玉柏石松化学成分的研究

采用正相、反相硅胶柱色谱法对玉柏石松的非生物碱成分进行了分离和纯化,从中分离得到了2个化合物,通过NMR技术鉴定其结构分别为3α-乙酰氧基豆甾烷-21-羧酸(1)和二萜柳杉酚(2),且化合物2为新的甾体化合物,化合物2为首次从该植物中分离获得的二萜化合物.     

固体酸催化小桐子油制备生物柴油

采用新型固体酸SO4^2-/TiO2-Al2O3替代传统的液体酸、碱催化剂,催化较高酸值小桐子油与甲醇进行酯交换反应制备生物柴油.考察了搅拌速度、固体酸催化剂用量、醇油摩尔比、反应温度和助溶剂等因素对产物中甲酯含量的影响.研究结果表明,固体酸催化剂对小桐子油酯交换反应具有较好的催化活性和稳定性,产物与催化剂易于分离.在反应温度为130℃、醇油摩尔比为15∶1、固体酸催化剂用量为油质量的4%、搅拌速度为480 r/min和助溶剂正己烷与小桐子油质量比为1∶4的条件下,反应4 h产物中小桐子油甲酯含量达到97.6%,反应10次甲酯含量维持在90%左右.制备得到的生物柴油质量达到国家柴油机燃料调合用生物柴油（BD100）标准.     

脑脉通化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)

采用色谱法对中药复方脑脉通的化学成分进行分离,采用化学方法及现代波谱技术对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定.分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为大黄酚,大黄素甲醚,2-甲氧基-6-乙酰基-7-甲基胡桃醌,大黄素,2,5-二甲基-7-羟基色原酮,芦荟大黄素,大黄酚甲醚,5-羟甲基糠醛,β-谷甾醇,胡萝卜苷.以上化合物均为首次自脑脉通复方中分离得到,其中化合物5-羟甲基糠醛为首次在组成脑脉通复方的4味中药中发现.     

栝楼雄株茎叶化学成分研究

为充分利用栝楼雄株茎叶这一生产中的废弃资源,利用聚酰胺、Sephadex LH 20柱色谱、C₁₈中压柱色谱及制备型高效液相色谱等手段对其化学成分进行分离纯化,根据各化合物的理化性质及谱学数据进行结构鉴定。结果表明,从栝楼雄株茎叶中分离得到的5个化合物,分别鉴定为黑麦草内酯（1）、4-［formy- 5- (methoxymethyl)-1H- pyrrol- 1- yl］butanoic acid （2）、4- (2- formy- 5- methoxymethylpyrrol-1- yl) butyric acid methylester（3）、对羟基苄基甲基醚（4）和脱落酸（5）。研究认为除化合物2以外,其他化合物均为首次从该部位分离得到,化合物3、5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

流苏花的化学成分研究

采用硅胶、凝胶柱色谱以及制备高效液相色谱等技术进行分离纯化,研究了流苏花的化学成分。综合运用波谱学方法鉴定分离得到的化合物的结构。从流苏花中共分离的9个化合物,分别鉴定为表松脂酚(1)、连翘苷(2)、木犀草素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、山奈酚(4)、乌苏酸(5)、齐墩果酸(6)、异香兰酸(7)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(8)、3,4-二羟基苯乙醇(9)。上述9个化合物均为首次从流苏花中分离得到,化合物1～3和化合物5～9为首次从流苏属中分离得到。     

瓜馥木化学成分研究

利用色谱技术进行分离纯化,从广西特色植物瓜馥木中分离得到7个单体化合物,根据光谱数据和理化性质等鉴定了它们的化学结构,分别为:5,6,7,8-四甲氧基黄酮(5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone,)、(-)-表儿茶素((-)-epicatechin,)、丁香酸(syringic acid,)、大黄素甲醚(physcion,)、豆甾醇(stigmas-terol,)、胡萝卜苷(daucousterol,)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,),其中化合物为首次从瓜馥木属植物中分离得到,化合物和为首次从瓜馥木中分离得到。     

东革阿里树皮的化学成分研究

利用溶剂提取和正、反相色谱法、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等技术对泰国产东革阿里(Eurycoma longifolia)树皮的化学成分进行分离纯化.采用核磁共振、质谱等波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构.从泰国产东革阿里树皮提取物中分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为铁屎米酮(1),铁屎米酮-N(3)-氧化物(2),9-羟基铁屎米酮(3),9-甲氧基铁屎米酮(4),9,10-二甲氧基铁屎米酮(5),东哥内酯(6),宽缨酮(7),豆甾-4,22-二烯-3-酮(8).化合物1~5为β-咔巴啉类生物碱,化合物6~7为苦木萜类成分,化合物8为甾体化合物,除化合物5和6外,其他6个化合物均为首次从该植物树皮中分离得到.     

千根草的化学成分研究

从大戟属植物千根草(Euphorbia thymifolia L.)地上部分丙酮提取物的石油醚部位分离得到5个化合物,经IR、NMR和HRESIMS等波谱技术鉴定为咸南藤酰胺乙酸酯(1)、芹菜素(2)、胡萝卜苷(3)、2,3-环氧-1-硬脂酸甘油酯(4)和顺-10-十七碳烯酸甲酯(5).化合物1为首次从大戟属植物中分离得到;化合物4和5首次从千根草中分离得到;首次报道化合物4的NMR数据.     

放线菌YIM48789发酵液中化学成分的研究

对放线菌YIM48789的发酵物进行化学成分研究,采用柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,从中分离得到6个化合物,根据光谱数据鉴定为1-O-乙酰基-甘露醇(1)、环(脯-丝)(2)、尿嘧啶核苷(3)、2’-脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(4)、腺嘌呤核苷(5)、胡萝卜甙(6).化合物1首次从天然物中分离得到,化合物2～6均首次从该放线菌的发酵物中分离得到.     

狭叶獐牙菜化学成分研究

目的:研究狭叶獐牙菜的主要化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱层析分离纯化化合物,依据理化性质和现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果 :从氯仿部位分离鉴定了4个单体化合物,分别为:齐墩果酸(1)、乌苏酸(2)、羽扇豆醇(3)、3β-羟基-11α,12α-环氧齐敦果-28,13β-内酯(4)。结论:除化合物(1)外,化合物(2)、(3)、(4)为首次从该药用植物中分离得到。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that