黑龙江东部网区域稳定控制系统的研究与开发

介绍黑龙江省东部电网区域稳定控制系统的主要技术。该系统由５个分站组成，在故障情况下采取切机措施以提高黑龙江省东部电网的稳定水平，利用微波通信实现实时数据通信和控制命令的传送，使用可灵活配置的监控软件完成各子站的监测任务并实现各子站的控制策略，并基于全球卫星定位系统（ＧＰＳ）提供的高精度时钟实现了对不同地点电压相量的同步测量。同时本文还介绍了系统中采用的综合故障判相方法和ΔＰ积分稳定控制对策等先进技术     

Pterosaurs as part of a spinosaur diet

A remarkable specimen has been discovered of an Early Cretaceous pterosaur that has a tooth embedded in one of its cervical vertebrae: the tooth has been identified as one from a spinosaurid theropod dinosaur. This fossil is direct evidence that spinosaurs included items other than fish in their diet.     

基于UG二次开发的参数化零件族系统

文章综合分析了基于特征的参数化建模的理论和方法,运用UG提供的二次开发工具包UG/Open和VC 的MFC AppWizard建立工程,实现了零件族管理系统,对零件族零件进行查询、打开和添加。结果表明,该系统省却了用户对零件族的手动操作,提高零件的设计效率,同时也是一种建立零件库、管理和使用零件库的方法。     

蒙古语词性标注系统的设计

介绍了蒙古语词性标注系统的设计思想、实现方法及标注系统的主要功能.该系统采用基于规则和统计相结合的方法对蒙古语句子进行分类,并对已分类的句子进行词性自动标注.     

圆锥形件智能拉深实验系统的研究

采用美国NI公司开发的LabVIEW虚拟仪器软件，及6062E卡、调理模块等配套的数据采集产品，建立了便携式信号采集系统。该系统具有集成化程度较高、软件控制能力强、信号采集速度快及抗干扰能力强等优点。在建立便携式数据采集系统过程中，介绍了虚拟仪器系统的结构、原理及相应的软硬件配置。最后，在该系统平台上开发了锥形件智能拉深控制系统。     

电力系统及其自动化专业实验课教改探索

面对高科技与知识经济发展对高等理工科实验教学提出的挑战及普通高校专业实验课程教学中普遍存在的对实验教学重视不足、实验数量少、创新能力差等问题,对电力系统及其自动化专业实验课进行了部分改革,就此进行了探索.     

一级泵变流量空调系统部分负荷下循环水泵运行工况分析

围绕空调系统循环水泵在部分负荷下运行常见故障,将空调系统负荷变化分为负荷渐变和负荷突变2种情况,对一级泵变流量系统循环水泵运行工作点的变化进行了分析,结果是在负荷渐变情况下,只要水泵选型合理,不会出现循环水泵运转异常;在负荷突变情况下,循环水泵过载或不能启动的原因是由于系统阻力特性系数变化与水泵设计扬程下联合运转工作点对应的阻力特性系数不匹配,造成水泵实际工作点发生偏移,超出水泵的合理工作范围引起的.并提出了为保证部分负荷下水泵正常运转,对系统设计和水泵选型的要求.图3,表1,参6.     

基于ObjectARX 2000的机械零件CAD系统开发

摘要：在AutoCAD 2000开发平台上，以VC 6．0的MFC集合ObjectARX 2000为开发工具，采用ObjectARX环境下ADO开发数据库技术，利用ActiveX Automation技术实现ARX应用程序自动加载，结合参数化绘图技术，建立工程应用程序的基本框架；并以轴零件参数化绘图为例，阐述并开发了机械零件CAD系统的关键技术.     

基于AutoCAD开发零件特征建模系统研究

针对AutoCAD系统在特征建模方面存在的问题,依据特征建模技术理论,借助ObjectARX二次开发工具,在AutoCAD2004平台上开发了基于特征设计的零件特征建模系统。该系统用户界面友好、操作简单方便、设计效率高,可以方便地输入特征的非几何信息,为后续过程提供了丰富的信息,便于CAD与后续过程CAPP和CAM的集成。该系统的实现表明利用现有CAD系统的实体造型功能,开发特征建模系统是实现CAD／CAM集成的一种简单而有效的方法。     

