The Exponential Stabilization of Uncertain Chained Form Systems of Mobile Robots Based on Visual Servoing

A system for a type of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots equipped with an uncalibrated camera fixed to the ceiling is investigated. Based on the visual feedback and the state-input transformation, models of uncertain chained form systems are presented for the robot-camera systems. Then, new smooth time-varying feedback controllers are proposed to exponentially stabilize the uncertain chained system by using state-scaling and control theories for two cases. The exponential stabilities of the closed-loop uncertain systems are rigorously proved. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.     

一类非完整系统的有限时间镇定控制

针对一类可化为链式标准型的非完整系统的有限时间镇定问题,提出了一种基于切换控制策略的有限时间镇定控制器,并给出了控制器参数的选择条件。该控制器利用切换控制的思想,根据系统的状态变化,通过有限次切换,可使得非完整链式系统各状态在有限时间内从任意的非平衡位置收敛至平衡位置。最后给出了应用该控制器控制非完整链式系统的具体形式,通过仿真实验验证了所设计的有限时间镇定控制器的有效性。     

机器人/视觉系统非标定的平面运动跟踪

研究机器人与未标定关系的视觉传感系统之间的协调控制策略,其中目标运动及机器人跟踪运动均限定在二维工作平面。摄像机固定在工作区域中,它与机器人坐标系和工作平面之间的关系未知。机器人运动由摄像机观察到的上一控制周期中规划的手运动及目标当前位置决定,机器人与视觉系统之间的协调与它们两者之间的标定关系无关。文末的仿真显示了这一方法的有效性。     

在线估计雅可比矩阵的视觉伺服控制算法

机器人视觉伺服系统是机器人研究领域的一个重要研究方向。以图像为基础的视觉伺服机器人模型中,有许多的不确定性,如机器人动力学模型,运动学模型,摄像机系统以及雅可比矩阵等。多数的视觉伺服系统往往只考虑某一、两个部分,而其它的不确定性依然影响定位目标的精度。在使用了神经网络的控制器中加入卡尔曼滤波,在摄像机与机器人坐标系无标定的情况下,对雅可比矩阵进行实时在线估计,从而提高了视觉伺服系统的精确性。仿真验证了本算法的可行性和有效性。

Abstract：

Robotic visual servo system is an important subject in the field of robots.Image-based visual servo model has a lot of uncertainties,for example,robot dynamics model,robot kinematics model,camera system and Jacobian matrix and so on.Most of visual servo methods always considered one or two aspects,but other uncertainties still affected the accuracy of tracking the target for the robot.Based on the traditional controller with neural network,a new control algorithm was provided in the uncalibrated camera and coordination systems with the Kalman filter that estimated Jacobian matrix on-line,thereby improving the accuracy of the system.Simulation result shows the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm.     

Robust Feedback Controller for Exponential Stability of Nonlinear Systems with Mismatched Uncertainties

The robust stabilization of nonlinear systems with mismatched uncertainties is investigated. Based on the stability of the nominal system, a new approach to synthesizing a class of continuous state feedback controllers for uncertain nonlinear dynamical systems is proposed. By such feedback controllers, the exponential stability of uncertain nonlinear dynamical systems can be guaranteed. The approach can give a clear insight to system analysis. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the utilization of the approach developed. Simulation results show that the method presented is practical and effective.     

时延通信网络的新型指数稳定跟踪控制器设计

针对一个具有单瓶颈和多用户的高速通信网络,提出了一个新的指数稳定跟踪控制器的设计方法。将闭环数据率控制系统描述为一个连续时间时变时滞系统,基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)技术和Lyapunov方法给出了闭环系统时滞依赖的指数稳定充分条件。导出了状态反馈控制器的设计方法,使得实际网络带宽分配率和实际队列长度在该控制器的作用下分别以指数速度跟踪上给定的参考值,从而有效降低了数据包丢失率,提高了网络利用率。通过在闭环系统指数稳定条件的导出过程中引入自由变量的方法使得得到的时滞依赖条件具有更小的保守性,并且闭环系统具有更快的指数稳定跟踪速度。仿真算例验证了本文方法的有效性和优越性.     

