序列相关Setup单机调度的最小化最大拖期分枝定界算法

研究了具有序列相关Setup带交货期的单机调度NP问题,优化目标是最小化最大拖期.通过松弛子路径连通约束,提出了基于AP算法的下界方法.在算法下界的基础上,基于下界解建立了以改进Karp-Steel补偿启发式方法构成的上界构造方法.发现了反映问题特性的两条优势规则.最后依托Ragatz提出的分枝定界算法框架,引入上界和下界方法,以及两条优势规则,形成了求解该问题的分枝定界枚举算法.通过计算实验证明了算法的有效性.     

采用能耗最优改进蚁群算法的自治水下机器人路径优化

针对传统路径优化算法中"距离最短能耗非最低"的问题,提出了一种基于能耗最优改进蚁群算法的自治水下机器人路径优化算法。该算法通过对水下机器人进行水动力学分析,建立了水下机器人移动过程中的受力模型;得到了机器人移动路径的能耗计算公式;提出了能耗最优的改进蚁群算法,采用路径能耗的倒数作为路径信息素值,实现了能耗指导蚁群进化的目的。实验结果表明:该算法规划的路径长433.51m,水下机器人能耗12 235.17J,算法寻优迭代次数22次;传统距离最优算法规划的路径长393.56m,水下机器春能耗12 864.99J,算法寻优迭代次数33次。该算法规划的路径距离虽比传统算法长10%,但是能耗却降低了5%,收敛速度明显比传统算法快,对降低水下机器人能耗、提高续航能力有一定的优势。     

求不定二次规划问题全局解的新的分支定界算法

提出了求解不定二次规划问题一个新的分支定界算法.利用D.C.分解和正定阵的Cholesky分解把问题转化为可分离形式,并导出Lagrangian对偶界,给出基于Lagrangian对偶界和矩形对分的分支定界算法,同时给出初步数值实验结果.     

货物不相容车辆路径问题的优化

考虑现实生活中每个客户定制的货物不可用同一辆车混装,或者多个客户的货物不可混装的问题,建立了基于车辆载重、行驶里程、多种车型等约束条件的货物不相容的多车型车辆路径问题的数学模型,应用基于精英选择、混沌变异及模拟退火机制的混合遗传算法求解。将该算法应用到benchmark算例上,并与分支定界算法求解的结果比较,结果表明提出的算法优于分支定界算法。     

基于极小代数赋权有向图最短路径求解算法

应用极小代数给出了求解简单有向赋权图最短路径问题的代数算法.该算法基于赋权有向图的直接距离矩阵A,在极小代数意义下计算k步最短路径距离矩阵Ak和最短路径距离矩阵A+,并依此确定出赋权有向图的最短路径以及最少步数最短路径.与Dijkstra算法相比较,所提出的代数算法求解路径规划问题能够较快地得到特定的最短路径及其长度.     

求进化距离的改进算法

本文在Seller算法的基础上提出了一个新的求进化距离的改进算法。该法通过计算来求出一条最短路径,去掉了指针矩阵。并且在求最短路径时采用了分支与定界、对角线方向扩展、相邻对角线传递等技术。从而不仅使改进算法的空间耗费由Seller算法的平方级(O(m×n))降为线性级(O(m+n)),并且其时间耗费仍能保持Fickett算法的结果。该算法已在IBM-PC/AT上实现。     

基于最小生成树算法求解图的单源最短路径的研究

对《基于Kruskal算法的最短路径算法研究》一文中提出的方法进行探讨,通过构造实例论证了Kruskal算法并不能直接用于求解有向带权图的单源最短路径问题,并综合性地对基于最小生成树算法求解图的单源最短路径问题进行分析,通过构造实例最终得出最小生成树算法不适用于求解图的单源最短路径问题的结论.     

基于最小生成树算法求解图的单源最短路径的研究

对《基于Kruskal算法的最短路径算法研究》一文中提出的方法进行探讨,通过构造实例论证了Kruskal算法并不能直接用于求解有向带权图的单源最短路径问题,并综合性地对基于最小生成树算法求解图的单源最短路径问题进行分析,通过构造实例最终得出最小生成树算法不适用于求解图的单源最短路径问题的结论.     

基于截断学习效应的流水作业排序问题研究

【目的】给出具有截断学习效应的加权总完工时间流水作业排序问题的最优解。【方法】建立具有截断学习效应的加权总完工时间流水作业排序问题的数学模型,给出优势性质、下界和上界,并采用分支定界算法求解该问题的最优解。【结果】数值模拟结果表明:启发式算法得到的解比较准确,最大误差为 0.4117 ,分支定界算法的效率比较高,处理 100 个工件所用的最大时间不超过 460s 。【结论】计算结果表明分支定界算法能够很快地给出该问题的最优排序。
     

一种求解随机线性二层规划问题的分支定界-粒子群混合算法

将一类随机线性二层规划模型转换为带期望约束的确定性线性二层协方差规划模型,并进一步利用KKT条件将二层协方差规划模型转化为单层规划模型,然后利用分支定界-粒子群混合算法对该模型进行求解.与传统分支定界算法的对比实验表明,该算法有效改善了上层问题的方差结果,且计算效率得到了较显著提高.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.