稀土在离心灰铸铁管中的作用

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜并结合电子探针和化学分析,研究了稀土在离心灰铸铁管中的作用。结果表明,在保证灰口铸铁的先决条件下,普通离心灰铸铁管的组织,尽管可随基本化学成分和铸造条件的不同而变化,但其特征是组织粗大且很不均匀,并有明显的分层现象。加入微量稀土后,无论显微组织和宏观组织都显著趋于细化和均匀化,同时,化学成分的偏析也有明显改善。     

Si3N4／铸铁在空气和水润滑下的摩擦学特性

在Ｍ－２００环－块磨损试验机上研究了空气、蒸馏水润滑条件下Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／灰铸铁、Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／低铬铸铁（ＤＴ）摩擦副的摩擦磨损，同时与Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｔ８钢摩擦副进行对比，讨论了铸铁中石墨和碳化物对摩擦磨损的影响，结果表明：蒸溜水润滑下，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＨＴ的摩擦系统非常小，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４与ＨＴ的磨损体积也最小，这是由摩擦时Ｓｉ３Ｎ４水解与形成石墨膜共同作用的；而空气润滑下，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＨＴ的摩擦靡损就不具有这种     

奥贝灰铁的组织与性能

探讨了不同化学成分的砂型和金属型铸造灰铸铁试样经等温热处理后的组织和性能。试验表明CE=4.4％以上的砂型铸造灰铸铁试样,抗拉强度提高到263MPa,延伸率可达1％～2％。金属型铸造的CE=4.2％～4.3％的灰铸铁试样抗拉强度达到500MPa,延伸率可达1％。由于碳当量高,铸造工艺性较好,强度提高幅度较大,因此可望作为铸铁的新成员,进入工业应用领域。     

铸铁的抗汽蚀性能及其关联因素

本文对铸铁的抗汽蚀性能及其关联因素进行了实验研究,认为石墨是铸铁汽蚀的破坏源,球墨铸铁的抗汽蚀性能优于普通灰铁的抗汽蚀性,灰铁基体组织的抗汽蚀性能以回火马氏体为最好,铁素体最差。经过实验得出增加片墨铸铁强度其抗汽蚀性能提高,增加球墨铸铁基体硬度时,抗汽蚀性能显著提高,铸铁中加入Cr1.00％,Mo0.50％,V0.100％,Re0.05％时,其抗汽蚀性能明显提高。含钒铸铁有较强的抗食盐水汽蚀能力。     

Some Factors Affecting on the Structure- formation and Mechanical Properties of As-Cast High Toughness Nodular Cast Iron

Using sand moulds for step-shape casting tests and different silicon percentage of nodular cast iron it was possible to separate structural variations produced during freezing from those occurring at Ac1 transformation temperature. The results show that an increase in silicon content leading to different variation in the matrix structure> leads to a changing mechanical properties of nodular cast irons. Tensile strength and elongation of obtained as-cast nodular cast iron with the composition of 3.9%C, 3.2%Si, 0.5%Mn are maximum of about 524.5N/mm2 and 19.8% accordingly. In the same nodular cast iron, but only with 0.1% Mn the silicon addition first increases after decreases elongation, impact toughness and hardness. But tensile strength changes to the opposite side.     

高碳变质铸铁中石墨漂浮缺陷的防止

高炉铁液经变质处理后,原生铁中粗大片状石墨成为球状或蠕团状,从而使其抗拉强度由约10kg/mm~2提高至35～63kg/mm~2,但变质高炉铁液直接用于生产遇到的首要障碍是由于生铁含碳量高(4.0～4.8％)所引起的石墨漂浮缺陷。本文从分析铸铁凝固特点出发,对高碳变质铸铁中石墨漂浮的形成机理提出了新的看法,并通过工艺试验提出了防止措施。     

钇基重稀土蠕墨铸铁的高温性能研究

利用钇基重稀土资源熔炼蠕墨铸铁,探讨高温条件下灰铸铁和蠕墨铸铁的抗拉强度、氧化增重值、伸长百分率、耐热疲劳性和线性膨胀系数等性能,同时用数理统计的方法推导出两种铸件线性膨胀系数的回归方程.结果表明:高温下蠕墨铸铁的断裂性质为韧窝断裂,其高温抗拉强度明显比灰铸铁高;蠕墨铸铁的抗氧化性和抗生长性均比灰铸铁好而导热系数与灰铸铁相近;灰铸铁和蠕墨铸铁的线性膨胀系数相近,但灰铸铁的相变收缩要比蠕墨铸铁强烈得多.     

用双模量理论分析灰铸铁拉伸与扭转的破坏实验

现行的强度理论研究灰铸铁拉伸与扭转的断裂破坏时,存在理论计算结果与实验结果误差较大的问题.由于灰铸铁是典型的双模量材科,所以采用双模量理论研究灰铸铁拉伸与扭转断裂破坏问题,给出了灰铸铁在拉伸与扭转情况下发生脆性断裂破坏时的修正双模量最大线应变强度条件.把修正双模量最大线应变强度条件的计算结果与国家标准及相关实验结果进行...     

Influence of vanadium and chromium additions on the wear resistance of a gray cast iron

A low-alloy gray cast iron containing hard carbide-forming elements, such as vanadium and chromium, was cast by sand mould casting. Its wear resistance was compared with that of an untreated gray cast iron. Three different loading conditions were tested under a constant speed. It was observed that this alloy could reduce the wear loss of standard gray cast iron by up to 89%, which was much greater than what was achieved in previous reports. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the predominant wear mechanism of both the alloys. In a mild wear regime, the oxidative mechanism was predominant; however, in a severe wear regime, this mechanism was not predominant and the adhesive mechanism was involved. EDX analysis was conducted to evaluate the quantitative amounts of elements in the tribochemical films formed on the wear tracks.     

Cr-Mo激光合金化对灰铸铁组织及耐磨性的影响

系统地研究了灰铸铁Cr-Mo激光合金化层中合金元素的分布、显微组织和耐磨性。试验结果表明,当激光束功率和预涂层合金成分一定时,合金化层的合金浓度主要决定于激光扫描速度。适中的激光扫描速度(7mm/s)下,合金元素在层内分布较均匀,沿层深浓度梯度平缓,合金化层的组织为极细小均匀的树枝晶;其余扫描速度下,表面Cr-Mo浓度高,沿层深浓度梯度大,表面高合金浓度处组织为白亮层,次层为树枝晶和层片状莱氏体,随层深增加枝晶间距增大。Cr-Mo激光合金化显著提高了灰铸铁的硬度和耐磨性。