丙烯酸乙酯──醋酸乙烯酯与玉米淀粉的乳液共接枝聚合反应

本文以过硫酸钾与硫代硫酸钠组成ＫＰＳ—Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３氧化还原ｚ引发体系，首次研究了丙烯酸乙酯（ＥＡ）一醋酸乙烯酯（ＶＡＣ）与玉米淀粉的乳液共接枝反应规律，ＩＲ、ＳＥＭ表征了产物的结构．当［ＫＰＳ］＝６×１０－３Ｍ，［ＶＡＣ］＝１．５×１０－１Ｍ，［ＥＡ］＝２×１０－２Ｍ，Ｓ：Ｌ＝４：１００，ＣＥ＝０．６ｇ／１００ｍｌ，６０℃，反应６ｈ时，可以得到最佳的Ｇ％及Ｅ％值，文献中未见有与本文相同的报道．     

THESYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CROSSLINKED GELATIN WITH HYDROPHILIC/ HYDROPHOBIC GRAFTS

以过硫酸钾（ＫＰＳ）－亚硫酸氢钠（ＮａＢＳ）为引发体系，甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）及甲基丙烯酸（ＭＡＡ）为接枝单体，制得了具有亲水性与疏水性接枝支链交联明胶．用红外光谱确证了产物结构．实验结果表明，当［ＫＰＳ］＝［ＮａＢＳ］＝６×１０－３Ｍ，［ＭＭＡ］＝６×１０－１Ｍ，Ｇｅｌｘ－ｇ－ＰＭＡＡ＝４ｇ，ＳＬ＝４１００，６０℃反应５小时，接枝率Ｇ％及接枝效率Ｅ％均出现最大值．研究了此类两亲性接枝交联明胶的溶胀行为．     

淀粉-甲基丙烯酸甲酯-醋酸乙烯酯接枝共聚反应研究

以玉米淀粉为接枝骨架,硝酸铈铵为引发剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）和醋酸乙酯（ＶＡＣ）为接枝单体,进行了接枝共聚,研究了单体用量,反应时间,引发剂秀量以及两单体配比对淀粉甲基丙烯酸甲酯－酯酸乙烯酯接枝共聚反应的影响,结果表明,当单体和淀粉用量比为２：１,引发剂浓度４．５×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ反应温度３０℃,反应时间２ｈ,ＭＭＡ和ＶＡＣ重量比为６：４时,可得到较高的接枝效率和接枝率,用核磁共振谱对接枝交     

甲基丙烯酸甲醇与氰乙基化交联淀粉的接枝共聚反应及其改性接枝物对金属离子吸附性能的研究

以ＡＰＳ－ＴＵ和ＡＰＳ－Ｕ为引发体系，研究了氰乙基化交联淀粉与甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）的接枝共聚反应规律；ＩＲ，ＳＥＭ表征了产物的结构；当［ＡＰＳ］＝［ＴＵ］＝［Ｕ］＝３×１０－２Ｍ，［ＭＭＡ］＝６×１０－１Ｍ，Ｓ：Ｌ＝４：１００，６０℃，反应６小时时，Ｇ％、Ｅ％值最高．用ＮＨ２ＮＨ２改性后，含－ＣＯＯＮＨＮＨ２功能基的接枝共聚淀粉对Ｃｕ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ、Ｐｈ等重金属离子有较好的吸附性能．     

壳聚糖接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯的动力学研究

用动力学的方法研究了影响铈盐引发壳聚糖与甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）接枝共聚反应的一些因素．发现壳聚糖能与ＭＭＡ发生接枝反应，在稳态下，接枝速率与单体的量无关，与壳聚糖的浓度成正比．并得到稳态下接枝共聚反应动力学方程     

原子转移自由基聚合合成聚（苯乙烯—g—丙烯酸丁酯）

以线型氯甲基化聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ－ＣＨ２Ｃｌ）为大分子引发剂,引发丙烯酸丁酯原子转移自由基聚合,合成了聚苯乙烯－丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物［Ｐ（Ｓ－ｇ－ＢＡ）］。ＰＳ－ＣＨＣｌ是由ＰＳ通过氯甲基化反应合成,ＰＳ链上－ＰｈＣＨ２Ｃｌ的分布是统计均匀。建立了该接枝共聚物的纯化方法,纯化后接枝共聚物的接枝效率可达９６．５％。用ＧＰＣ跟了大分子引发剂在本体中的引发和接枝反应过程。研究结果表明,反应速率对单体浓度呈一     

两性纤维素接枝共聚物的合成研究

采用ＫＭｎＯ４／Ｈ２ＳＯ４氧化还原引发体系,首次将羧甲基纤维素（ＣＭＣ）与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）进行接枝聚合,制备了一系列分子中同时含有阴离子羧甲基和阳离子季铵基团的两性纤维素接枝共聚物．研究了ＣＭＣ取代度、ＤＭＤＡＡＣ加量、ＫＭｎＯ４用量和Ｈ２ＳＯ４浓度对接枝共聚的影响,并对其聚合反应机理作了探讨     

以H2O2/Fe2+体系引发丙烯酰胺接枝聚乙烯醇的研究

本文从原料配比、反应温度、反应时间、引发体系及氧阻聚几方面研究了Ｈ２Ｏ２／Ｆｅ２＋引发体系对丙烯酰胺（ＡＭ）接枝聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）时转化率及接枝度的影响,证实该体系可代替铈盐引发ＡＭ与ＰＶＡ共聚。     

泸定百合居群染色体形态研究

研究了７个泸这百合居群的染色体形态变异,结果如下：（１）南涧居群Ｋ１＝２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２４＝２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｍ＋４ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｔ＋１２ｔ,染色体长度比２．６２,平均臂比８．６３,Ａｓ,Ｋ值８１．２０％。（２）弥勒居群Ｋ２＝２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２４＝２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｔ＋１４ｔ,染色体长度比２．５７,平均臂比８．６９,Ａｓ．Ｋ．值８１．１２％。（３）峨眉居     

过硫酸钾引发丙烯酰胺与玉米淀粉接枝共聚反应规律的研究

以过硫酸钾为引发剂，研究了丙烯酰胺与玉米淀粉接枝共聚的反应规律，实验结果表明：当［Ｋ＿２Ｓ＿２Ｏ＿８］＝－１００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ、［ＡＭ］＝０．４２２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，在６０℃反应３ｈ，接枝率、接枝效率、单体转化率及产率都很高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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