基于区间有限元的结构广义可靠度分析

相对于只考虑随机性的狭义(或经典)结构可靠度理论,进一步考虑随机性、模糊性、未确知性的结构可靠度理论称为"结构广义可靠度",最早由王光远院士于20世纪80年代提出.本文介绍了作者所在团队近年来在结构广义可靠度理论方面所取得的一些成果.首先介绍了区间数学和区间有限元的基本概念,然后以区间有限元为工具,重点研究了3种类型不确定性情况下结构广义可靠度分析方法:第一种情况同时考虑基本变量的随机性与未确知性,未确知性以区间变量形式体现在随机变量的参数中;第二种情况为随机性与模糊性处于分离状态,即基本变量是随机的,而失效准则是模糊的;第三种情况为随机性与模糊性处于耦合状态,模糊性以模糊数形式体现在随机变量的参数中.采用区间蒙特卡罗模拟(IntMCS)技术和区间一次可靠度方法(IntFORM),提出并发展了上述3种情况下结构广义可靠度的分析方法.以一个平面桁架结构为例,展示了上述方法的适用性和有效性.     

超立方体中结点失效模型的可靠性分析

首先给出一个三维的Ｈｙｐｅｒｃｕｂｅ结构在存在结点故障情况下的状态转移模型，分析该模型中各个状态的可靠度和平均无故障时间。然后对ｎ维ＨＣ结构进行讨论、分析，给出可靠度模型的一般表达式。可靠度的分析方法可类似地用于其它系统的可靠度分析。     

超立方体中结点失效模型的可靠性分析

首先给出一个三维的Ｈｙｐｅｒｃｕｂｅ（简称ＨＣ）结构在存在结点故障情况下的状态转移模型，分析该模型中各个状态的可靠度和平均无故障时间。然后对ｎ维ＨＣ结构进行讨论、分析，给出可靠度模型的一般表达式。可靠度的分析方法可类似地用于其它系统的可靠度分析。     

有单移除策略的M／G／1重试可修排队系统

采取补充变量和母函数方法研究了有负顾客的M/G／1重试可修排队系统，其中负顾客的机制是带走正在接受服务的正顾客和使得服务器处于修理状态。中给出了系统存在稳态的充分必要条件，系统状态和orhit(重试组)队长的联合分布的母函数，服务器处于空闲、工作和修理状态的概率，orbit的平均人数L，系统的平均人数K和系统可靠度的Laplace变换。     

箱拱优化分析

本文将优化分析的数学模型引入拱式结构的有限元分析中，对箱形拱桥进行了纵断面优 化和横断面优化，得出以最小造价为目标函数的最优解答．文末给出了一个实例．     

基于动态蒙特卡罗法的在役钢管混凝土拱桥可靠度评估

基于时变可靠度理论,考虑桥梁结构的中介状态,结合现行规范给出了钢管混凝土拱桥三级工作模式的具体确定方法,建立了可靠度与三级工作模式的直接关系。引入状态变量,通过可变时间增量法推导了动态蒙特卡罗法失效概率与损伤概率的基本公式。算例以一座运营了10年,主跨83.6m的钢管混凝土拱桥为对象,根据实桥试验数据,用动态蒙特卡罗法评估了该结构的可靠度。算例桥在第10年时,损伤可靠度与失效可靠度均大于规范规定的目标可靠度,结构处于完好工作状态,这一结论与实际情况相符。     

基于可靠度指标的匀质杆件结构优化设计

以结构可靠性分析和结构优化理论成果为基础,推导得到匀质杆件结构在特定失效模式下的功能函数,给出这一特定失效模式下结构可靠度指标的计算方法.将结构的可靠度指标作为结构优化设计的控制参数,得出优化问题的数学模型,实现杆件结构系统基于可靠度指标的优化设计.通过算例证实了所提出方法用于刚架的正确性与一般通用性.     

基于最优传输可靠度的FlexRay网络参数配置

汽车控制系统正在由机械传动系统向线控系统转变,线控系统的应用虽然提升了汽车的舒适性和操控性,但是也对车载网络通信的安全性和可靠性提出了更高的要求。文章针对在传输速率和灵活性方面具有较大优势的FlexRay网络的可靠性进行研究,根据静态消息重传、传输可靠度和动态消息实时性的关系分析,提出了传输可靠度和动态消息平均响应时间概念,并推导出定量计算公式;在此基础上,建立了以传输可靠度最优为目标、以预定义传输可靠度和动态消息实时性为约束的FlexRay网络参数设计优化模型,并给出求解该模型的基于可靠度的参数优化算法(reliability aware parameter optimization,RAPO)。在CANoe中的仿真结果表明,该算法不仅可以满足动态消息实时性要求,而且可以有效提高传输可靠度约4.7%。     

基于遗传算法的复杂系统可靠度和冗余数设计分配优化

研究了复杂系统可靠度和冗余数分配优化问题，给出了子系统单元件可靠度指标和冗余个数一体化并发设计问题的提法；将遗传算法应用于求解系统可靠度优化配置问题，建立了优化配置子系统单元可靠度和冗余数的优化方法，具体设计优化了一复杂系统的可靠度分配问题，结果表明本文的问题描述合理，算法有效可行。     

复杂结构系统可靠度分析

在进行结构系统可靠度分析时通常将结构系统模型化为串联系统,并联系统或串、并联混合系统。这些模型对于象带式舟桥这样更为复杂的结构系统并不适用。本文提出了一个网络系统模型,可以作为复杂结构系统可靠度分析模型。给出了网络系统可靠度计算方法,编制了相应的计算机程序,以带式舟桥结构系统为例,计算了我国四种公路带式桥结构系统的可靠度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with