2007年133团春尺蠖发生为害特点及原因分析

<正>春尺蠖是石河子垦区林木的主要害虫,主要危害榆树、柳树、苹果树等,以幼虫取食刚萌发的芽苞、幼叶及老叶,当食物缺乏时也为害棉苗。近几年来,在我区都有不同程度的     

黑眉苇莺繁殖期领域性行为的研究

１９８７年５～７月在吉林省敦化市黄泥河林业局都陵林场，对黑眉苇莺繁殖期（孵卵与育雏期）的领域性行为进行了观察。该鸟严格地在沼泽草甸灌丛中选择领域，其领域以取食、繁殖为目的。它的领域面积的大小，受食物丰富度、种群密度、邻接巢对之间的行为和其他因素的相互作用等影响。领域的大小在孵卵期和育雏期是稳定的。黑眉苇莺在领域内主要在０～１ｍ植物高度间取食；对同种的入侵攻击行为强烈，而对异种则基本无反应。     

赛来塘地区桦树温室播种育苗技术

桦树根系发达，萌发力强，主要是我县林区更新和荒山造林的先锋树种，具有较强的水土保持和涵养水源性能，同时也是生产小农具和地板材的主要来源。但由于桦树种籽颗粒小，种皮坚硬，发芽时间长，出苗后幼苗前期生长慢，管理上要求细致，加之班玛地区高海拔与寒冷气候，桦树育苗工作难度大。     

崇明东滩越冬白头鹤食性的研究

采用粪便显微组织分析法和直接观察法对崇明东滩越冬白头鹤进行食性研究，结果表明：崇明岛东滩越冬白头鹤的觅食地在98堤外滩涂，主要位于海三棱lu草群落外带和中间带的潮沟附近，内带是白头鹤在大潮高潮时的觅食地及休息地，白头鹤的越冬食性分析，占总质量99%的食物成分为海三棱lu草的地下球茎和根茎（根状茎），对地下球茎特别偏爱，很少食用海三棱lu草的种子，潮汐冲刷使用使潮沟附近海三棱lu草球茎和根茎裸露，为白头鹤取食带来便利条件，白头鹤与小天鹅食性相似，但两者具有明显的生态隔离，由于白头鹤大部分时间在滩涂自然湿地上活动和觅食，因此崇明东滩对于保护白头鹤非常重要，但目前人类活动特别是围对白头鹤及其栖息地带来严重干扰。     

五龙河自然保护区鸟类群落夏秋食性特征分析

2005年11月至2006年9月,对湖北五龙河自然保护区的鸟类群落进行了调查,并对夏秋两季的鸟类食性集团作了聚类分析。结果表明:该区记录鸟类82种;其中夏季50种,秋季51种。该区夏秋季的鸟类群落均以虫食性鸟类为主,且均为24种。夏季取食集团的第1类群是山地灌木林取食集团,由银喉长尾山雀、红头长尾山雀、暗绿绣眼鸟、棕颈钩嘴鹛组成;秋季取食集团的第1类群为河滩灌木丛取食集团,由灰鹡鸰、淡眉柳莺、褐柳莺、暗绿绣眼鸟、黄喉鹀、喜鹊组成。     

花序的类型与识别

花序的类型与识别杨好伟，刘万代，夏国军（河南农业大学，郑州４５０００２）所谓花序，是指不具正常营养叶的花枝。花序上的“叶”特称为苞片或苞叶，是由营养叶退化、变态而来；苞片腋内具花或花簇，或者苞片完全退化消失，而使花序上不具苞片。自然界中还存在单生花与...     

山西雉鸡食性的研究

１９９３年１１月至１９９４年４月对山西省宁武县境内雉鸡的食性进行了研究。从野外共获取嗉囊标本３７个，其中雌雉２０个，雄雉１７个。对其进行分析的结果表明，雉鸡取食的植物性成分达４１种（涉及３７种植物），动物性成分有７种；在食谱组成中，野生植物的种子和果实为最主要的成分（重要值为１８４．５％），其次是农作物的种子（重要值为８９．５％），植物的根、茎、叶及动物性食物所占比例较小（重要值为２４．０７％）；     

闽北天然闽粤栲林分空间结构研究

运用混交度、大小比数及角尺度3个林分空间结构参数对闽北天然闽粤栲种群的空间结构进行分析.结果表明:该种群的林分平均角尺度为0.606,林木的水平分布格局为聚集分布;林分大小比数平均值为0.494,各树种大小分化程度存在很大差异,闽粤栲、酸枣、拟赤杨、重阳木、麻栎、榕叶冬青及白花泡桐在胸径上具有优势,鹿角栲、皱叶荚蓬、天仙果及石楠处于劣势;林分平均混交度为0.640,树种的空间隔离程度较大,已形成由不同树种组成的呈较高混交状态的复杂群落.该林分空间结构特征与其所处生境、演替阶段、干扰和各树种生长状况、生物学特性、林分地位等有关.     

蜂桶寨自然保护区毛冠鹿对冬季生境的选择

从2002年11月到2003年3月，在四川宝兴蜂桶寨自然保护区设点，对该区域毛冠鹿冬季生境选择进行了研究．在单变量分析中，植被类型、坡位、郁闭度、竹子密度、老笋密度、乔木大小、草本覆盖率和空地面积8个变量在生境样方和对照样方间存在显著差异．Logistic回归的分析表明草本覆盖率、乔木大小和植被类型是影响毛冠鹿生境选择的主要变量．食性与气候是影响毛冠鹿冬季生境选择的两大主要生态因子．文中还就Logistic回归分析的结果与主成分分析的结果进行比较，两者结果基本一致．     

千烟洲试验区马尾松人工林凋落叶及其营养元素的数量动态

研究了千烟洲试验区马尾松人工林凋落叶及其Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ａｌ、Ｍｎ、Ｎａ、Ｆｅ、Ｂａ、Ｓｉ、Ｚｎ等１２种营养元素的数量动态变化。对该树种的凋落叶数量的分析，表明该树种的凋落叶在１年中各个时期具有不同的特征，同时还可以看到凋落叶的养分元素月积累量亦随着季节的不同出现高峰和低谷，从而进一步加深了解凋落叶在森林中的功能地位。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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