基于同贝同步装卸的岸桥与集卡联合调度优化模型

为解决岸桥同贝同步装卸时多环节作业协调问题,加速集装箱在码头内部的周转,研究基于岸桥同贝同步装卸作业的岸桥与集卡联合调度问题.以船舶装卸完工时间最短为目标,建立岸桥与集卡联合调度优化模型,优化岸桥与集卡的任务分配及作业序列.岸桥同贝同步装卸增加了集卡作业环节,不同于传统作业时多阶段混合流水车间问题,其模型更加复杂,求解更加困难.针对大规模问题,设计了启发式算法进行求解,并将求解结果与下界值进行对比分析.结果表明,该启发式算法能有效提高岸桥与集卡联合调度模型的求解速度,有助于提高岸桥同贝同步装卸作业效率,为码头实际作业提供依据.     

同船装卸协调作业模式下的集卡路径优化调度

为提高集装箱码头的装卸作业效率,合理使用集装箱码头作业机械资源,研究了基于同船同步装卸协调作业情况下集卡行驶路径问题,并综合考虑了岸桥的作业时间,使得在这种装卸调度模式下,集卡的行驶时间和岸桥装卸集装箱的总作业时间最小.并对所建模型进行了数值模拟,给出了集卡行驶的最优路径,岸桥进行装卸同步作业的次数.与传统的调度模式相比较,大大缩短了集卡的行驶时间以及降低了集卡的空载率,同时也提高了岸桥的作业效率,总体提高了机械设备的利用率.     

集装箱船舶装卸作业时起吊设备-车辆的规划研究

针对集卡、堆场起吊设备和岸桥设备在集装箱船舶装卸作业时的规划问题提出了一个起吊设备一车辆的规划模型．模型对岸桥装载规划、堆场起吊设备路径选择和集卡分配进行了系统的优化,其优化目标是相关设备的空闲和堆场起吊设备空驶时间的最小化．针对模型提出一种改进的遗传算法,并根据其特性减少了搜索空间．实验表明,上述模型针对整个装载过程获得了系统模拟结果,其算法在允许的运算时间内能获得稳定的满意解．     

集装箱港口装卸作业设备集成调度

为提高集装箱港口的装卸效率,采用混合Flow Shop调度理论,将集装箱任务的装卸过程看作岸桥装卸、集卡运输和场桥装卸的三阶段混合Flow Shop调度问题,建立装卸任务完工时间最小化为目标的集成调度混合整数规划模型.使用矩阵编码方式的遗传算法对模型和算例进行求解,结果表明:集成调度方法比岸桥、集卡、场桥协调调度方法更具有现实意义,通过扩大任务规模,遗传算法求解结果与模型下界进行比较,当集装箱任务规模在100个以上时,求解结果与模型下界之间差距都在5%以内,证明了算法有效性.     

基于HFSS的集装箱码头集成调度模型的建立与求解

集装箱码头作为连接水陆两方的集装箱运输枢纽,在物流环节中起着重要作用.集装箱码头的装卸作业过程可以看成一个由岸桥、集卡、场桥组成的三阶段混合流水车间调度系统.为了提高集装箱码头的装卸作业效率、缩短船舶的靠泊时间,本文根据混合流水车间调度策略(HFSS),建立了以最小完成时间为目标函数的三阶段集成调度模型.求解过程中将集卡的因素考虑进去,使用基于改进的johnson法则的启发式算法来求解该模型.最后与遗传算法求解结果进行对比,发现在相同条件下,基于改进的Johnson规则的启发式算法相比于传统的遗传算法得到的结果更优,得到的最优解距离下界只有4.1%的差距.     

基于逆向强化学习的装船时堆场翻箱智能决策

集装箱码头装船时堆场翻箱具有时序性与动态性，属于NP（non?deterministic polynomial）难问题。针对常见的顺岸式集装箱码头堆场，以最小化总翻箱次数为优化目标，考虑翻箱对装船连续性及效率的影响，基于马尔科夫决策过程构建装船时堆场翻箱模型，设计逆向强化学习算法。为验证算法的有效性，以随机决策为基准，将设计的逆向强化学习算法与码头常见规则决策、随机决策对比。结果表明，贝位堆存状态不佳时，常见的规则决策不一定优于随机决策；逆向强化学习算法可有效挖掘隐含专家经验，收敛至最小翻箱次数的概率更高，且不同堆存状态下均能更好地限制单次发箱的翻箱次数，可实现装船时堆场翻箱智能决策。     

集装箱码头岸桥分配与集卡调度整合问题研究

岸桥分配与集卡调度是相互联系相互影响的问题,如果要提高码头装卸效率,就必须协调好两者的调度关系。针对集装箱码头岸桥和集卡的协同调度问题,以使进口箱和出口箱的总完工时间最短为目的,考虑了集卡路径约束和岸桥实际操作情况等实际约束,构建了边装边卸的混合整数规划模型。由于模型比较复杂,因此采用了分层方法来实现两种设备的协调调度,并用改进的遗传算法来求解模型。实验表明,通过将改进算法的结果与标准化软件CPLEX所求得的最优解或下界比较,算法求得6组最优解且剩余算例平均偏差小于5%;在求解时间方面,随着岸桥、集卡和集装箱数量的增加,CPLEX求解时间跨度由1 s到1 h快速增长,而改进算法求解却仅仅需要几十秒,因此说明改进的算法可以快速有效地解决岸桥和集卡的协同调度问题。     

集装箱码头出口街区作业调度优化

为提高集装箱码头装船作业效率,以最小化街区间作业不均衡程度为目标,考虑集卡数量、街区与泊位的距离及街区可用容量3种因素对目标值的影响,构建了街区分配与集卡指派一体化线性规划模型,并设计了两阶段算法进行求解。第一阶段,运用穷举法求解最优的集卡指派数量与作业箱量的非整数松弛解;第二阶段运用分支定界法求解作业箱量的最优整数解,并确定装载至同一船舶的出口箱的街区,以及每一街区需指派集卡的数量。数值实验表明,两阶段算法能在短时间内求得最优解,并能缩短集装箱装船时间。     

集装箱码头连续型泊位与岸桥集成调度

摘要：
针对集装箱码头泊位与岸桥两类资源分配的问题,提出了以最小化船舶总在港时间为目标、同时决策泊位与岸桥分配计划的方法,建立了连续型泊位和岸桥集成调度的数学模型.采用拆分决策对象的双层循环迭代算法对模型进行求解.算法的上层使用遗传算法优化船舶优先级和岸桥数目;下层基于船舶优先级决策泊位和岸桥集成调度计划,并通过数据实验证明了该算法的有效性和优越性.
关键词：
集装箱码头; 泊位分配; 岸桥分配; 集成调度
中图分类号： TP 29; U 691
文献标志码： A     

基于改进蚁群算法的集装箱装卸顺序优化研究

为缩短船舶在港时间,提高码头的作业效率,应用改进蚁群算法对集装箱装卸顺序的组合优化问题进行求解。首先结合柔性作业车间调度理论与集装箱装卸过程中船舶和岸桥的实际情形,建立集装箱装卸顺序调度模型;然后针对基本蚁群算法易出现早熟现象和收敛速度慢等问题,通过动态的改变信息素的挥发度与信息素强度,同时按照改进的信息素更新策略更新各路径的信息素,从而跳出局部最优;最后运用C#.NET语言对基于改进蚁群算法的集装箱装卸顺序问题进行仿真与步骤分析,验证了改进蚁群算法的有效性。实践证明,改进后的蚁群算法基本上克服了传统算法自身的不足,能够对集装箱装卸顺序优化,缩短作业时间。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-