Output-feedback control for nonholonomic systems with linear growth condition

This paper deals with the stabilization of the nonholonomic systems with strongly nonlinear uncertainties. The objective is to design an output feedback law such that the closed-loop system is globally asymptotically regulated at the origin. The systematic strategy combines the input-state scaling technique with the backstepping technique. A novel switching control strategy based on the output measurement of the first subsystem is employed to make the subsystem far away from the origin. The simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

欠驱动VTOL空间飞行器系统的非线性跟踪控制

研究了欠驱动VTOL(垂直上升和垂直着陆)空间飞行器在各种输入耦合时的非线性跟踪控制问题。VTOL空间飞行器是具有三个自由度,两个控制输入的欠驱动系统。首先,通过控制输入和坐标变换,系统的动力学方程被变换成二阶链式形式。其次,利用后推法(backstepping)的思想推导出保证系统渐近收敛于给定轨迹的时变反馈控制规律。该方法将系统分解为低阶子系统来处理,利用中间虚拟控制变量和部分Lyapunov函数简化了控制器的设计。仿真结果证明了所设计控制器的有效性。     

Planar Motion Tracking with an Uncalibrated Robot/Vision System

1.INTSODUCTIONtraditionallythemodelofarobothand/eyecoordinationsystemmustbeestimatedanddeterminedinadvanceforsystemcolltrol.Thisformsthetaskofsystemcalibration.Asystemcalibrationissomewhatthecombinationoftheoreticalresearchandengineeringrealization.Theaccuracyofasystemmodelismorelikelydependentonthetechniqueofengineeringrealizationthantheresearchesontheoreticalmethod.Realizationofthecalibrationmethodisthebottleneckfortheaccuracyofresultantmodelapproachingitstheoreticalvalue.Thisisthemainr…     

Global stabilization of linear systems with bounded controls using state-dependent saturation functions

By using the so-called SP-stable polynomials, this paper reconsiders the problem of global stabilization of linear systems with input saturation. Firstly, a new nonlinear feedback law consisting of parallel connections of saturation functions by means of the so-called state-dependent saturation function is proposed for global stabilization of chains of integrators system. The state-dependent saturation function allows increasing the control energy when some of the states are badly scaled and can improve significantly the transient performances of the closed-loop system. Secondly, this type of global stabilization nonlinear feedback laws is extended to a class of linear systems that can be globally stabilized by bounded controls. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Boundary Control of Coupled Wave Systems with Spatially-Varying Coefficients

This paper considers the stabilization of the coupled wave systems with spatially-varying coefficients. The authors design a state feedback controller by backstepping method. In contrast to the previous work in the literature, the kernel equations become more complicated and the main difficulty lies in proving the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the kernel equations. Firstly, using the backstepping approach, the authors verify the kernel equations, which is a system of coupled hyperbolic equations with spatially-varying coefficients. Then, the existence and uniqueness of the kernel matrices is obtained. Finally, the authors use a Lyapunov function to get the exponential stabilization of the closed-loop system. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

     

基于摄像机运动的简单虚拟场景生成

利用摄像机标定技术和视频融合技术设计了一个基于摄像机运动的简单虚拟场景生成系统。首先对摄像机进行标定，然后利用摄像机的运动参数根据摄像机成像模型计算出3-D实景中特定的位置在2-D视频图像上的映射，最后利用映射结果对虚拟景物进行透视变换，并把它实时融合到视频图像特定位置中形成新的视觉效果，实现了一种类似于虚拟演播室的简单、有效、实用的视频制作新方法。实验表明该方法实时性好、生成的虚拟场景效果逼真。     

