Induction of delayed hypersensitivity by carrageenan

Zusammenfassung Nachweis einer Sensibilisierung des Meerschweinchens durch intradermale Injektion von Carrageenan, was zu «passiv übertragbaren» Spätreaktionen führte.

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The authors wish to thank to MissI. Kawana, MissA. Saito and MissA. Chida for their technical assistance and Prof.Y. Horiuchi for his advice.     

The effect of heat on rat pineal hydroxyindole-O-methyl transferase activity

Summary Exposure of adult male rats to continuously elevated temperature of 32–34°C caused a significant decrease of HIOMT activity involved in the specific metabolic process of production of melatonin, considered an active pineal hormone. The effect was already evident after 24 h exposure and increased further during the next 48 h. The results obtained substantiate previous data that the pineal gland may be involved in the system regulating adaptation to extreme temperature changes.Acknowledgment. The authors are indebted to MissUte Schmidt for her excellent technical assistance.     

In vitro synthesis of an ACTH-like hormone and human chorionic somatomammotrophin by placental and amniotic cells

Résumé La synthèse de la somatomammotrophine (HCS) et d'un facteur présentant une réaction immunologique croisée avec l'ACTH a été démontrée dans des cultures de fragments de placenta et de membrane amniotique. Ce facteur est comparable à la corticotrophine chorionique humaine précédemment décrite dans le plasma de femme enceinte et les extraits placentaires.

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Acknowledgements. The authors are indebted to MissA. Müller for her skilfull technical assistance and to MissF. Tapernoux and MissM. C. Evraere for secretarial work. The authors would like to thankA. B. Ferring (Sweden) and Prof.P. Neri of Sclavo Institute (Italy) for their generous gifts of standard hormones.     

Influence of chlorpromazine on nuclear and cytoplasmic uptake of35S-methionine

Résumé Des rats ont été traités avec de la chlorpromazine et ont reçu en suite une seule injection de³⁵S-méthionine. Des radioautographies des coupes histologiques ont montré que la chlorpromazine a un effect inhibitoire dans la synthèse de la protéine nucléaire et cytoplasmatique. Les cellules qui ont une grande vitesse de synthèse protéique sont les plus affectées.

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This investigation was supported by grants from the Rockefeller Foundation and Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas.

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The authors wish to acknowledge the help of Prof. L. C. U.Junqueira for criticism and encouragement, and MissEdna Freymüller for her skilled technical assistance.     

α-1,4-Glucosidase activity in leucocytes and lymphocytes of 2 adult patients with glycogen-storage disease type II, (Pompe's disease)

Zusammenfassung Die Messung der Aktivität von -1,4-glucosidase in Lymphozyten und Leukozyten in Abhängigkeit vom pH ergab bei 2 erwachsenen Patienten mitPompe'scher Erkrankung Aktivitätsmaxima bei pH 3.2 und 6.2. Bei den Kontrollpersonen wurde ein weiteres Maximum bei pH 4,5 gefunden.

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Acknowledgments. I am indebted to MissS. Bauer, MissI. Geldmacher and MissR. Kipphan for skilful technical assistance.     

Electron microscopic observation of bacteria growing on the skin surface

Résumé Des observations au microscope électronique ont été faites sur des bacteries se développant à la surface de la peau. En utilisant la technique de fixation deRyter-Kellenberger, les auteurs ont obtenu bonne préservation des microorganismes, ce qui a permis l'étude de leur fine structure.

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Supported in part by grants from the Eli Lilly Co., Indianapolis, Indiana and the Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, Michigan. — We are indebted to Drs.S. H. Black, E. Kellenberger andR. P. Williams for their valuable suggestions. — We are also grateful to MissS. Martin, MissN. Moreland and Mr.G. Adams for their technical assistance.     

Enhancement of tubular organic base accumulation in renal cortical slices by repeated administrations ofTris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane,tromethamol (THAM) to rats of different ages

Summary After repeated THAM administrations to rats of different ages, an enhancement of THAM accumulation in renal cortical slices was observed, except in newborns. This effect can be interpreted as a specific substrate stimulation of the organic base transport system.Acknowledgment. The authors thank MissKarin Müller for technical assistance.     