辽河东部凹陷北部古近系输导体系及其对油气运移的影响

依据沉积体系、断层及其活动期次、不整合特征等分析结果，探讨了辽河东部凹陷古近系输导体系特征及其对油气运移的控制作用。研究结果表明，研究区发育连通砂体、断层和不整合3种输导体系。砂体的连通性与孔渗性、断层两盘岩性配置关系与断层活动性、不整合类型、不整合面上下岩性配置关系是影响输导体系运移效率的主要因素。分析了输导体系对油气运移的控制作用，认为沙一、二段和沙三段的连通砂体是油气横向运移的主要通道，牛青断层和茨东断层是沙一、二段和沙三段油气侧向运移的通道，更是沙一、二段和东营组重要的油源断层；沙一、二段与沙三段之间的不整合是茨榆坨潜山及牛居构造中油气重要的横向运移通道。同时还指出，各类输导体系之间的配置关系决定盆地的整体运移效率，茨东断层和牛青断层在整个输导体系中起重要的瓶颈作用。     

辽河东部凹陷北部古近系输导体系及其对油气运移的影响

依据沉积体系、断层及其活动期次、不整合特征等分析结果,探讨了辽河东部凹陷古近系输导体系特征及其对油气运移的控制作用。研究结果表明,研究区发育连通砂体、断层和不整合3种输导体系。砂体的连通性与孔渗性、断层两盘岩性配置关系与断层活动性、不整合类型、不整合面上下岩性配置关系是影响输导体系运移效率的主要因素。分析了输导体系对油气运移的控制作用,认为沙一、二段和沙三段的连通砂体是油气横向运移的主要通道,牛青断层和茨东断层是沙一、二段和沙三段油气侧向运移的通道,更是沙一、二段和东营组重要的油源断层;沙一、二段与沙三段之间的不整合是茨榆坨潜山及牛居构造中油气重要的横向运移通道。同时还指出,各类输导体系之间的配置关系决定盆地的整体运移效率,茨东断层和牛青断层在整个输导体系中起重要的瓶颈作用。     

Measurement of thermal contribution to photoreceptor sensitivity

Activation of a visual pigment molecule to initiate phototransduction requires a minimum energy, Ea, that need not be wholly derived from a photon, but may be supplemented by heat. Theory predicts that absorbance at very long wavelengths declines with the fraction of molecules that have a sufficient complement of thermal energy, and that Ea is inversely related to the wavelength of maximum absorbance (lambda(max)) of the pigment. Consistent with the first of these predictions, warming increases relative visual sensitivity to long wavelengths. Here we measure this effect in amphibian photoreceptors with different pigments to estimate Ea (refs 2, 5-7) and test experimentally the predictions of an inverse relation between Ea and lambda(max). For rods and 'red' cones in the adult frog retina, we find no significant difference in Ea between the two pigments involved, although their lambda(max) values are very different. We also determined Ea for the rhodopsin in toad retinal rods--spectrally similar to frog rhodopsin but differing in amino-acid sequence--and found that it was significantly higher. In addition, we estimated Ea for two pigments whose lambda(max) difference was due only to a chromophore difference (A1 and A2 pigment, in adult and larval frog cones). Here Ea for A2 was lower than for A1. Our results refute the idea of a necessary relation between lambda(max) and Ea, but show that the A1 --> A2 chromophore substitution decreases Ea.     

A rhodopsin is the functional photoreceptor for phototaxis in the unicellular eukaryote Chlamydomonas

Rhodopsin is a visual pigment ubiquitous in multicellular animals. If visual pigments have a common ancient origin, as is believed, then some unicellular organisms might also use a rhodopsin photoreceptor. We show here that the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas does indeed use a rhodopsin photoreceptor. We incorporated analogues of its retinal chromophore into a blind mutant; normal photobehaviour was restored and the colour of maximum sensitivity was shifted in a manner consistent with the nature of the retinal analogue added. The data suggest that 11-cis-retinal is the natural chromophore and that the protein environment of this retinal is similar to that found in bovine rhodopsin, suggesting homology with the rhodopsins of higher organisms. This is the first demonstration of a rhodopsin photoreceptor in an alga or eukaryotic protist and also the first report of behavioural spectral shifts caused by exogenous synthetic retinals in a eukaryote. A survey of the morphology and action spectra of other protists suggests that rhodopsins may be common photoreceptors of chlorophycean, prasinophycean and dinophycean algae. Thus, Chlamydomonas represents a useful new model for studying photoreceptor cells.