A. pallipes), both occurring in Italy. However, the issue surrounding their taxonomic status has not yet been solved even though the confused taxonomy may hamper attempts to conserve indigenous crayfish. The aim of this study was to develop methods for the morphometrical characterization of the A. pallipes species complex. Having analysed 18 morphometric variables on a total of 44 specimens of each lineage, we showed that the tip of the rostrum could be used to discriminate A. italicus and A. pallipes. Such discrimination was also obtained by analysing the size and shape of both the female spermatophoric plate and the male gonopods. These results confirm the potential to adopt morphometric studies to complement the genetic characterization of cryptic species.     

Revision of the American Pupisoma species (Gastropoda: Pupilloidea)

The American species of Pupisoma Stoliczka (Gastropoda: Pupilloidea) are revised. Five species are recognized. Pupisoma puella Hylton Scott has been synonymized with P. dioscoricola (C. B. Adams). This species occurs from southern USA through the Caribbean and Central America to the Galapagos Islands and to southern Brazil and northern Argentina. Pupisoma galapagorum Pilsbry, P. bailyi Pilsbry, and P. latens Hylton Scott have been synonymized with P. comicolense H. B. Baker. This species is distributed from Mexico to the Galapagos Islands, southern Brazil, and northern Argentina. Pupisoma costulata sp. n. from Andean forests in Colombia is described as new. The range of P. macneilli (Clapp) extends from southern USA through the Caribbean and Central America to southern Brazil and northern Argentina. A neotype has been designated for P. mediamericanum Pilsbry. Pupisoma michoacanense Pilsbry is a synonym of this species. This species occurs from Mexico to Colombia and on Jamaica.     

Nephtyidae (Polychaeta: Phyllodocida) of Australia: new species from the North West Shelf,and a key to Australian species

Five species of Nephtyidae new to Australia are described from the North West Shelf, and a key to the 18 known species of Australian nephtyids is given. Four of the species described are new: three species of Aglaophamus (A. foliocirrata sp. nov., A. hedlandensis sp. nov. and A. victoriae sp. nov.) and a new species of Inermonephtys (I. tetrophthalmos sp. nov.). Difficulties in the clear definition of Aglaophamus, Micronephthys and Nephtys indicate the need for systematic revision of the family.     

The species of the parasitic bee genus Osirinus (Hymenoptera,Apidae)

The species in the genus Osirinus Roig-Alsina are revised. Seven species are recognized, including O. ruficrus, new species, from south-eastern Brazil and O. tarsalis, new species, from western Brazil and Peru. Osiris parvicollis Ducke and O. santiagoi Almeida are transferred for the first time to Osirinus. An identification key based mainly on females is provided.     

A revision of the Caridina serrata species group,with descriptions of five new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae)

The taxonomy of the Caridina serrata species group (Caridea: Atyidae) is revised. Neotypes of C. serrata Stimpson, 1860, and C. cantonensis Yu, 1938, are designated. Additional information on Caridina sphyrapoda Liang and Zhou, 1993 is provided. Five new species of the Caridina serrata species group are described, namely Caridina nanaoensis from Guangdong Province, C. apodosis from Hong Kong, and C. yulinica, C. wumingensis and C. mutata from Guangxi Province, all in southern China. A key to all members of the species group is included.     

Revision of the Palaearctic species of the genus Clinocentrus (Hymenoptera,Braconidae)

Revision of the Palaearctic species of the genus Clinocentrus Haliday is given. The composition and geographic distribution of the genus Clinocentrus and the probable generic position of fossil species described by Brues (1933) as Clinocentrus are discussed. The systematic position of this genus in Exothecinae is also discussed and arguments presented to support the differentiation of exothecines and rogadines. Nine species of Clinocentrus are figured and re-described. Three new species and two new subspecies are figured and described: C. kalmyk from Kalmykia, C. kozlovi from Mongolia, C. rhysipoloides from Primorsk Territory of Russia, C. umbratilis ssp. disruptus from Taiwan and C. vestigator ssp. orientalis from Primorsk Territory of Russia. C. stigmaticus Marshall, 1897 and C. jaroshevskyi Telenga, 1941 are synonymized with C. vestigator (Haliday, 1836); C. tarsalis Ashmead, 1894—with C. exsertor (Nees, 1812) and C. gracilipes (Thomson, 1891)—with C. cunctator (Haliday, 1836), Lectotypes of Exothecus analis Wesmael, 1838 and C. antefurcalis Granger, 1949 are designated. The new combination is given: Rhysipolis antefurcalis (Granger). A key to 12 Palaearctic species of Clinocentrus is given.     

Key to the Holarctic species of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearctic and Palaearctic (other than European) species and descriptions of new taxa

The Holarctic species of the genus Anagrus Haliday are keyed. The Palaearctic species, other than the European ones revised earlier by Chiappini (1989), and 10 out of 11 valid species described from the Nearctic region are reviewed, based on a study of their type material. Two new species, A. rilensis Donev sp. n. and A. longitibialis Donev sp. n., are described from Bulgaria. A new specific synonymy is proposed: A. giraulti Crawford, 1913 with A. nigriventris Girault, 1911 (described as A. armatus var. nigriventris). New replacement name: A. oregonensis S. Triapitsyn nom. n. pro A. nigriceps Girault, 1915 (A. armatus var. nigriceps) nec Smits van Burgst, 1914. A. spiritus Girault, 1911 and A. columbi Perkins, 1905 are reinstated as valid species. A checklist of 68 presently recognized species of Anagrus is given in accordance with their distribution in different biogeographic regions.