Fortuitous discovery of urate nephrolithiasis in rats subjected to portacaval anastomosis

Zusammenfassung Nach Anlage eines portocavalen Shunts bei 53 Sprague-Dawley-Ratten wurde in 47% aller Fälle eine Harnsäure-Urolithiasis beobachtet. Das Vorkommen war bei den Ratten am häufigsten (94%), die mehr als einen Monat überlebten und postoperativ an Gewicht verloren.

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Acknowledgments. The authors are grateful to Dr.K. Lauber of the Department of Medical Chemistry and to Prof.H. Fleisch of the Department of Pathophysiology of the University of Berne for performing the chemical analyses. The technical assistance of MissM. Kappeler and MissB. Schütz is greatly appreciated.     

Participation of ACTH1–10 and ACTH4–10 on the melatonin modulation of benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebral cortex

In this study, we examined the effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection of melatonin and/or ACTH_1–10 and ACTH_4–10 on [³H]flunitrazepam binding sites in the cerebral cortex of hypophysectomized rats. Hypophysectomy increased the B_max (maximum number of binding sites) of benzodiazepine (BNZ) receptors for at least 7 days after surgery, without changing K_D (dissociation constant). The i.c.v. injection of melatonin to hypophysectomized rats significantly increased B_max, whereas the same doses of melatonin were ineffective in sham-operated animals. In both cases, K_D values were unchanged. The i.c.v injection of ACTH_1–10 to hypophysectomized animals significantly increased B_max, an effect that was enhanced by simultaneous i.c.v. injection of ACTH_1–10+melatonin, reaching higher values of B_max than the i.c.v. injection of these hormones individually. No significant changes in K_D values were found after ACTH_1–10 and/or melatonin administration. However, the i.c.v. injection of ACTH_4–10 to hypophysectomized rats did not change B_max, although it significantly increased K_D values, indicating a decrease in the BNZ binding affinity. Melatonin injection counteracted this effect of ACTH_4–10, returning K_D to the control value. Moreover, although the lower dose of i.c.v. melatonin used, 10 ng, was unable to modify B_max of BNZ binding in the ACTH_4–10-injected group, the higher dose, 20 ng, significantly increased B_max. The results suggest that these ACTH-derived peptides can modulate the effect of melatonin on brain benzodiazepine receptors.     

On the time course of thyrotropin suppression by high doses of thyroid hormones

Summary Basal and stimulated TSH decreased progressively. Basal TSH was suppressed below the detection limit of 0.4 U/ml after 74 h in 2 of the T₃ and all of the T₄ treated indiduals. At this time, in both groups 3 individuals could be significantly stimulated by TRH (about 5% of the pretreatment stimulation). There was no significant difference in the time course of suppression obtained by T₃ or T₄, though plasma T₃ levels in the T₄ treated group were considerably lower.Supported by the Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftThe excellent technical assistance of MissM. Knöpfle, MissU. Neun and Mr.G. Magin is gratefully acknowledged.     

Interspecific protoplast fusion and complementation inaspergilli

Summary Protoplast fusion and nutritional complementation between auxotrophic mutants ofAspergillus nidulans andAspergillus fumigatus has been achieved. It is concluded that the nutritional complementation may be due to interspecific aneuploidy.The authors thank Mr.L. Manczinger and Mr.Gy. Oravecz for producing and characterizing the required mutants; Dr.D. Goldstein for providing the strainA. nidulans R. 21; Dr.D. Kerridge for the wild-type strainA. fumigatus 5085; and Mr.L. Nagy, MissÉva Sziráki and MissMária Pölös for skilful technical assistance.     

The binding of polyphenols (rutin and some of itsO-β-hydroxyethyl derivatives) to human serum proteins

Summary A binding of polyphenols (rutin and its o--hydroxyethyl derivatives) to human serum was demonstrated. The results showed an increase of binding proportional to the number of free phenolic groups on the molecule of rutin.Acknowledgments. We should like to thank MissC. Gaillard and MissE. Engels for their valuable assistance in this study.     