海事执法船视频稳像与目标跟踪的仿真研究

根据海事执法船舶的新需求，提出了一种将视频稳像与跟踪有机结合的新方法：利用小波变换对海天线进行辨识、提取；再以海天线为参照，通过图像几何变换和云台反馈实现视频的双重补偿稳像；同时，利用截断中心点与全局坐标的位置关系，通过Kalman滤波器对截断中心点进行估计，实现对目标的截断跟踪。该方法不同于已有的稳像、跟踪方法，它充分地利用了海天线的运动参数，在解决输出稳定视频信号的同时实现了对目标的自动锁定跟踪。     

基于SIFT特征匹配的实时鲁棒视频去抖动系统

面向视频去抖动领域,提出了一个实时系统。在有效地利用尺度不变特征转换算法的鲁棒特征提取特性和随机采样一致算法的鲁棒拟合特性的基础上,所提系统可以根据运动参数的变化剧烈程度,自动调整低通滤波器的尺寸来确定抖动参数以实现图像补偿,从而有效地避免了过稳和欠稳现象;所提系统将丰富的视频参考信息与图像纹理合成算法结合起来,有效地提高了输出视频的稳定性和完整性。客观实验结果表明,该系统在峰值信噪比和耗时方面具有较好的综合优势。主观实验结果表明,所提系统在消除抖动视频中让人不舒适感方面具有较好的优越性。     

高阶随机非线性系统状态反馈镇定

针对一类高阶下三角随机非线性系统,提出一种新的镇定方案,采用增加一个幂积分的工具构建了一个全局稳定的光滑状态反馈控制律。通过反馈占有设计方法和Young不等式处理随机系统的非线性项,取消了对随机非线性系统反馈线性化和控制输入呈线性的要求,基于Lyapunov方法,证明了闭环系统依概率全局渐近稳定。最后,仿真实例说明了算法的可行性。     

Robust Stabilization of Non-minimum Phase Switched Nonlinear Systems with Uncertainty

This paper investigates the problem of robust stabilization of a class of switched nonlinear system with uncertain dynamics where each subsystem represents a non-minimum phase. The authors first construct a stabilizing sliding mode controller for each subsystem to stabilize individually its own unstable internal dynamics. Then, a switching strategy is introduced to select the most appropriate diffeomorphism through an infinity of diffeomorphisms. Sufficient conditions are specifically given for the exponential stability and the exponential upper bound of the trajectory of the switched subsystem,which guarantees the global asymptotical stability of the resulting switched system. Obviously, the proposed control approach can improvemore the transient state, compared to a feedback linearization based on only one diffeomorphism. Simulation studies illustrate the effectiveness of the suggested approach.     

STABILIZATION OF NONUNIFORM TIMOSHENKOBEAM WITH COUPLED LOCALLY DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACKS

The stabilization problem of a nonuniform Timoshenko beam system With coupled locally distributed feedback controls is studied. First, by proving the uniqueness of the solution to the related ordinary differential equations, we establish the asymptotic decay of the energy corresponding to the closed loop system. Then, by virtue of piecewise multiplier method, we prove the exponential decay of the closed loop system.     

一类不确定离散切换广义系统的一致有限时间稳定准则

利用Lyapunov like函数方法和线性矩阵不等式（linear matrix inequality, LMI）技术研究了一类不确定离散时间切换广义系统的一致有限时间稳定和状态反馈镇定问题。首先,在任意给定的切换规则且假定不确定参数项范数有界的情况下,给出了保证不确定离散切换广义系统一致有限时间有界和有限时间稳定的充分条件和状态反馈控制器的设计方法,然后利用Matlab中的LMI工具箱对建立的LMI问题进行求解。最后的仿真算例验证了所提方法的有效性。     

滞后随机大系统的分散指数镇定设计

针对一类It^o型滞后随机大系统 ,利用随机系统稳定性理论、采用随机分析与Lyapunov泛函方法 ,得到了新的状态反馈分散指数镇定判据 ,给出了相应的状态反馈分散控制方案。将提出的方法应用到局部观测器的设计中 ,得到相应的分散镇定判据。用算例和仿真实现了的设计方法 ,并验证了该方法的有效性