Ultrastructural changes in the dorsal root ganglia evoked by thalidomide in rabbits

Summary Administration of the teratogenic drug thalidomide to pregnant does produces ultrastructural changes in foetal ganglion cells, Schwann cells and axons in the posterior root ganglia corresponding to forelimb segments deformed by the drug. Ultrasttructural changes in ganglia appear on the 13th day of gestation, i.e., preceding the appearance of limb malformation.This work was supported by a grant from Foundation 41.We are grateful to MissC. Ellis and Mr.P. Westphal for technical assistance.     

Induction of brain tumours in high yield by administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea to newborn rats

Zusammenfassung Durch einmalige Verabreichung von 10 mg/kg N-Äthyl-N-Nitrosoharnstoff am 1. Tag nach der Geburt wurden bei 33/34 Ratten 53 Hirntumoren, 9 Tumoren des Rückenmarkes, aber nur 9 im peripheren Nervensystem erzeugt, was eine bedeutend gesteigerte Rate von Hirntumoren bedeutet.

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We thank MissMary Trumper and MissValerie Nash for technical assistance and the Cancer Research Campaign for financial support of C.E.S.     

A new pseudoabnormal hemoglobin in hemolytic anemias

Zusammenfassung Es wird ein pseudoanomales Hämoglobin beschrieben, das bei Zirkulation von freiem Hämoglobin im Plasma entsteht und im Urin ausgeschieden wird. Es handelt sich um eine sekundäre Veränderung des Blutfarbstoffes, die von der Haptoglobin- und Glutathionbindung verschieden ist.

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This investigation was supported by a grant from the Swiss National Foundation for the Development of Scientific Research. The technical assistance of MissL. Bargetzi and MissC. Perner is gratefully acknowledged.     

Axoplasmic organelles: Quantitative differences between ventral and dorsal root fibres of the rat

Zusammenfassung Motorische und sensible Nervenfasern lassen sich im Bereich der Rückenmarkswurzeln (Ratte, L₅) aufgrund der Mengenverteilung der Axonorganellen unterscheiden. Bei vergleichbarem Faserkaliber haben Vorderwurzelfasern signifikant mehr Neurotubuli und axoplasmatisches Retikulum als Hinterwurzelfasern.

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This investigation was supported by the Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung in Österreich.

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The authors gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of MissL. Henning and MissB. Fritsche.     

Antigen-induced mitosis in liver macrophages of immunized mice

Résumé Des souris ont été immunisées avec l'albumine du sérum humain dans l'adjuvant complet de Freund. Un jour après une injection de rappel de l'antigène la taille des mitoses, parmi les macrophages du foie dépasse celle des mitoses des souris témoins.

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This work was supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and from the Postgraduate Medical Foundation of the University of Sydney. We thank MissMaria van Deventer for skilled assistance.     

Hot-cold hemolysis: The role of positively charged membrane phospholipids

Zusammenfassung Nachweis der Wirkung bestimmter Exotoxine von Bakterien auf die Erythrozytenmembran, wobei die Änderung der Permeabilität durch die Abspaltung von Cholin aus den Phospholipiden der Membran erfolgt.

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We thank Mrs.C. Gourlie and MissG. Seo for excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by NIH Grant No. CA11684.     

Drumsticks in the leucocytes of primates

Riassunto La frequenza del «drumstick» nei nuclei dei leucociti polimorfonucleati di diverse specie di Primati è stato riscontrato pressochè simile a quella dell'Uomo.

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The technical cooperation of MissP. Monaci and Mr.V. Puel has been very valuable. — The present research was partially carried out under a grant from the Italian National Council of Research (n.7854/F).     

Increased in vitro phosphorylation of rat liver nucleolar proteins following triiodothyronine administration

Summary It has been shown that triiodothyronine (T₃) administration to thyroidectomized rats induces an increase in the in vitro net³²P uptake into liver nucleolar proteins. Such an increase depends on a stimulation of the nucleolusassociated protein kinase activity and not on a lower dephosphorylation rate.We wish to thank MissAdriana Voci for excellent technical assistance. This study was partly supported by a grant from Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Italy.